Kugeze Mlande

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Land of Forefathers
Kugeze Mlande
Registered1991
Dissolved1995
NewspaperEryk (Freedom) [1]
Membership (1995)20
Ideology Mari Nationalism
Mari Independence
Political position Right-wing

Land of Forefathers (Mari : Kugeze Mlande) was a Mari nationalist organization founded in February 1991. The Party promoted Mari Independence. [2] [3] In March 1995 the organization was terminated by the Russian law enforcement agencies. [4]

History

In February 1990 Kugeze Mlande was formally registered. The aim of the organization was separating Mari El from Russia, adoption of harsh laws against migration into the Republic, [5] and Mari membership within the proposed Volga Confederation. [6]

In 1995, Kugeze Mlande was forced to cease its activities following its criticism of Vladislav Zotin, its call for Mari independence, and its opposition to the Chechen War. [4] [7]

References

  1. ↑ "Mari Men and Women as Bearers of the Mari Language and Identity". mariuver.narod.ru. Retrieved 2025-05-11.
  2. ↑ "HUMAN RIGTHS[sic] PROBLEMS IN RUSSIA". www.suri.ee. Retrieved 2025-05-11.
  3. ↑ Taagepera, Rein (1999). The Finno-Ugric republics and the Russian state. New York: Routledge. ISBN   978-0-415-91977-7. OCLC   42519757.
  4. 1 2 Tishkov, V. A.; Filippova, Elena; Local Government and Public Service Reform Initiative, eds. (2002). Local governance and minority empowerment in the CIS. LGI books. Budapest, Hungary: Local Govt. and Public Service Reform Initiative : Open Society Institute. ISBN   978-963-9419-38-4.
  5. ↑ Mastyugina, Tatiana; Perepëlkin, Lev Stanislavovič; Naumkin, Vitalij Vâčeslavovič; Zvâgelʹskaâ, Irena Dorovna (1996). An ethnic history of Russia: pre-revolutionary times to the present. Contributions in ethnic studies. Westport, Conn London: Greenwood Press. ISBN   978-0-313-29315-3.
  6. ↑ Saunders, Robert A.; Strukov, Vladimir Vjačeslavovič (2010). Historical dictionary of the Russian Federation. Historical dictionaries of Europe. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press. ISBN   978-0-8108-7460-2.
  7. ↑ Zamyatin, Konstantin (2015-01-01). "Minority political participation under majority domination: a case study of Russia's Republic of Mari El". Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja. 2015 (95). doi:10.33340/susa.82653. ISSN   1798-2987.
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