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Perak is a state of Malaysia on the west coast of the Malay Peninsula. Perak has land borders with the Malaysian states of Kedah to the north, Penang to the northwest, Kelantan and Pahang to the east, and Selangor to the south. Thailand's Yala and Narathiwat provinces both lie to the northeast. Perak's capital city, Ipoh, was known historically for its tin-mining activities until the price of the metal dropped, severely affecting the state's economy. The royal capital remains Kuala Kangsar, where the palace of the Sultan of Perak is located. As of 2018, the state's population was 2,500,000. Perak has diverse tropical rainforests and an equatorial climate. The state's mountain ranges belong to the Titiwangsa Mountains, which is part of the larger Tenasserim Hills system that connects Myanmar, Thailand and Malaysia.
The Malayan Union was a union of the Malay states and the Straits Settlements of Penang and Malacca. It was the successor to British Malaya and was conceived to unify the Malay Peninsula under a single government to simplify administration. Following opposition by the ethnic Malays, the union was reorganised as the Federation of Malaya in 1948.
The Federated Malay States was a federation of four protected states in the Malay Peninsula — Selangor, Perak, Negeri Sembilan and Pahang — established by the British government in 1895, which lasted until 1946, when they, together with two of the former Straits Settlements and the Unfederated Malay States, formed the Malayan Union. Two years later, the Union became the Federation of Malaya, which achieved independence in 1957, and finally Malaysia in 1963 with the inclusion of North Borneo, Sarawak and Singapore.
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References
- 1 2 Maimunah Mohd. Tahir (Ungku.) (1987). Modern Malay Literary Culture: A Historical Perspective. Institute of Southeast Asian. pp. 76–. ISBN 978-9971-988-52-4.
- ↑ "The NST diary, DKL edition". New Straits Times. Financial Times Ltd. (via HighBeam Research). 7 September 2003.
- ↑ Bruce Gale (1981). Politics and Public Enterprise in Malaysia. Eastern Universities Press. p. 40. ISBN 978-9971-71-152-8.
- 1 2 Mackie, Jamie; Aspinall, Edward; Fealy, Greg (2010). Aspinall, Edward; Fealy, Greg (eds.). Preface: Honouring Harold Crouch. Australian National University. doi: 10.22459/SNOL.08.2010 . ISBN 9781921666469 . Retrieved 6 December 2013.
- ↑ "Harold A. Crouch". Partnership for Democratic Governance and Security (PDGS). Retrieved 6 December 2013.
- ↑ Fan Hong; J.A. Mangan (30 September 2002). Sport in Asian Society: Past and present. Taylor & Francis. p. 122. ISBN 978-0-203-49742-5.
- ↑ "Kasnor Johan". WorldCat. Retrieved 6 December 2013.
