Vincas Mickevičius, known under his pen name Kapsukas, was a Lithuanian communist political activist, publicist and revolutionary.
Mykolas Sleževičius was a Lithuanian lawyer, political and cultural figure, and journalist. One of the most influential figures in inter-war Lithuania, he served as the prime minister of Lithuania on three occasions. Taking the helm of the government at a difficult time in 1918 and again in 1919, Sleževičius has been credited with preparing Lithuania for the fights to come and for laying the foundations of the fledgling state.
The 1926 Lithuanian coup d'état was a military coup d'état in Lithuania that replaced the democratically elected government with a nationalist regime led by Antanas Smetona. The coup took place on 17 December 1926 and was largely organized by the military; Smetona's role remains the subject of debate. The coup brought the Lithuanian Nationalist Union, the most conservative party at the time, to power. Previously it had been a fairly new and insignificant nationalistic party. By 1926, its membership reached about 2,000 and it had won only three seats in the parliamentary elections. The Lithuanian Christian Democratic Party, the largest party in the Seimas at the time, collaborated with the military and provided constitutional legitimacy to the coup, but accepted no major posts in the new government and withdrew in May 1927. After the military handed power over to the civilian government, it ceased playing a direct role in political life.
Felicija Bortkevičienėnée Povickaitė was a Lithuanian politician and long-term publisher of Lietuvos ūkininkas and Lietuvos žinios. She became active in public life after she moved to Vilnius in 1900 and became known as an energetic and prolific organizer, manager, and treasurer of numerous political, cultural, and charitable organizations. She joined and was one of the leaders of various political parties, including the Lithuanian Democratic Party, the Peasant Union, and the Lithuanian Peasant Popular Union. She was a delegate to the Great Seimas of Vilnius (1905), was elected to the Constituent Assembly of Lithuania (1920), and was considered for the positions of Minister of Provision and Public Work (1918) and President of Lithuania (1926). Bortkevičienė organized and ran several charitable organizations, including those supporting gifted students, political prisoners of the Tsarist regime, and deported Prussian Lithuanians. She was also a member of women's movement in Lithuania, being an active member of the Lithuanian Women's Association and the chair of the Lithuanian Women's Union. For her various activities Bortkevičienė was arrested and imprisoned numerous times by different regimes, including Tsarist Russia, independent Lithuania, and Soviet Lithuania.
Zigmas Angarietis was a Lithuanian communist and revolutionary, one of the leaders of the Communist Party of Lithuania. He was one of the main people behind the short-lived Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic (1918–1919) and Lithuanian–Belorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (Litbel). Angarietis was arrested in 1938 during the Great Purge and executed two years later. During his lifetime he wrote over a hundred Marxist–Leninist works.
Tiesa was the official daily newspaper in the Lithuanian SSR. Established in 1917, the newspaper soon became the official voice of the Communist Party of Lithuania. After the Lithuanian victory in the Lithuanian–Soviet War, the party and the newspaper were outlawed in Lithuania. Thereafter, it was first printed in exile and later illegally in Kaunas. Tiesa survived irregular publishing schedules, frequent relocations, staff changes, and other difficulties and, after the Soviet occupation of Lithuania in June 1940, became the official daily of the new communist regime. At its peak, its circulation exceeded 300,000 copies. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Tiesa lost its official status and its circulation shrunk. The publication was discontinued in 1994.
Karolis Juozovic Požela was one of the early Lithuanian communist leaders.
Nikolai Kirillovich Antipov was a Soviet politician. He was appointed Member of the Central Executive Committee of the Soviet Union and elected member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1924–1937) and candidate member of the Orgburo. He was executed during the Great Purge and rehabilitated posthumously.
Nikolay Afanasyevich Kubyak was a Soviet state and party figure. Chairman of the All-Union Council for Communal Services by Central Executive Committee of the Soviet Union (1933–1937).
Jurgis Smolskis was a writer and socialist activist in the Rokiškis District, then part of the Russian Empire now Lithuania.
Mieczysław Kozłowski was a Polish-Lithuanian Marxist revolutionary, Bolshevik, Soviet diplomat and jurist.
Nikolai Pavlovich Komarov was a Russian Soviet politician, statesman and Communist Party official.
Ivan (Vano) Fedorovich Sturua was a Georgian revolutionary and Soviet statesman.
Ivan Mikhailovich Moskvin was a Soviet politician and Communist Party functionary.
The Central Bureau of the Lithuanian Sections of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) (Lithuanian: RKP(b) Lietuvių sekcijų Centro Biuras) was an organization within the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) that coordinated groups of Lithuanian party members across Soviet Russia in 1917–1921. The Central Bureau played a key role in the formation of the communist movement in Lithuania in the lead-up to the establishment of the first Lithuanian Soviet Republic in 1918, as there was no communist movement there at the time of the October Revolution. The main leaders of the Central Bureau of the Lithuanian Sections were Vincas Mickevičius-Kapsukas and Zigmas Aleksa-Angarietis, the founding duo of Lithuanian Bolshevism. Five conferences of Lithuanian Bolsheviks in Soviet Russia were held between 1918 and 1921. The Central Bureau of the Lithuanian Sections functioned under the Central Committee of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks).
Pranas Eidukevičius was a Lithuanian socialist activist and communist revolutionary. He was a member of the central committee of the Social Democratic Party of Lithuania in 1906–1918 and chairman of the short-lived Communist Party of Lithuania and Belorussia (1918) and Vilna Soviet of Workers Deputies (1918–1919).
Vladimir Nikolayevich Mescheryakov was a Soviet politician and statesman.
Chaimas Kaplanas was a Lithuanian-Jewish communist revolutionary. Kaplanas held key leadership roles in the Communist Party of Lithuania in the 1920s, but was excluded from the party leadership in 1927.
Stasys Matulaitis was an activist of the Lithuanian National Revival who became one of the leaders of the Social Democratic Party of Lithuania. He later joined the Communist Party of Lithuania and became a historian.
Vaclovas Bielskis was a Lithuanian leftist activist.
