Tanzania comprises many lakes, national parks, and Africa's highest point, Mount Kilimanjaro. Northeast Tanzania is mountainous, while the central area is part of a large plateau covered in grasslands. The country also contains the southern portion of Lake Victoria on its northern border with Uganda and Kenya.
Transport in Tanzania includes road, rail, air and maritime networks. The road network is 86,472 kilometres (53,731 mi) long, of which 12,786 kilometres (7,945 mi) is classified as trunk road and 21,105 kilometres (13,114 mi) as regional road. The rail network consists of 3,682 kilometres (2,288 mi) of track. Commuter rail service is in Dar es Salaam only. There are 28 airports, with Julius Nyerere International being the largest and the busiest. Ferries connect Mainland Tanzania with the islands of Zanzibar. Several other ferries are active on the countries' rivers and lakes.
Dodoma, officially Dodoma City, is the national capital of Tanzania and the capital of the Dodoma Region, with a population of 410,956. In 1974, the Tanzanian government announced that the capital would be moved to Dodoma for social and economic reasons and to centralise the capital within the country. It became the official capital in 1996. Much of the initial design did not come to fruition for a long time. Only in 2018–2019 a new push moved most institutional headquarters to the new capital. So far, embassies have resisted moving offices to Dodoma. As a result, Dar es Salaam remains the commercial capital of Tanzania and still retains the state house Ikulu, and a large number of government functions.
The Rift Valley lakes are a series of lakes in the East African Rift valley that runs through eastern Africa from Ethiopia in the north to Malawi in the south, and includes the African Great Lakes in the south. These include some of the world's oldest lakes, deepest lakes, largest lakes by area, and largest lakes by volume. Many are freshwater ecoregions of great biodiversity, while others are alkaline "soda lakes" supporting highly specialised organisms.
Kagera is an administrative region of Tanzania that is located on the western shore of Lake Victoria in the north-west of the country. Kagera borders Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and Kenya, which is on the other side of Lake Victoria. The regional capital city is Bukoba.
Dodoma Region is one of Tanzania's 31 administrative regions. The regional capital is the city of Dodoma. The region is located in central Tanzania, it is bordered by Singida Region to the west; Manyara Region to the north; Iringa Region to the south; and Morogoro Region to the east. Dodoma Region hosts the nation's capital city with where the legislative assembly or Bunge is based. Dodoma Region also hosts one of the largest University in Tanzania, University of Dodoma. According to the 2012 national census, the region had a population of 2,492,989.
Iringa is one of Tanzania's 31 administrative regions. The regional capital is Iringa. The region's population is 1,122,100. It is primarily agricultural and boasts the second-highest per-capita GDP in the country.
Kigoma Region is one of Tanzania's 31 administrative regions. The regional capital is the city of Kigoma. According to the 2012 national census, the region had a population of 2,127,930, which was higher than the pre-census projection of 1,971,332. For 2002-2012, the region's 2.4 percent average annual population growth rate was tied for the fourteenth highest in the country. It was also the sixteenth most densely populated region with 57 people per square kilometer. With a size of 45,066 square kilometres (17,400 sq mi), the region is slightly smaller than Estonia.
Muleba is one of the six districts of the Kagera Region of Tanzania. It is bordered to the north by the Bukoba Urban and Bukoba Rural districts, to the south by the Biharamulo District, to the east by Lake Victoria and to the west by the Ngara and Karagwe districts. The district covers and area of 3,518 square kilometres (1,358 sq mi).
Karagwe is one of the eight districts of the Kagera Region of Tanzania. It is bordered to the north by Uganda, to the east by the Bukoba Rural District, to the southeast by the Muleba District, to the south by the Ngara District and to the west by Republic of Rwanda, from which it is divided by the River Kagera. Small lakes such as the Ikimba, Burigi, Rushwa, and Rwakajunju provide fishing opportunities for residents of the Karagwe District. The district covers and area of 5,134 square kilometres (1,982 sq mi).
Mtera Dam is a hydroelectric dam in Tanzania. The dam is located midway between Iringa and Dodoma on the border between the Iringa Region and the Dodoma Region. The travel time from Dodoma is about two hours on a tarmac road.
Hazina is an administrative ward in the Dodoma Urban district of the Dodoma Region of Tanzania. The ward covers an area of 8.584 square kilometres (3.314 sq mi).
Chali is an administrative ward in the Bahi District district of the Dodoma Region of Tanzania. The ward covers an area of 291.1 km2 (112.4 sq mi) with an average elevation of 831 m (2,726 ft).
Chibelela is an administrative ward in the Bahi District district of the Dodoma Region of Tanzania. According to the 2002 census, the ward has a total population of 8,787. The ward covers an area of 115.5 km2 (44.6 sq mi) with an average elevation of 1,034 m (3,392 ft).
Tanzania contains some 20 percent of the species of Africa's large mammal population, found across its reserves, conservation areas, marine parks, and 17 national parks, spread over an area of more than 42,000 square kilometres (16,000 sq mi) and forming approximately 38 percent of the country's territory. Wildlife resources of Tanzania are described as "without parallel in Africa" and "the prime game viewing country". Serengeti National Park, the country's second largest national park area at 14,763 square kilometres (5,700 sq mi), is located in northern Tanzania and is famous for its extensive migratory herds of wildebeests and zebra while also having the reputation as one of the great natural wonders of the world. The Ngorongoro Conservation Area, established in 1959, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and inhabited by the Maasai people. Its Ngorongoro Crater is the largest intact caldera in the world.
Agriculture is the main part of Tanzania's economy. As of 2016, Tanzania had over 44 million hectares of arable land with only 33 percent of this amount in cultivation. Almost 70 percent of the poor population live in rural areas, and almost all of them are involved in the farming sector. Land is a vital asset in ensuring food security, and among the nine main food crops in Tanzania are maize, sorghum, millet, rice, wheat, beans, cassava, potatoes, and bananas. The agricultural industry makes a large contribution to the country's foreign exchange earnings, with more than US$1 billion in earnings from cash crop exports.
Bukoba Rural District is one of the eight districts of the Kagera Region of Tanzania. It is bordered to the north by Missenyi District, to the east by Lake Victoria and Bukoba Urban District, to the south by Muleba District and to the west by Karagwe District. Its administrative seat is Bukoba town.
Bukoba Urban District is one of the eight districts of the Kagera Region of Tanzania. It is bordered to east by Lake Victoria and to the west by Bukoba Rural District. Its administrative seat is the town of Bukoba.
Ntyuka, is a administrative ward in Dodoma Urban in the Dodoma Region of Tanzania. The ward covers an area of 46.68 square kilometres (18.02 sq mi) with an average elevation of 1,237 metres (4,058 ft).
Chang'ombe is an administrative ward in the Dodoma Urban district of the Dodoma Region of Tanzania. The ward covers an area of 3.04 km2 (1.17 sq mi) with an average elevation of 1,141 m (3,743 ft).
