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Kurt Frederick, born Kurt Fuchsgelb (4 March 1907 - 28 December 1997), was an Austrian-born musician who later became a conductor in New Mexico, United States.
Kurt Frederick was born in Vienna, Austria to Ernestine (née Dohan) and Guido Fuchsgelb. [1] His father worked for the Israelitische Kultusgemeinde Wien (IKG). [2]
Frederick studied at the State Academy of Music in Vienna, now known as the University of Music and Performing Arts Vienna. [3] He worked as the choir conductor at the Stadttempel, also known as the Seitenstettengasse Temple. [4] Frederick married Gladys Caroline Miller after his escape in 1939. While in New York, Frederick worked as a violist first with the New Friends of Music Orchestra and then with the Kolisch Quartet. [5] [6] He and his family moved to Albuquerque, New Mexico in the early 1940s. Frederick was a member of the faculty at the University of New Mexico. [7] His mother, Ernestine Fuchsgelb, was murdered in Auschwitz in 1944. [8] Frederick fled Vienna after the Anschluss and moved to New York City through the rescue efforts of Gladys Kissel Miller Rokos and her daughter,
Gladys Caroline Miller. [9]
Frederick married Gladys Caroline Miller after his escape in 1939. While in New York, Frederick worked as a violist first with the New Friends of Music Orchestra and then with the Kolisch Quartet. [5] [6] He and his family moved to Albuquerque, New Mexico in the early 1940s. Frederick was a member of the faculty at the University of New Mexico. [7]
His mother, Ernestine Fuchsgelb, was murdered in Auschwitz in 1944. [8] Frederick gave the world premiere for Ernst Krenek's Fifth Symphony. [10] He also gave the world premiere for Arnold Schoenberg's A Survivor from Warsaw with the Albuquerque Civic Symphony on November 4, 1948. Frederick obtained the world premiere of A Survivor from Warsaw through an arrangement made with Schoenberg in which Frederick agreed to produce copied parts of the score and send them back to Schoenberg. [11] He also played a part in the creation of the Albuquerque Youth Symphony and served as its first conductor. [12] Frederick received his PhD in Philosophy of Music from the Eastman School of Music in 1957.
Frederick gave the world premiere for Arnold Schoenberg's A Survivor from Warsaw with the Albuquerque Civic Symphony on November 4, 1948. Frederick obtained the world premiere of A Survivor from Warsaw through an arrangement made with Schoenberg in which Frederick agreed to produce copied parts of the score and send them back to Schoenberg. [11] [13] [14] [15] [16]
Abstract - This interview features Kurt Frederick, a European refugee and conductor of the Albuquerque Civic Symphony Orchestra. Frederick talks about hearing Arnold Schoenberg’s A Survivor from Warsaw and then corresponding with the composer in order to perform the work in New Mexico. Furthermore, this interview discusses his introduction to the piece, his correspondences with Schoenberg, the premiere of the work, and also background information on Frederick’s life. [17]
Kurt Frederick reflects on his life in relation to Arnold Schonberg’s music and his career as conductor of the Albuquerque Civic Symphony Orchestra. [18]
Frederick fled Vienna after the Anschluss and moved to New York City through the rescue efforts of Gladys Kissel Miller Rokos and her daughter, Gladys Caroline Miller. [9] Frederick married Gladys Caroline Miller after his escape in 1939. While in New York, Frederick worked as a violist first with the New Friends of Music Orchestra and then with the Kolisch Quartet. [5] [6] He and his family moved to Albuquerque, New Mexico in the early 1940s. Frederick was a member of the faculty at the University of New Mexico. [7] His mother, Ernestine Fuchsgelb, was murdered in Auschwitz in 1944. [8]
The orchestra, originally called the Albuquerque Civic Symphony, was organized by local members of the Rotary Club and first performed on November 30, 1932, at Carlisle Gymnasium. The founding conductor was Grace Thompson Edmister, who was one of the first women to lead a classical orchestra in the United States.
Edminster was succeeded in 1941 by William Kunkel, who was in turn replaced in 1945 by Kurt Frederick. Frederick managed to convince the world-renowned Austrian-American composer Arnold Schoenberg to commission the premiere of his work „A Survivor from Warsaw“ to the ACS. [19]
Since 1974, the artistic and cultural contributions of 325 individuals have been recognized with the Governor's Awards for Excellence in the Arts.
The Governor's Awards for Excellence in the Arts - Dr. Kurt Frederick was a recipient for music in 1977. [20]
The Opera Southwest was founded in 1972 as Albuquerque Opera Theatre by Dr. Edward T. Peter, Maestro Kurt Frederick and others. [21]
Kurt Frederick was a conductor in the following Orchestras:
New Mexico Chamber Orchestra
Civic Symphony Orchestra, which became the Albuquerque Civic Symphony Orchestra
Youth Symphony Orchestra
University of New Mexico Orchestra
Kurt Frederick was a full-time professor of music, and conductor at the University of New Mexico for 42 years.
In 1979, Kurt Frederick received an honorary degree from UNM. [22]
Located on the University of New Mexico Campus, College of Fine Arts, the University of New Mexico dedicated one of the main concert halls after Kurt Frederick, rightfully named 'Kurt Frederick Hall' located at (B120) [23]
An endowed scholarship was established in memory of Kurt Frederick providing assistance to main campus undergraduate students each year. [24]
Arnold Schoenberg or Schönberg was an Austrian-American composer, music theorist, teacher, writer, and painter. He is widely considered one of the most influential composers of the 20th century. He was associated with the expressionist movement in German poetry and art, and leader of the Second Viennese School. As a Jewish composer, Schoenberg was targeted by the Nazi Party, which labeled his works as degenerate music and forbade them from being published. He emigrated to the United States in 1933, becoming an American citizen in 1941.
The Second Viennese School was the group of composers that comprised Arnold Schoenberg and his pupils, particularly Alban Berg and Anton Webern, and close associates in early 20th-century Vienna. Their music was initially characterized by late-Romantic expanded tonality and later, a totally chromatic expressionism without firm tonal centre, often referred to as atonality; and later still, Schoenberg's serial twelve-tone technique. Adorno said that the twelve-tone method, when it had evolved into maturity, was a "veritable message in a bottle", addressed to an unknown and uncertain future. Though this common development took place, it neither followed a common time-line nor a cooperative path. Likewise, it was not a direct result of Schoenberg's teaching—which, as his various published textbooks demonstrate, was highly traditional and conservative. Schoenberg's textbooks also reveal that the Second Viennese School spawned not from the development of his serial method, but rather from the influence of his creative example.
Ernst Heinrich Krenek was an Austrian, later American, composer. He explored atonality and other modern styles and wrote a number of books, including Music Here and Now (1939), a study of Johannes Ockeghem (1953), and Horizons Circled: Reflections on my Music (1974). Krenek wrote two pieces using the pseudonym Thornton Winsloe.
Franz Schreker was an Austrian composer, conductor, librettist, teacher and administrator. Primarily a composer of operas, Schreker developed a style characterized by aesthetic plurality, timbral experimentation, strategies of extended tonality and conception of total music theatre into the narrative of 20th-century music.
Fritz Stiedry was an Austrian conductor and composer.
Rudolf Kolisch was a Viennese violinist and leader of string quartets, including the Kolisch Quartet and the Pro Arte Quartet.
The Kolisch Quartet was a string quartet musical ensemble founded in Vienna, originally as the New Vienna String Quartet for the performance of Schoenberg's works, and settling to the form in which it was later known. It had a worldwide reputation and made several recordings. The quartet disbanded in the United States during the early 1940s.
Erwartung (Expectation), Op. 17, is a one-act monodrama in four scenes by Arnold Schoenberg to a libretto by Marie Pappenheim. Composed in 1909, it was not premiered until 6 June 1924 in Prague conducted by Alexander Zemlinsky with Marie Gutheil-Schoder as the soprano. The opera takes the unusual form of a monologue for solo soprano accompanied by a large orchestra. In performance, it lasts for about half an hour. It is sometimes paired with Béla Bartók's opera Bluebeard's Castle (1911), as the two works were roughly contemporary and share similar psychological themes. Schoenberg described Erwartung, saying "the aim is to represent in slow motion everything that occurs during a single second of maximum spiritual excitement, stretching it out to half an hour."
A Survivor from Warsaw, Op. 46, is a cantata by the Los Angeles–based Austrian composer Arnold Schoenberg, written in tribute to Holocaust victims. The main narration is unsung; "never should there be a pitch" to its solo vocal line, wrote the composer.
Hans Lange was a German-American conductor and musician. He was a son of Paul Lange, who had been a lecturer for music at the American College for Girls and German High School Istanbul in the 1890s, and later was appointed the Sultan's director of music. Hans Lange himself was an alumnus of German High School Istanbul.
Bethany Beardslee is an American soprano and grandmother to ex-model Ella Winham. She is particularly noted for her collaborations with major 20th-century composers, such as Igor Stravinsky, Milton Babbitt, Pierre Boulez, George Perle, Sir Peter Maxwell Davies and her performances of great contemporary classical music by Arnold Schoenberg, Alban Berg, Anton Webern. Her legacy amongst mid-century composers was as a "composer's singer"—for her commitment to the highest art of new music. Milton Babbitt said of her "She manages to learn music no one else in the world can. She can work, work, work." In a 1961 interview for Newsweek, Beardslee flaunted her unflinching repertoire and disdain for commercialism: "I don't think in terms of the public... Music is for the musicians. If the public wants to come along and study it, fine. I don't go and try to tell a scientist his business because I don't know anything about it. Music is just the same way. Music is not entertainment."
Karl V. is an opera, described as a Bühnenwerk mit Musik by Ernst Krenek, his opus 73. The German libretto is by the composer. His student Virginia Seay collaborated with him on the English translation of the libretto.
Thomas Larcher is an Austrian composer and pianist.
John Neal Axelrod is an American conductor. Axelrod was elected Artistic and musical director of the Royal Symphony Orchestra of Seville in 2014 and is Principal Conductor of the Orchestra Sinfonica di Milano, "Giuseppe Verdi", also known as "LaVerdi". Between 2009 and 2013, Axelrod was music director of l'Orchestre National des Pays de la Loire, based in Nantes and Angers, France; and from 2009 to 2011, Axelrod served as music director of "Hollywood In Vienna" Gala Concerts with the ORF Radio Symphony Orchestra, Vienna. He has also served as music director and Chief Conductor of the Lucerne Symphony Orchestra from 2004 to 2009, and from 2001 to 2009 as Principal Guest Conductor of Sinfonietta Cracovia.
Günter Reich, also spelled Günther Reich and Gunther Reich, was an Israeli baritone of German birth. He was a member of the Staatsoper Stuttgart for more than 20 years and is known for interpreting the works of Arnold Schoenberg in collaboration with Michael Gielen and Pierre Boulez.
The New Mexico Symphony Orchestra (NMSO) was a symphony orchestra in Albuquerque, New Mexico. It operated from 1932 until 2011, when it declared bankruptcy.
The Chamber Symphony No. 1 in E major, Op. 9 is a composition by Austrian composer Arnold Schoenberg.
Alexander Zemlinsky or Alexander von Zemlinsky was an Austrian composer, conductor, and teacher.
Thomas Edward Clark was an English conductor and music producer for the BBC. Through his positions in leading new music organizations and his wide-ranging contacts with British and European composers, he had a major impact on making contemporary classical music available to the British public for over 30 years. He was a leading figure in the BBC's Concerts of Contemporary Music between 1926 and 1939, and he played a significant role in the founding and early development of the BBC Symphony Orchestra. He held prominent positions in the International Society for Contemporary Music (ISCM) from its inception in 1922, and was its president from 1947 to 1952.
The English Symphony Orchestra and the English String Orchestra are two iterations of a British professional orchestra based in the city of Worcester, Worcestershire, in the West Midlands of England.
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