Lara Buchak

Last updated
Lara Buchak
Born1981
Education Princeton University (PhD), Harvard College (AB)
Era 21st-century philosophy
Region Western philosophy
Institutions Princeton University
Academic advisors Philip Noel Pettit, Adam Newman Elga
Main interests
decision-making

Lara Buchak (born 1981) is an American philosopher and Professor of Philosophy at Princeton University. She is known for her works on decision-making. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8]

Contents

Books

Related Research Articles

Rationality is the quality of being guided by or based on reasons. In this regard, a person acts rationally if they have a good reason for what they do or a belief is rational if it is based on strong evidence. This quality can apply to an ability, as in rational animal, to a psychological process, like reasoning, to mental states, such as beliefs and intentions, or to persons who possess these other forms of rationality. A thing that lacks rationality is either arational, if it is outside the domain of rational evaluation, or irrational, if it belongs to this domain but does not fulfill its standards.

A heuristic, or heuristic technique, is any approach to problem solving or self-discovery that employs a practical method that is not guaranteed to be optimal, perfect, or rational, but is nevertheless sufficient for reaching an immediate, short-term goal or approximation. Where finding an optimal solution is impossible or impractical, heuristic methods can be used to speed up the process of finding a satisfactory solution. Heuristics can be mental shortcuts that ease the cognitive load of making a decision.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Behavioral economics</span> Academic discipline

Behavioral economics studies the effects of psychological, cognitive, emotional, cultural and social factors in the decisions of individuals or institutions, and how these decisions deviate from those implied by classical economic theory.

In developmental psychology and moral, political, and bioethical philosophy, autonomy is the capacity to make an informed, uncoerced decision. Autonomous organizations or institutions are independent or self-governing. Autonomy can also be defined from a human resources perspective, where it denotes a level of discretion granted to an employee in his or her work. In such cases, autonomy is known to generally increase job satisfaction. Self-actualized individuals are thought to operate autonomously of external expectations. In a medical context, respect for a patient's personal autonomy is considered one of many fundamental ethical principles in medicine.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alasdair MacIntyre</span> Scottish philosopher (born 1929)

Alasdair Chalmers MacIntyre is a Scottish-American philosopher who has contributed to moral and political philosophy as well as history of philosophy and theology. MacIntyre's After Virtue (1981) is one of the most important works of Anglophone moral and political philosophy in the 20th century. He is senior research fellow at the Centre for Contemporary Aristotelian Studies in Ethics and Politics (CASEP) at London Metropolitan University, Emeritus Professor of Philosophy at the University of Notre Dame, and permanent senior distinguished research fellow at the Notre Dame Center for Ethics and Culture. During his lengthy academic career, he also taught at Brandeis University, Duke University, Vanderbilt University, and Boston University.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Philosophy and economics</span> Branch of philosophy

Philosophy and economics studies topics such as public economics, behavioural economics, rationality, justice, history of economic thought, rational choice, the appraisal of economic outcomes, institutions and processes, the status of highly idealized economic models, the ontology of economic phenomena and the possibilities of acquiring knowledge of them.

David Schmidtz is a Canadian-American philosopher. He is Presidential Chair of Moral Science at West Virginia University's Chambers College of Business and Economics. He is also editor-in-chief of the journal Social Philosophy & Policy. Previously, he was Kendrick Professor of Philosophy and Eller Chair of Service-Dominant Logic at the University of Arizona. While at Arizona, he founded and served as inaugural head of the Department of Political Economy and Moral Science.

Rational egoism is the principle that an action is rational if and only if it maximizes one's self-interest. As such, it is considered a normative form of egoism, though historically has been associated with both positive and normative forms. In its strong form, rational egoism holds that to not pursue one's own interest is unequivocally irrational. Its weaker form, however, holds that while it is rational to pursue self-interest, failing to pursue self-interest is not always irrational.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">T. M. Scanlon</span> American philosopher

Thomas Michael "Tim" Scanlon, usually cited as T. M. Scanlon, is an American philosopher. At the time of his retirement in 2016, he was the Alford Professor of Natural Religion, Moral Philosophy, and Civil Polity in Harvard University's Department of Philosophy, where he had taught since 1984. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 2018.

Robert N. Audi is an American philosopher whose major work has focused on epistemology, ethics, rationality and the theory of action. He is O'Brien Professor of Philosophy at the University of Notre Dame, and previously held a chair in the business school there. His 2005 book, The Good in the Right, updates and strengthens Rossian intuitionism and develops the epistemology of ethics. He has also written important works of political philosophy, particularly on the relationship between church and state. He is a past president of the American Philosophical Association and the Society of Christian Philosophers.

In psychology, economics and philosophy, preference is a technical term usually used in relation to choosing between alternatives. For example, someone prefers A over B if they would rather choose A than B. Preferences are central to decision theory because of this relation to behavior. Some methods such as Ordinal Priority Approach use preference relation for decision-making. As connative states, they are closely related to desires. The difference between the two is that desires are directed at one object while preferences concern a comparison between two alternatives, of which one is preferred to the other.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Martin Bunzl</span> American philosopher

Martin Bunzl is professor of philosophy emeritus at Rutgers University in New Brunswick, NJ, where he directed the Rutgers Initiative in Climate and Social Policy from 2007 to 2011.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Elizabeth S. Anderson</span> American philosopher (born 1959)

Elizabeth Secor Anderson is an American philosopher. She is Arthur F. Thurnau Professor and John Dewey Distinguished University Professor of Philosophy and Women's Studies at the University of Michigan and specializes in political philosophy, ethics, and feminist philosophy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Miriam Solomon</span> American philosopher

Miriam Solomon is Professor of Philosophy and Chair of the Philosophy Department as well as Affiliated Professor of Women's Studies at Temple University. Solomon's work focuses on the philosophy of science, social epistemology, medical epistemology, medical ethics, and gender and science. Besides her academic appointments, she has published two books and a large number of peer reviewed journal articles, and she has served on the editorial boards of a number of major journals.

Prasanta Kumar Pattanaik, is an Indian-American emeritus professor at the Department of Economics at the University of California. He is a Fellow of the Econometric Society.

Ursula Charlotte Macgillivray Coope FBA is a British classical scholar, who is an expert in the study of the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle's physics, metaphysics, and ethics, as well as on Neoplatonism. She is Professor of Ancient Philosophy at the University of Oxford.

Tzachi Zamir is an Israeli philosopher and literary critic specialising in the philosophy of literature, the philosophy of theatre, and animal ethics. He is Professor of English and General & Comparative Literature at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Economic ethics</span> Application of ethical principles to economic phenomena

Economic ethics is the combination of economics and ethics that unites value judgements from both disciplines to predict, analyze, and model economic phenomena. It encompasses the theoretical ethical prerequisites and foundations of economic systems. This particular school of thought dates back to the Greek philosopher Aristotle, whose Nicomachean Ethics describes the connection between objective economic principles and the consideration of justice. The academic literature on economic ethics is extensive, citing authorities such as natural law and religious law as influences on normative rules in economics. The consideration of moral philosophy, or that of a moral economy, is a point of departure in assessing behavioural economic models. The standard creation, application, and beneficiaries of economic models present a complex trilemma when ethics are considered. These ideas, in conjunction with the fundamental assumption of rationality in economics, create the link between economics and ethics.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nir Eyal (bioethicist)</span>

Nir Eyal is a bioethicist and Henry Rutgers Professor of Bioethics and Director of the Center for Population–Level Bioethics at Rutgers University in New Jersey. He was formerly a bioethicist in the Department of Global Health and Population of the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and the Department of Global Health and Social Medicine of the Harvard Medical School. He has long worked closely with Harvard bioethicist Daniel Wikler. Eyal's current visibility concerns his role in studying the ethics of human challenge trials in HIV, malaria, and coronavirus vaccine development. He has also written on 'bystander risks' during pandemics and infectious diseases and contract tracing during ebola.

James P. Sterba is an American philosopher who specializes in ethics, political philosophy and philosophy of religion.

References

  1. Ahmad, Arif. "Book review: Lara Buchak // risk and rationality" (PDF). British Journal for the Philosophy of Science.
  2. Briggs, Rachael (9 March 2015). "Review of Risk and Rationality". NDPR. ISSN   1538-1617.
  3. Collins, John (2 October 2015). "Risk and Rationality, by Buchak, Lara: Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013, pp. xii + 256, £40 (hardback)". Australasian Journal of Philosophy. 93 (4): 825–828. doi:10.1080/00048402.2015.1029500. ISSN   0004-8402.
  4. Joyce, James M. (1 September 2017). "Commentary on Lara Buchak's risk and rationality". Philosophical Studies. 174 (9): 2385–2396. doi:10.1007/s11098-017-0905-6. ISSN   1573-0883.
  5. Stefánsson, H. Orri (July 2014). "Risk and Rationality, Lara Buchak. Oxford University Press, 2013, xii + 256 pages". Economics & Philosophy. 30 (2): 252–260. doi:10.1017/S0266267114000200. ISSN   0266-2671.
  6. Doorn, N (2015). "Book review: Lara Buchak. risk and rationality and Martin Peterson". Ethical Perspectives: journal of the European Ethics Network. 22: 217–219. ISSN   1370-0049.
  7. Evans, Nicholas G. (14 November 2022). "Ethics and Risk Distribution for Autonomous Vehicles". Autonomous Vehicle Ethics. Oxford University PressNew York: 7–C1.N24. doi:10.1093/oso/9780197639191.003.0001.
  8. Orri, Stefánsson (2014). "Risk and Rationality, Lara Buchak. Oxford University Press, 2013, xii + 256 pages". Economics and Philosophy. 30 (2): 252–260.