Keith N. Hampton (born 1973) is professor of media and information at Michigan State University. His research interests focus on the relationship between information and communication technology, such as the Internet, social networks, and community democratic engagement, social isolation, and participation in the urban environment. [1]
Hampton received his PhD from the Department of Sociology, University of Toronto, and has been a faculty member at MIT, the Annenberg School for Communication at the University of Pennsylvania and Rutgers University.
Recent research explores such subjects as social interaction in public spaces, [2] the role of technology in social isolation, [3] and the role of the Internet in neighborhood interactions and relationships. [4]
Hampton received his B.A. (Bachelor's) in sociology, with honours, from the University of Calgary. He completed his graduate work at the University of Toronto, where he trained with Barry Wellman. He received an M.A. in sociology in 1998, and a Ph.D in Sociology in 2001. His dissertation, "Living the wired life in the wired suburb: Netville, glocalization and civil society", was an ethnography of a neighborhood in the suburbs of Toronto that had been equipped with high-speed Internet access. [5]
After receiving his doctorate, Hampton joined the Massachusetts Institute of Technology faculty as the first professor of "technology and the city" in the Department of Urban Studies and Planning. [6] He taught at MIT from 2001 through 2005. He was a fellow at the Saguaro Seminar and the Taubman Center for State and Local Government at the Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University (2003/04). He left MIT in 2005 to join the Annenberg School for Communication at the University of Pennsylvania faculty as an assistant professor of communication. In 2012 he left the University of Pennsylvania to join Rutgers University, where he was an associate professor in the School of Communication and Information and a member of the graduate faculty in the Department of Sociology. In 2015 Hampton was named the endowed professor in communication and public policy and in 2016 was promoted to full professor. [7] In August 2016, he joined Michigan State University as professor of media and information. [8]
Through a broad range of empirical approaches, including observations of public spaces, and large-scale national surveys, Hampton has continued to explore the social consequences of new technologies. He created the website "i-Neighbors.org", [9] which helped users to form virtual communities that correspond to physical neighborhoods. The site informed research on how Internet use affords local interactions, facilitates community involvement, and contributes to social capital. He is credited with popularizing the term glocalization as it pertains to understanding how new media encourage both global and local interactions. His work is regular featured in the media. [5] A 2014 feature on his work in The New York Times Magazine described Hampton as "Tall and broad with a warm charm, unguarded in that Canadian way, Hampton has become a star in a subfield that lacks a proper name." [10]
Hampton played a leading role in transforming the focus of the American Sociological Association's section on "Microcomputing" to its broader formation as the section on Communication and Information Technologies (CITASA). [11] He served as chair of the American Sociological Association's section on Communication and Information Technologies from 2007–2009, and past-chair from 2009-2010. [12]
Hampton has received numerous awards for his research. His dissertation received the top dissertation award from both the International Communication Association's Communication and Technology division, and the Media Ecology Association. In 2007 Hampton received an award for Public Sociology from CITASA for his work on i-Neighbors.org. [13] In 2011 he received the Walter Benjamin Award from the Media Ecology Association for his paper "Internet Use and the Concentration of Disadvantage: Glocalization and the Urban Underclass". [14] In 2011 he was given an award from CITASA for the top paper published in the prior two years for "The Social Life of Wireless Urban Spaces". [15] In 2012 he received the Outstanding Article Award from the International Communication Association for the top article published during the previous two years for "Core Networks, Social Isolation, and New Media: Internet and Mobile Phone Use, Network Size, and Diversity". [16]
Hampton is the author of more than 30 peer-reviewed articles and book chapters. [5] He has also authored a Pew Internet and American Life project. [17]
A community is a social unit with commonality such as place, norms, religion, values, customs, or identity. Communities may share a sense of place situated in a given geographical area or in virtual space through communication platforms. Durable good relations that extend beyond immediate genealogical ties also define a sense of community, important to their identity, practice, and roles in social institutions such as family, home, work, government, society, or humanity at large. Although communities are usually small relative to personal social ties, "community" may also refer to large group affiliations such as national communities, international communities, and virtual communities.
Manuel Castells Oliván is a Spanish sociologist. He is well known for his authorship of a trilogy of works, entitled The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture. He is a scholar of the information society, communication and globalization.
A virtual community is a social network of individuals who connect through specific social media, potentially crossing geographical and political boundaries in order to pursue mutual interests or goals. Some of the most pervasive virtual communities are online communities operating under social networking services.
Network society is the expression coined in 1991 related to the social, political, economic and cultural changes caused by the spread of networked, digital information and communications technologies. The intellectual origins of the idea can be traced back to the work of early social theorists such as Georg Simmel who analyzed the effect of modernization and industrial capitalism on complex patterns of affiliation, organization, production and experience.
Glocalization or Glocalisation is the "simultaneous occurrence of both universalizing and particularizing tendencies in contemporary social, political, and economic systems." The notion of glocalization "represents a challenge to simplistic conceptions of globalization processes as linear expansions of territorial scales. Glocalization indicates that the growing importance of continental and global levels is occurring together with the increasing salience of local and regional levels."
Barry Wellman is a Canadian-American sociologist and is the co-director of the Toronto-based international NetLab Network. His areas of research are community sociology, the Internet, human-computer interaction and social structure, as manifested in social networks in communities and organizations. His overarching interest is in the paradigm shift from group-centered relations to networked individualism. He has written or co-authored more than 300 articles, chapters, reports and books. Wellman was a professor at the Department of Sociology, University of Toronto for 46 years, from 1967 to 2013, including a five-year stint as S.D. Clark Professor.
Internet studies is an interdisciplinary field studying the social, psychological, pedagogical, political, technical, cultural, artistic, and other dimensions of the Internet and associated information and communication technologies. While studies of the Internet are now widespread across academic disciplines, there is a growing collaboration among these investigations. In recent years, Internet studies have become institutionalized as courses of study at several institutions of higher learning. Cognates are found in departments of a number of other names, including departments of "Internet and Society", "virtual society", "digital culture", "new media" or "convergent media", various "iSchools", or programs like "Media in Transition" at MIT. On the research side, Internet studies intersects with studies of cyberculture, human–computer interaction, and science and technology studies. Internet and society is a research field that addresses the interrelationship of Internet and society, i.e. how society has changed the Internet and how the Internet has changed society.
The following outline is provided as an overview of topics relating to community.
The School of Communication and Information (SC&I) is a professional school within the New Brunswick Campus of Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey. The school was created in 1982 as a result of a merger between the Graduate School of Library and Information Studies, the School of Communication Studies, and the Livingston Department of Urban Journalism. The school has about 2,500 students at the undergraduate, masters, and doctoral levels, and about 60 full-time faculty.
The sociology of the Internet involves the application of sociological theory and method to the Internet as a source of information and communication. The overlapping field of digital sociology focuses on understanding the use of digital media as part of everyday life, and how these various technologies contribute to patterns of human behavior, social relationships, and concepts of the self. Sociologists are concerned with the social implications of the technology; new social networks, virtual communities and ways of interaction that have arisen, as well as issues related to cyber crime.
Rob Kling was a North American professor of Information Systems and Information science at the School of Library and Information Science (SLIS) and Adjunct Professor of Computer Science, Indiana University, United States. He directed the interdisciplinary Center for Social Informatics (CSI), at Indiana University. He is considered to have been a key founder of social analyses of computing and a leading expert on the study of social informatics.
Communicative ecology is a conceptual model used in the field of media and communications research.
A community is "a body of people or things viewed collectively". According to [[Steven Brintgregates of people who share common activities and/or beliefs and who are bound together principally by relations of affect, loyalty, common values, and/or personal concern – i.e., interest in the personalities and life events of one another".
A social network is a social structure made up of a set of social actors, sets of dyadic ties, and other social interactions between actors. The social network perspective provides a set of methods for analyzing the structure of whole social entities as well as a variety of theories explaining the patterns observed in these structures. The study of these structures uses social network analysis to identify local and global patterns, locate influential entities, and examine network dynamics.
Caroline Haythornthwaite is a professor emerita at Syracuse University School of Information Studies. She served as the School's director of the Library Science graduate program from July 2017 to June 2019. She previously served as Director and Professor at the Library, Archival and Information Studies, School of SLAIS, at The iSchool at The University of British Columbia (UBC). Her research areas explore the way interaction, via computer media, supports and affects work, learning, and social interaction, primarily from a social-network-analysis perspective. Previously, during 1996–2010, at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), Haythornthwaite had worked as assistant professor, associate, or full professor in the Graduate School of Library and Information Science (GSLIS).
Mutual shaping suggests that society and technology are not mutually exclusive to one another and, instead, influence and shape each other. This process is a combination of social determinism and technological determinism. The term mutual shaping was developed through science and technology studies (STS) in an attempt to explain the detailed process of technological design. Mutual shaping is argued to have a more comprehensive understanding of the development of new media because it considers technological and social change as directly affecting the other.
Anabel Quan-Haase is a Canadian academic and published author. She is currently a full professor at the University of Western Ontario located in London, Ontario, where she is jointly appointed to the Faculty of Information and Media Studies and the Department of Sociology. Quan-Haase is past-president and past social media director of the Canadian Association for Information Science (CAIS). She is the 2019-2020 chair of CITAMS section of the American Sociological Association.
Richard Ling is a communications scholar who focuses on mobile communication. He was the Shaw Foundation Professor of Media Technology at Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (2013-2021). He has also lived and worked in Norway. He has studied the social consequences of mobile communication, text messaging and mobile telephony. He has examined the use of mobile communication for what he calls micro-coordination, used by teens, and use in generational situations, as a form of social cohesion. Most recently he has studied this in the context of large databases and also in developing countries. He has published extensively in this area and is widely cited. He was named a Fellow of the International Communication Association in 2016. He was named editor of the Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication in 2017.
Urban informatics refers to the study of people creating, applying and using information and communication technology and data in the context of cities and urban environments. It sits at the conjunction of urban science, geomatics, and informatics, with an ultimate goal of creating more smart and sustainable cities. Various definitions are available, some provided in the Definitions section.
Mary Chayko is an American sociologist and Distinguished Teaching Professor of Communication and Information at Rutgers University. She is the director of Undergraduate Interdisciplinary Studies at Rutgers University's School of Communication and Information and a five-year Faculty Fellow in Residence at the Rutgers-New Brunswick Honors College (2017-2022). She is an affiliated faculty member of the Sociology Department and Women's, Gender, and Sexuality Studies Department at Rutgers.