Lance Grande

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Lance Grande
Lance Grande.jpg
Born (1951-02-16) February 16, 1951 (age 72)
Academic background
EducationBS Geology, 1976; MS Geology/Zoology, 1979; PhD Evolutionary Biology, 1983
Doctoral advisorGareth Nelson
Donn Rosen

Roger Lansing Grande (born February 16, 1951), more commonly known as Lance Grande, is an evolutionary biologist and curatorial scientist. His research and work is focused on Paleontology, Ichthyology, Systematics and Evolution. [1] He is well known for his work on the paleontology of the Green River Formation [2] [3] and for his detailed monographs on the comparative anatomy and evolution of ray-finned fishes. [4] [5] He has also published books on broader issues, engaging larger audiences on the importance of the natural and the social sciences. [6] [7]

Contents

Grande has won the PROSE award for Professional and Scholarly Excellence from the Association of American Publishers twice, for his books Gems and Gemstones and The Lost World of Fossil Lake. [8] [9] In 2012, he won the Robert H. Gibbs, Jr. Memorial Award from the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists "for an Outstanding Body of Published Work in Systematic Biology." [10] In 2013, he was appointed as the Field Museum of Natural History's first Distinguished Service Curator, after serving eight and a half years as head of the museum's Collections and Research division and museum Senior Vice President. In 2018, he received the Honorary Lifetime Achievement Award from the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology. Grande received numerous research grants from National Science Foundation, Negaunee Foundation and Tawani Foundation. [11] [12] He named over 70 new species and higher taxa, publishing over 150 scientific books, monographs, and shorter papers. [13] By 2023, six different species had been named in his honor by various authors in scientific articles, including one Ordovician crinoid species [14] , three Eocene bird species [15] [16] [17] , and two Cretaceous fish species [18] [19]

Early life and education

Grande grew up in Richfield, Minnesota. He developed an early interest in the natural world as a hobby. He collected fishes from a local pond, and rocks and fossils from local gravel pits. He worked his way through college for his bachelor's and master's degrees, working a variety of jobs ranging from US Army medic to working in a department store. He started with an Economics/Business major, but by the end of his junior year he had switched to natural history. [20]

Grande received a BS in geology in 1976 and a double MS in Geology and Zoology in 1979 from the University of Minnesota. His master's thesis was on a group of 40 million- to 58 million-year-old fossil localities in western North America collectively known as the Green River Formation. [20] [2] In late 1978, he submitted part of his thesis to be published as a book, attracting the attention of Colin Patterson at the Natural History Museum in London. Patterson recommended him to his colleagues Gareth Nelson and Donn Rosen at the American Museum of Natural History in New York. As a consequence of that recommendation, Grande received a fellowship for a PhD program through the American Museum and the City University of New York under the guidance of Nelson and Rosen. Grande moved to New York and began the program in 1979 and received a PhD in evolutionary biology in 1983. [20] His published Masters thesis later became an important work on the Green River Formation that by 2004 had gone through two editions and four printings.

Career

In 1983, Grande was hired by the Field Museum in Chicago as curator of fossil fishes, where he continued working for the next several decades. Over the years he has been a content specialist for some of the Field Museum's most successful exhibits, including Evolving Planet [21] and The Grainger Hall of Gems. [22] He has led over 60 expeditions to prospect for and collect fossils in Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, and Mexico. During his curatorship the fossil fish collection more than doubled in size. [20] Over much of his research career, Grande collaborated with Willy Bemis, [23] on the comparative anatomy and evolution of ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii). Grande and Bemis built an integrative project lasting more than 15 years in an attempt to better understand the base of the evolutionary tree for ray-finned fishes. With funding from the National Science Foundation, they traveled to 12 different countries and 14 different states to study museum collections, resulting in a number of influential publications. A 1998 article in Science magazine called their collaborative work "a model of what should be done to carry comparative biology [into] the 21st century." [24] They also published a comparative anatomy text book with two other coauthors that was adopted by many universities across the United States. [25]

Grande served as Senior Vice President of Field Museum and head of Collections and Research from 2004 through 2013. In 2008 he received the James A. Lovell Award from the Planetary Studies Foundation for helping to create The Robert A. Pritzker Center for Meteoritic and Polar Studies at the Field Museum. [26]

Grande is an adjunct professor at the University of Illinois at Chicago, a lecturer at the University of Chicago, and a research associate at the American Museum of Natural History in New York. He was one of the founding members on the executive committee for The Encyclopedia of Life [27] from 2010 through 2013. He also serves on the board of trustees for The Chicago Council of Science and Technology (founding member and chair of programming committee), [28] on the Visiting Committee for the Graham School of Continuing Liberal and Professional Studies, where he was a founding member, and on the University of Chicago Committee on Evolutionary Biology. [29]

Books

For the bulk of his career, Grande wrote monographs and articles targeting other scientists and graduate students. During his time as an administrator of the Field Museum, he came to realize that many people did not understand the role and importance of natural history museum research scientists. [30] As a result, in 2009 he began publishing books aimed at broader audiences about the importance and appeal of science and natural history museum research. [31] [32] His first book on the topic was entitled Gems and Gemstones: Timeless Natural Beauty of the Mineral World, which was published in 2009 with co-author Allison Augustyn. A second book entitled The Lost World of Fossil Lake: Snapshots from Deep Time was published in 2013. [33] [34] Both books won the American Publisher's Award for Professional and Scholarly Excellence.

In 2017, he published Curators: Behind the Scenes of Natural History Museums. Kirkus Reviews wrote that the book is "certain to appeal to aspiring curators as well as anyone who has wondered what goes on behind the exhibitions." [35] On the book's back cover, the Director of the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History wrote, "Lance Grande has lived his life as a natural history museum curator, a profession that emerged in the nineteenth century. His memoir shines a bright light on this profession, its roots, and its place in the twenty-first century"

In 2024, he published "The Evolution of Religions. A History of Related Traditions." This book advocates for the use of modern evolutionary theory and philosophy to decipher the deep history of culture, using history of religion studies as a test case. It points out that modern evolutionary analysis is simply a search for group relationships and diversification patterns over time, rather than the older, more subjective notion of searching for innate "ladders of progress". The book contains a timely plea for a broader pluralistic tolerance and understanding of cultural diversity, and contends that this could forestall the extinction of our own species.

Awards and honors

Bibliography

Books

Scientific monographs

Selected Scientific Journal and Magazine Articles

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Acipenseriformes</span> Order of fishes

Acipenseriformes is an order of basal ray-finned fishes that includes living and fossil sturgeons and paddlefishes (Acipenseroidei), as well as the extinct families Chondrosteidae and Peipiaosteidae. They are the second earliest diverging group of living ray-finned fish after the bichirs. Despite being early diverging, they are highly derived, having only weakly ossified skeletons that are mostly made of cartilage, and in modern representatives highly modified skulls.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vertebrate paleontology</span> Scientific study of prehistoric vertebrates

Vertebrate paleontology is the subfield of paleontology that seeks to discover, through the study of fossilized remains, the behavior, reproduction and appearance of extinct vertebrates. It also tries to connect, by using the evolutionary timeline, the animals of the past and their modern-day relatives.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chinese paddlefish</span> Extinct species of fish

The Chinese paddlefish, also known as the Chinese swordfish, is an extinct species of fish that was formerly native to the Yangtze and Yellow River basins in China. With records of specimens over three metres and possibly 7 m (23 ft) in length, it was one of the largest species of freshwater fish. It was the only species in the genus Psephurus and one of two recent species of paddlefish (Polyodontidae), the other being the American paddlefish. It was an anadromous species, meaning that it spent part of its adult life at sea, while migrating upriver to spawn.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alfred Romer</span> American paleontologist

Alfred Sherwood Romer was an American paleontologist and biologist and a specialist in vertebrate evolution.

<i>Chondrosteus</i> Extinct genus of fishes

Chondrosteus is a genus of extinct actinopterygian belonging to the family Chondrosteidae. It lived during the Sinemurian in what is now England. Chondrosteus is related to sturgeons and paddlefishes as part of the clade Acipenseriformes. Similar to sturgeons, the jaws of Chondrosteus were free from the rest of the skull. Its scale cover was reduced to the upper lobe of the caudal fin like in paddlefish.

Gyrosteus is an extinct genus of very large ray-finned fish belonging to the family Chondrosteidae. It comprises the type species, Gyrosteus mirabilis, which lived during the early Toarcian in what is now northern Europe. A possible second species, "Gyrosteus" subdeltoideus, is known from otoliths.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">William King Gregory</span> American zoologist

William King Gregory was an American zoologist, renowned as a primatologist, paleontologist, and functional and comparative anatomist. He was an expert on mammalian dentition, and a leading contributor to theories of evolution. In addition he was active in presenting his ideas to students and the general public through books and museum exhibits.

Palaeopsephurus is an extinct genus of paddlefish (Polyodontidae). At present the genus contains the single species Palaeopsephurus wilsoni. The genus is known from the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) aged Hell Creek Formation of Montana.

Stichopterus is an extinct genus of chondrostean ray-finned fish that lived during the Early Cretaceous epoch in Asia. It has been found in Russia and Mongolia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Halecostomi</span> Group of ray-finned fishes

Halecostomi is the name of a group of neopterygian fish uniting the halecomorphs and the teleosts, the largest group of extant ray-finned fish.

<i>Strongylosteus</i> Extinct genus of fishes

Strongylosteus is an extinct genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish that lived during the early Toarcian age of the Early Jurassic epoch. Its type species is Strongylosteus hindenburgi (monotypy). It is related to modern sturgeon and paddlefish (Acipenseroidei), but with a different kind of mouth than common species, made for hunting prey in open waters, with a strong lower jaw, similar to modern beluga sturgeon.

<i>Peipiaosteus</i> Extinct genus of fishes

Peipiaosteus is an extinct genus of prehistoric chondrostean ray-finned fish. Its fossils are found in the Early Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation, Pani Lake, Liaoning Province, China.

Richard Hall Tedford was Curator Emeritus in the Department of Vertebrate Paleontology of the American Museum of Natural History in New York City, having been named as curator in 1969.

The Daniel Giraud Elliot Medal is awarded by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences "for meritorious work in zoology or paleontology study published in a three- to five-year period." Named after Daniel Giraud Elliot, it was first awarded in 1917.

Bradley Curtis Livezey was an American ornithologist with scores of publications. His main research included the evolution of flightless birds, the systematics of birds, and the ecology and behaviour of steamer ducks.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Halecomorphi</span> Clade of fishes

Halecomorphi is a taxon of ray-finned bony fish in the clade Neopterygii. The only extant Halecomorph species are the bowfin and eyespot bowfin, but the group contains many extinct species in several families in the order Amiiformes, as well as the extinct orders Ionoscopiformes, Panxianichthyiformes, and Parasemionotiformes. The fossil record of halecomorphs goes back at least to the Early Triassic epoch.

Melvius is a genus of vidalamiin amiid fish from the Late Cretaceous. The type species, Melvius thomasi, was described by Bryant in 1987 from Hell Creek Formation. A second species Melvius chauliodous, was named and described by Hall and Wolburg in 1989 from Kirtland Formation, and it is now considered to be one of the index taxa of the Kirtlandian land-vertebrate age. Both species of Melvius were very large at its size. A vertebral remain of M. thomasi would belongs to fish with standard length of 161 cm (5.28 ft), and there are some specimens exceeds height of that vertebra. Total length of this species would be at least 193–205 cm (6.33–6.73 ft). However, M. thomasi would be a “dwarf” compared to M. chauliodous, a specimen of M. chauliodous with abdominal centra which is 6.57 cm (2.59 in) wide would indicate standard length over 2 m (6.6 ft), and there is even larger abdominal centra which is 7.3 cm (2.9 in) wide.

<i>Crossopholis</i> Extinct genus of fishes

Crossopholis is an extinct fish known from the early Eocene (Ypresian) of North America, approximately 52 million years ago. It is a close relative of the contemporary American paddlefish, belonging to the paddlefish family Polyodontidae.

Maliamia is an extinct genus of amiid ray-finned fish from the Early Eocene, known from fragmentary remains found in the Tamaguélelt Formation of Mali. It was described in 1989, based on fossils recovered by three separate expeditions in 1975, 1979–80, and 1981. The type species is Maliamia gigas, named in reference to its large size.

Parapsephurus is an extinct genus of paddlefish in the family Polyodontidae. Currently the only known species in this genus is the type species, Parapsephurus willybemisi.P. willybemisi is known a nearly complete specimen from the Tanis locality of the Hell Creek Formation in North Dakota, USA, which dates to the late Maastrichtian stage of the Late Cretaceous, approximately 66 million years ago.

References

  1. ↑ "Lance Grande - The Negaunee Distinguished Service Curator".
  2. 1 2 Grande, L. 1984. Paleontology of the Green River Formation, with a review of the Fish Fauna. Second Edition. Bulletin 63, The Geological Survey of Wyoming. 334 pages.
  3. ↑ "The Lost World of Fossil Lake: Snapshots from Deep Time by Lance Grande".
  4. ↑ Grande, L. and W. E. Bemis, 1998. A comprehensive phylogenetic study of amiid fishes (Amiidae) based on comparative skeletal anatomy. An empirical search for interconnected patterns of natural history. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir 4, pp. 1-690.
  5. ↑ Grande, L. 2010. An empirical synthetic pattern study of gars and closely related species (Lepisosteiformes) based mostly on skeletal anatomy: The resurrection of Holostei. American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists, Special Publication 7: 1-874.
  6. ↑ Grande, L. 2017. Curators: Behind the Scenes of Natural History Museums. University of Chicago Press.
  7. ↑ Grande, L. 2024. The Evolution of Religions. A History of Related Traditions. Columbia University Press.
  8. ↑ "Lance Grande's The Lost World of Fossil Lake".
  9. 1 2 3 "Prose Award Winners".
  10. ↑ "Robert H. Gibbs, Jr. Memorial Award for Excellence in Systematic Ichthyology". Archived from the original on 2017-07-09. Retrieved 2018-01-16.
  11. ↑ Grande, L. 2017. Curators: Behind the Scenes of Natural History Museums. ISBN   978-0-226-19275-8.
  12. ↑ "CURATORS: BEHIND THE SCENES OF NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUMS WITH LANCE GRANDE".
  13. ↑ "Google Scholar".
  14. ↑ Brower, J. 1995. Eoparisocrinid crinoids from the Middle Ordovician (Galena Group) of northern Iowa and southern Minnesota. Journal of Paleontology 69(2):351-366.
  15. ↑ Nesbite, S. and J. Clark. 2016. The anatomy and taxonomy of the exquisitely preserved Green River Formation (early Eocene) lithornids (Aves) and the relationships of Lithornithidae. American Museum of Natural History, Bulletin 406.
  16. ↑ Smith, N., A. Debee, and J. Clark. 2018. Systematics and phylogeny of the Zygodactylidae (Aves, Neognathidae) with description of a new species from the early Eocene of Wyoming. USA PeerJ. 2018:6:e4950.
  17. ↑ Musser, G. and J. Clark. 2020 An Exceptionally Preserved Specimen from the Green River Formation Elicidates Complex Phenotypic Evolutionary Gruiformes and Charadriformes. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. Vol. 8, article 559929.
  18. ↑ Brownstein, C. and T. Lyson. 2022. Giant Gar from directly above the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary suggests healthy freshwater ecosystems existed within thousands of years of the asteroid impoact. Biology Letters 18(6)
  19. ↑ Cooper, S., et al. 2023. A new fully marine, short snouted lepisosteid gar from the Upper Cretaceous (Turonian) of North Africa. Cretaceous Research 151.
  20. 1 2 3 4 Grande, L. 2017. Curators: Behind the Scenes of Natural History Museums ISBN   978-0-226-19275-8.
  21. ↑ "Evolving Planet".
  22. ↑ "Grainger Hall of Gems".
  23. ↑ "William E. Bemis".
  24. ↑ Janvier, P. 1998. Bowfins and the Revenge of Comparative Biology. Science 281:1150.
  25. ↑ Liem, K. F., W. E. Bemis, W. F. Walker, and L. Grande, 2001. Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (third edition). Saunders College Publishers, Fort Worth Pp. 1-810.
  26. 1 2 Grande, L. 2017. Curators: Behind the Scenes of Natural History Museums. Pg. 228. ISBN   978-0-226-19275-8.
  27. ↑ "Encyclopedia of Life".
  28. ↑ "Board of Directors".
  29. ↑ "FACULTY".
  30. ↑ Grande, L. 2017. Curators: Behind the Scenes of Natural History Museums. Pp. 339-247. ISBN   978-0-226-19275-8.
  31. ↑ "Lance Grande book event a success".
  32. ↑ "Natural history: Backstage at the museum".
  33. ↑ "The Lost World of Fossil Lake".
  34. ↑ "Scientific American review".
  35. ↑ "CURATORS".
  36. ↑ "Award Announcements". Copeia. 2013: 2–7. 2013. doi:10.1643/OT-12-161. S2CID   198152313.
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