Kekropis (Greek : Κεκροπίς) was one of the phylai (tribes) of classical Athens, created during the reforms of Cleisthenes. [1] It was named after the legendary hero Kekrops. Its demes were Aixone, Halai Aixonides, Daidalidai, Epieikidai, Melite, Xypete, Pithos, Sypalettos, Trinemeia and Phlya. [2] [3]
In ancient Greece, a phratry was a group containing citizens in some city-states. Their existence is known in most Ionian cities and in Athens and it is thought that they existed elsewhere as well. Almost nothing is known about the functions and responsibilities of phratries outside Attica. Within Athens, they played a prominent role in social and religious life, particularly in the major festival called the Apatouria. They played an important role in determining eligibility for Athenian citizenship and all citizens and only citizens were enrolled in phratries. Particularly in anthropology, the term is also applied to similar descent groups of multiple clans in other societies.
In Ancient Greece, a deme or demos was a suburb or a subdivision of Athens and other city-states. Demes as simple subdivisions of land in the countryside existed in the 6th century BC and earlier, but did not acquire particular significance until the reforms of Cleisthenes in 508 BC. In those reforms, enrollment in the citizen-lists of a deme became the requirement for citizenship; prior to that time, citizenship had been based on membership in a phratry, or family group. At this same time, demes were established in the main city of Athens itself, where they had not previously existed; in all, at the end of Cleisthenes' reforms, Athens was divided into 139 demes. Three other demes were created subsequently: Berenikidai, Apollonieis, and Antinoeis. The establishment of demes as the fundamental units of the state weakened the gene, or aristocratic family groups, that had dominated the phratries.
Phyle is an ancient Greek term for tribe or clan. Members of the same phyle were known as symphyletai meaning 'fellow tribesmen'. During the late 6th century BC, Cleisthenes organized the population of Athens in ten phylai (tribes), each consisting of three trittyes ("thirtieths"), with each trittys comprising a number of demes. Tribes and demes had their own officers and were self-administered. Some phylai can be classified by their geographic location, such as the Geleontes, the Argadeis, the Hopletes, and the Agikoreis in Ionia, as well as the Hylleans, the Pamphyles, the Dymanes in Doris.
The trittyes, singular trittys were part of the organizational structure that divided the population in ancient Attica, and is commonly thought to have been established by the reforms of Cleisthenes in 508 BC. The name trittys means "third", and is named such because there were three types of regions in each trittys. There were thirty trittyes and ten tribes named after local heroes in Attica. Trittyes were composed of one or more demes; demes were the basic unit of division in Attica, which were the smaller units of population that made up the trittyes..
Acamantis was one of the phylai (tribes) of classical Athens, created during the reforms of Cleisthenes. It was named after the legendary hero Acamas, and included the demes of Cholargos, Eiresidai, Hermos, Iphistiadai, Kerameis, Kephale, Poros, Thorikos, Eitea, Hagnous, Kikynna, Prospalta and Sphettos.
Antiochis was one of the ten tribes (phylai) into which the Ancient Athenians were divided.
Athenians Project is a multi-year, ongoing project of compiling, computerizing and studying data about the persons of ancient Athens. By applying modern technology to ancient data, over a 100,000 entries have been digitized and maintained in an Empress Embedded Database for over 30 years. The project is headed by Professor John S. Traill of the University of Toronto in the Classics Department.
Cydathenaeum or Kydathenaion was one of the demes in ancient Athens. It belonged in the phyle (tribe) Pandionis.
Aiantis was a phyle of ancient Attica with six demes: Aphidna, Marathon, Oenoe, Rhamnous, Tricorythus and Phalerum. It was named in honour of Ajax the Great.
Erechtheis was a phyle (tribe) of ancient Athens with fourteen demes, named for the legendary king Erechtheus.
Aigeis was a tribe (phyle) of Ancient Athens which contained twenty demes: Lower and Upper Ankyle, Araphen, Bate, Diomeia, Erchia, Erikeia, Gargettos, Halae Araphenides, Hestiaia, Ikarion, Ionidai, Kollytos, Kolonos, Kydantidai, Myrrhinoutta, Otryne, Phegaia, Philaidai, Plotheia. It was named for the legendary king Aegeus.
Pandionis was an ancient phyle of Attica. It was one of the original ten tribes in which Athenian citizens were divided after the late 6th century BC reforms of Cleisthenes. The citizens of Pandionis were known as Pandionidae. At the time of its creation, Pandionis was composed of eleven demes, although the number of demes changed in the following centuries. The tribe was named after the eponymous hero Pandion, usually thought to have been either Pandion I or Pandion II, two of the legendary Kings of Athens.
Leontis was a phyle (tribe) of Ancient Attica.
Araphen was the name of a deme of ancient Athens, situated on the eastern coast to the north of Brauron and Halae Araphenides, on the west of the current village of Rafina, located near the mouth of the river of the same name.
Eupyridae or Eupyridai was a deme of ancient Attica.
Pallene was a celebrated deme of ancient Athens, frequently mentioned by ancient writers and in inscriptions.
Ptelea was a deme of ancient Attica of the phyle Oineis, sending one delegate to the Athenian Boule. It is the setting for Menander's Heros.
Ceriadae or Keiriadai was a deme of ancient Attica, of the phyle of Hippothontis, sending two delegates to the Boule. It was located outside of the walls of Themistocles, west of the hill of the Nymphs and west of the Pnyx. In this deme there was the baratharon (βάραθρον), a chasm into which criminals condemned to death were thrown.
Hippothontis was one of the phylai (tribes) of classical Athens, created during the reforms of Cleisthenes.
John Stuart Traill is a Canadian academic, author and founder of the Athenians Project. He is a graduate of the University of Toronto.
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