Kirkuk governorate election, 2009

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Provinces elected in January are Green; Kirkuk is Blue and Iraqi Kurdistan is Red Iraqi governorate elections 2008.png
Provinces elected in January are Green; Kirkuk is Blue and Iraqi Kurdistan is Red

Governorate or provincial elections are due to be held in Kirkuk Governorate in 2009 to replace the governorate council elected in the Iraqi governorate elections of 2005. [1] [2] The remaining governorates outside Iraqi Kurdistan held elections on 31 January 2009.

Iraqi governorate elections, 2009

Governorate or provincial elections were held in Iraq on 31 January 2009, to replace the local councils in fourteen of the eighteen governorates of Iraq that were elected in the Iraqi governorate elections of 2005. 14,431 candidates - including 3,912 women - contested 440 seats. The candidates came from over 400 parties - 75% of which were newly formed.

Delay

The original draft proposed delaying the election in Kirkuk Governorate until after the referendum to decide its precise status has been held. However, a group of Turkmen and Arab MPs proposed a power-sharing clause, establishing a provincial council consisting of ten Kurds, ten Arabs, ten Turkmens and two Assyrians. This clause was included in the draft election bill put to the Iraqi Council of Representatives in July 2008, and led to the Kurdish parties walking out in protest, complaining "If you already pick the seats before the election, why vote?" [3] The law was nonetheless approved on 22 July 2008. [4] However, President Jalal Talabani, who is Kurdish, and Vice-President Adel Abdul Mahdi, a Shi'ite Arab, have agreed they would reject the bill, and hence it would be sent back to the Council of Representatives to reconsider. [5]

Assyrian people Ethnic group

Assyrian people, or Syriacs, are an ethnic group indigenous to Western Asia. Some of them self-identify as Arameans, or as Chaldeans. Speakers of modern Aramaic and as well as the primary languages in their countries of residence, modern Assyrians are Syriac Christians who claim descent from Assyria, one of the oldest civilizations in the world, dating back to 2500 BC in ancient Mesopotamia.

Jalal Talabani Iraqi politician

Jalal Talabani was an Iraqi Kurdish politician who served as President of Iraq from 2006 to 2014, as well as the President of the Governing Council of Iraq. He was the first non-Arab president of Iraq. He is known as Mam Jalal in the Middle East. The surname Talabani means 'scholar' in native Kurdish.

Parliamentary summer recess started on 30 July 2008, but a special session was called for 3 August 2008 to find a solution to the Kirkuk issue. [6] At that meeting, no solution was reached; at another meeting on 4 August 2008, lawmakers postponed the session to 5 August 2008, [7] [8] and on that date to 6 August 2008. [9] It was then postponed to 9 September 2008, with a committee working on a compromise solution until then. [10] At that session, no resolution was reached, and negotiations continued on 10 September 2008 in the form of a special six-member panel formed for this occasion. [11] [12] The law was finally passed on 24 September 2008 and the election is expected to be held by 31 January 2009; [13] the compromise was that Kirkuk would be dealt with separately, and elections in Kirkuk and the three Kurdish autonomous provinces will be held at a later time. [14] A special panel was to work on a solution on Kirkuk and report back by 31 March 2009. [15]

The United Nations Special Representative for Iraq, Staffan de Mistura proposed holding elections in all governorates except Kirkuk, and deferring the Kirkuk elections for six months in order to find an acceptable compromise. [16] A draft bill based on this proposal was debated on 6 August and accepted by the Kurdistani Alliance but opposed by the Iraqi Turkmen Front, Iraqi Accord Front and Sadrist Movement who objected to the draft law's reference to the Kirkuk status referendum and insisted on delaying the entire elections until a solution was found. [10] [17]

United Nations Intergovernmental organization

The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization that was tasked to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international co-operation and be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations. The headquarters of the UN is in Manhattan, New York City, and is subject to extraterritoriality. Further main offices are situated in Geneva, Nairobi, Vienna and The Hague. The organization is financed by assessed and voluntary contributions from its member states. Its objectives include maintaining international peace and security, protecting human rights, delivering humanitarian aid, promoting sustainable development and upholding international law. The UN is the largest, most familiar, most internationally represented and most powerful intergovernmental organization in the world. In 24 October 1945, at the end of World War II, the organization was established with the aim of preventing future wars. At its founding, the UN had 51 member states; there are now 193. The UN is the successor of the ineffective League of Nations.

Staffan de Mistura Italian-Swedish diplomat

Staffan de Mistura is a long-serving Italian-Swedish diplomat and former member of the Italian government. After a 40-year career in various United Nations agencies, he was appointed Undersecretary of State for Foreign Affairs in the Italian cabinet headed by Mario Monti. 2014 -2017 he was Director of Operations at Villa San Michele on Capri. From 2014 to 2019 he was United Nations special envoy for the Syria crisis.

Iraqi Turkmen Front political party

The Iraqi Turkmen Front is a political movement founded in 1995 which seeks to represent the Iraqi Turkmen people. Since the fall of Saddam Hussein in 2003, the ITF has contested control of Kirkuk and other areas of northern Iraq. The ITF claims that Kirkuk belongs to the Turkmen people although they compose only 13–17 percent of the population.

The panel was given a two-month extension to its deadline to 31 May and then a further week to 6 June. [18] [19]

Related Research Articles

The politics of Iraq take place in a framework of a federal parliamentary representative democratic republic. It is a multi-party system whereby the executive power is exercised by the Prime Minister of the Council of Ministers as the head of government, as well as the President of Iraq, and legislative power is vested in the Council of Representatives and the Federation Council.

Kirkuk City in Iraq

Kirkuk is a city in Iraq, serving as the capital of the Kirkuk Governorate, located 238 kilometres north of Baghdad. Kirkuk lies in a wide zone with an enormously diverse population and has been multilingual for centuries. There were dramatic demographic changes during Kirkuk's urbanization in the twentieth century, which saw the development of distinct ethnic groups. Kurds, Iraqi Turkmen, Arabs, and Assyrians lay conflicting claims to this zone, and all have their historical accounts and memories to buttress their claims.

Kirkuk Governorate Governorate in Iraq

Kirkuk Governorate or Kirkuk Province is a governorate in northern Iraq. The governorate has an area of 9,679 square kilometres (3,737 sq mi). In 2017 the estimated population was 1,259,561 people. The provincial capital is the city of Kirkuk. It is divided into four districts.

Kurdistan Regional Government Ruling body of the Iraqi Kurdistan region

The Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) is the official ruling body of the autonomous Iraqi Kurdistan region.

Council of Representatives of Iraq

The Council of Representatives is the unicameral legislature of the Republic of Iraq. It is currently composed of 329 seats and meets in Baghdad inside the Green Zone.

The first government of Iraq led by Nouri al-Maliki took office on May 20, 2006 following approval by the members of the Iraqi National Assembly. This followed the general election in December 2005. The government succeeded the Iraqi Transitional Government which had continued in office in a caretaker capacity until the new government was formed and confirmed.

The government of Iraq has established a committee to consider a proposed amendment to the Constitution of Iraq.

Kirkuk status referendum Canceled vote on whether Kirkuk should be part of Iraqi Kurdistan

The Kirkuk status referendum was the Kirkuk part of a planned plebiscite to decide whether the disputed territories of Northern Iraq should become part of the Iraqi Kurdistan region. The referendum was initially planned for 15 November 2007, but was repeatedly delayed and ultimately never took place.

Iraqi Kurdistan Parliament

The Kurdistan Parliament, also called the Iraqi Kurdistan Parliament (IKP), is the parliament of Iraqi Kurdistan. It is made up of representatives from the various parties, lists or slates that are elected every four years by the inhabitants of the provinces of Iraqi Kurdistan currently governed by the Kurdistan Regional Government. Prior to the Kurdistan Election Law passed in March 2009, the body was referred to as the Kurdistan National Assembly.

2010 Iraqi parliamentary election election

A parliamentary election was held in Iraq on 7 March 2010. The election decided the 325 members of the Council of Representatives of Iraq who would elect the Iraqi prime minister and president. The election resulted in a partial victory for the Iraqi National Movement, led by former Interim Prime Minister Ayad Allawi, which won a total of 91 seats, making it the largest alliance in the Council. The State of Law Coalition, led by incumbent Prime Minister Nouri Al-Maliki, was the second largest grouping with 89 seats.

Turkmeneli Wikimedia list article

Turkmeneli, also known as Turkmenland, and historically as Turcomania, is a political term used by the Iraqi Turkmen/Turkoman minority in Iraq to define the vast swath of territory in which they have historically had a dominant population. The term incorporates the Iraqi Turkmen/Turkoman homelands running from Iraq's border with Turkey and Syria and diagonally down the country to the border with Iran.

2009 Ninawa governorate election

The Nineveh Governorate election of 2009 was held on 31 January 2009 alongside elections for all other governorates outside Iraqi Kurdistan and Kirkuk.

2009 Iraqi Kurdistan parliamentary election

The Iraqi Kurdistan legislative elections of 2009 took place on 25 July 2009. A total of 2.5 million citizens of Iraqi Kurdistan were eligible to vote for the parliamentary and presidential elections. People currently living outside Iraqi Kurdistan were not allowed to vote. The elections followed the Iraqi Kurdistan elections of 2005. The parliamentary elections coincided with the direct election of the President of Kurdistan. Unlike the Iraqi Kurdistan elections of 2005, the president of Kurdistan was to be chosen directly through popular votes. A referendum to approve the constitution of Iraqi Kurdistan originally planned for the same day was put back to 1 August.

2013 Iraqi governorate elections

Governorate or provincial elections were held in Iraq on 20 April 2013, to replace the local councils in the governorates of Iraq that were elected in the Iraqi governorate elections of 2009. Elections took place in 12 of Iraq's 18 governorates. Elections didn't take place in the 3 governorates forming the Kurdistan Region or Kirkuk, Anbar, or Ninevah, meaning that a total of 378 provincial council seats were up for election.

Najmiddin Karim Najmiddin Karim (born 1949) is the current governor of Kirkuk Governorate in Iraq. Prior to the invasion of Iraq Karimi had served in numerous Iraqi opposition groups.

Dr. Najmiddin Karim, born 1949, also known as Najmaldin Karim, is the governor of Kirkuk Governorate of Iraq. Prior to the invasion of Iraq, Karim had served in numerous Kurdish and Iraqi opposition groups.

2013 Ninawa governorate election

The 2013 Nineveh Governorate election in Iraq was held on 20 June with elections for the Al Anbar Governorate. Due to security problems, turnout was less than half that of the 2009 election. This election saw Sunni Arab parties lose a number of seats to minority parties.

The Ba'athist Arabization campaigns in North Iraq involved the forced displacement and cultural Arabization of minorities, in line with settler colonialist policies, led by the Ba'athist government of Iraq from the 1960s to the early 2000s, in order to shift the demographics of North Iraq towards Arab domination. The Iraqi Ba'ath party, first under Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr, and later Saddam Hussein, engaged in active expulsion of minorities from the mid-1970s onwards. In 1978 and 1979, 600 Kurdish villages were burned down and around 200,000 Kurds were deported to the other parts of the country.

2018 Iraqi parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Iraq on 12 May 2018. The elections decided the 329 members of the Council of Representatives, the country's unicameral legislature, who in turn will elect the Iraqi President and Prime Minister. The Iraqi parliament ordered a manual recount of the results on 6 June 2018. On 10 June 2018, a storage site housing roughly half of the ballots from the May parliamentary election caught fire.

References

  1. ↑ http://www.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/meast/09/24/Iraq.main/
  2. ↑ http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/7718687.stm
  3. ↑ Kurds Protest Iraqi Election Law, New York Times , 2008-07-16, accessed on 2008-07-20
  4. ↑ Iraq elections law passes, but vote date in doubt, CNN , 2008-07-22, accessed on 2008-07-22
  5. ↑ Iraq's presidency council vetoes provincial election bill, People's Daily , 2008-07-24, accessed on 2008-07-27
  6. ↑ Iraqi Parliament calls session on Kirkuk - International Herald Tribune
  7. ↑ AFP: Iraqi parliament delays meeting on key voting law Archived 2009-02-07 at the Wayback Machine .
  8. ↑ Iraqis see compromise on Kirkuk standoff - International Herald Tribune
  9. ↑ Parliament session on election law adjourned as dispute continues over Kirkuk_English_Xinhua
  10. 1 2 Iraqi Parliament fails to agree on elections law, International herald Tribune , 2008-08-06, accessed on 2008-08-06
  11. ↑ https://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/10/world/middleeast/10iraq.html?ref=middleeast
  12. ↑ http://english.people.com.cn/90001/90777/90854/6497236.html
  13. ↑ http://www.rferl.org/content/Iraq_Passes_Poll_Law_Vote_Urged_Before_Jan_31/1291232.html
  14. ↑ http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/7633557.stm
  15. ↑ http://www.iht.com/articles/2008/09/25/africa/25iraq.php
  16. ↑ Iraqi parliament again puts off election vote, Reuters , 2008-08-05, accessed on 2008-08-05
  17. ↑ Iraq MPs still at odds over provincial elections law Archived 2009-02-07 at the Wayback Machine ., Middle East Times, 2008-08-06, accessed on 2008-08-06
  18. ↑ Iraqi Parliament's Mission To Kirkuk Ends In Failure, Radio Free Europe , 2009-05-27
  19. ↑ Iraq Delays Kirkuk Election Report By A Week - MP, AFP , 2009-05-31
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