Khat (apparel)

Khat
Depiction of the khat
Details
Country	Ancient Egypt
Material	Linen

The khat was a head cloth worn in Ancient Egypt. It was similar to the nemes headdress, but did not have pleats or stripes like the nemes did. ^[1]

The khat was worn by laborers while doing tasks such as winnowing grain. ^[2] It was also worn by the king and by certain deities. It is strongly connected to the goddesses Isis, Nephthys, and Nut. ^[3]  

History

The khat dates back to at least the reign of the First Dynasty king Den, as he is shown wearing the khat and brandishing a mace on an ivory label found at Abydos. ^[4]

Extant examples were found in KV54, where materials from the embalming of Tutankhamun were cached, ^[5] and others that belonged to Tutankhamun were found within his tomb. ^[6] Additionally, the king's mummy wore a khat within the layers of wrappings; it was padded to the appropriate shape, and fitted with a gold browband and uraeus and vulture emblems. ^[7]

Construction

Illustration of the construction of Tutankhamun's khats

Illustration of the construction of a khat

The khat was made from a rectangular or semicircular piece of linen, likely with ties at the front. ^[3] It could be secured with a headband and gathered and tied at the back of the head. In depictions of the khat, it could be white, red, or yellow, and an extant example that was dyed blue has been found.

Gallery

• 
  Modern depiction of a king wearing a khat
• 
  Hery-Maat, a god depicted wearing a khat in the tomb of Khaemwaset (QV44) and the tomb of Tyti (QV52) ^[8]
• 
  Relief of Thutmose II depicting him wearing a white khat
• 
  Relief of Thutmose III depicting him wearing a white khat
• 
  Reconstructed scene from the tomb of Tutankhamun (KV62) depicting Tutankhamun wearing a white khat
• 
  Relief of Seti I depicting him wearing a white khat
• 
  Relief of Seti I depicting him wearing a yellow khat
• 
  Winnowers wearing khats from the tomb of Nakht (TT52)
• 
  Painting of a relief of Isis, depicting her wearing a white khat with a red headband
• 
  Blue khat from Tutankhamun's embalming cache
• 
  White khat from Tutankhamun's embalming cache

Sources

• Toby A. H. Wilkinson, Early Dynastic Egypt, Routledge 1999

References

1. Brooklyn Museum online Ancient Egypt glossary. Archived 2006-10-05 at the Wayback Machine Accessed March 29, 2006.
2. Vogelsang-Eastwood, Gillian (1993). Pharaonic Egyptian Clothing. Leiden, The Netherlands: E. J. Brill. pp. 171–178. ISBN   9789004097445.
3. Winlock, Herbert E.. (1916). "Ancient Egyptian Kerchiefs" . The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin. 11 (11): 238–242. doi:10.2307/3253406. ISSN   0026-1521. JSTOR   3253406.
4. Wilkinson, op.cit., p.196
5. Arnold, Dorothea (2010). "Introduction and Appendix". Tutankhamun's Funeral. By Winlock, Herbert E. New York : New Haven: Metropolitan Museum of Art ; Yale University Press. p. 70. ISBN   978-1-58839-369-2.
6. Griffith Institute: Carter Archives - 256-4pbi. Accessed January 8, 2012.
7. Carter, Howard (1927). Tomb Of Tut Ankh Amen Volume II. London: Cassel and Company. pp. 112–13.
8. "The lord of Terror and the deceased in the Burial Chamber in the Valley of the Queens" (PDF). Journal of the Faculty of Tourism and Hotels.