Lal Jhanda Dal

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Lal Jhanda Dal ('Red Flag Group') was a communist organization in West Bengal, India. It was one of several Maoist splinter groups that was active in West Bengal as of the late 1960s and early 1970s. The group was led by Swadesh Mitra. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] Swadesh Mitra had been a leader of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) in Calcutta, but formed part of an oppositional tendency (the 'State Bolshevik Core' or 'Surya Sen Group'). The Bolshevik Core tendency that Mitra belonged to had maintained contacts with the radicals in North Bengal (which launched the Naxalbari uprising). [10] [11]

West Bengal State in Eastern India

West Bengal is a state in the eastern region of India along the Bay of Bengal. With over 91 million inhabitants, it is India's fourth-most populous state. West Bengal is the thirteenth-largest Indian state, with an area of 88,752 km2 (34,267 sq mi). Part of the ethno-linguistic Bengal region of the Indian subcontinent, it borders Bangladesh in the east, and Nepal and Bhutan in the north. It also borders the Indian states of Odisha, Jharkhand, Bihar, Sikkim, and Assam. The state capital is Kolkata (Calcutta) the seventh-largest city in India, and center of the third-largest metropolitan area in the country. West Bengal includes the Darjeeling Himalayan hill region, the Ganges delta, the Rarh region, and the coastal Sundarbans. The main ethnic group is the Bengalis, with Bengali Hindus forming the demographic majority.

India Country in South Asia

India is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives; its Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia.

Communist Party of India (Marxist) Political party in India

The Communist Party of India (Marxist) is a communist political party in India that adheres to Marxist–Leninist theory. It is one of the national parties of India. The party emerged from a split from the Communist Party of India in 1964. The CPI(M) was formed at the Seventh Congress of the Communist Party of India held in Calcutta from 31 October to 7 November 1964. As of 2018, CPI(M) is leading the state government in Kerala and has representation in the following Legislative assemblies in the states of Kerala, West Bengal, Tripura, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Odisha and Maharashtra. As of 2018, CPI(M) claimed to have 1 million members. The highest body of the party is the Politburo.

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References

  1. ↑ Johari, J. C. Naxalite Politics in India . Delhi: Research Publications, 1972. p. 73
  2. ↑ Roy, Manabendra Nath. The Radical Humanist , Vol. 36. Maniben Kara, 1972. p. 27
  3. ↑ Jawaid, Sohail. The Naxalite Movement in India: Origin and Failure of the Maoist Revolutionary Strategy in West Bengal, 1967-1971 . New Delhi: Associated Pub. House, 1979. p. 94
  4. ↑ Pandey, Sachchidanand. Naxal Violence: A Socio-Political Study . Delhi: Chanakya Publications, 1985. p. 68
  5. ↑ United Asia , Vol. 23. United Asia, 1971. p. 55
  6. ↑ Grover, Verinder. Party System and Political Parties . New Delhi: Deep & Deep, 1989. p. 464
  7. ↑ Singhvi, L. M., Subhash C. Kashyap, and J. P. Sharma. Indian Political Parties: Programmes, Promises, and Performances . Delhi: Research [Publications in Social Sciences, for] the Institute of Constitutional and Parliamentary Studies, 1971. p. 98
  8. ↑ Roy, Asish Kumar. The Spring Thunder and After: A Survey of the Maoist and Ultra-Leftist Movements in India, 1962-75 . Calcutta: Minerva, 1975. p. 233
  9. ↑ The Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses Journal , Vol. 7. The Institute, 1974. p. 54
  10. ↑ Basu, Pradip. Towards Naxalbari (1953-1967): An Account of Inner-Party Ideological Struggle . Calcutta: Progressive Publishers, 2000. pp. 48, 83, 93
  11. ↑ Rao, M. S. A. Peasant and Backward Classes Movements . New Delhi: South Asia Books, 1979. p. 24
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