Laurence Manning Academy

Last updated

Laurence Manning Academy is a private school in Manning, South Carolina. It was founded as a White-only school shortly after the integration of public schools and remains almost completely White. [1] [2] [3]

Contents

History

In 1972, organizers chose the name Laurence Manning after revolutionary war hero Laurence Manning, the grandfather of John Laurence Manning, for whom the town was named. [4] Laurence Manning Academy was first accredited by SCISA in 1973, an organization that was setup to legitimize segregation academies. [5]

In 1979 two students at another private school in Manning burned LMA's main building to the ground. [6] [7]

As of 1990, the IRS had still not granted tax-exempt status to LMA because it was considered a segregated school. [8]

Demographics

As of the 2019–2020 school year, 890 of 927 or 96% of students in Kindergarten through grade 12 were White while 23, or less than 2.5% were Black. [9] The public school district, Clarendon 02, had a student body population that was 47% Black and 46% White. [10]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Manning, South Carolina</span> City in South Carolina, United States

Manning is a city in and the county seat of Clarendon County, South Carolina, United States. The population was 3,245 as of the 2010 census, with an estimated population in 2018 of 3,941. It was named after former South Carolina governor John Laurence Manning.

Briggs v. Elliott, 342 U.S. 350 (1952), on appeal from the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of South Carolina, challenged school segregation in Summerton, South Carolina. It was the first of the five cases combined into Brown v. Board of Education (1954), the famous case in which the U.S. Supreme Court declared racial segregation in public schools to be unconstitutional by violating the Fourteenth Amendment's Equal Protection Clause. Following the Brown decision, the district court issued a decree that struck down the school segregation law in South Carolina as unconstitutional and required the state's schools to integrate. Harry and Eliza Briggs, Reverend Joseph A. DeLaine, and Levi Pearson were awarded Congressional Gold Medals posthumously in 2003.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">George Walton Academy</span> Segregation academy (former) school in Monroe, Georgia, United States

George Walton Academy (GWA) is a pre-Kindergarten through twelfth grade private school in Monroe, Georgia. It was established in 1969 as a segregation academy in response to school integration in the United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Segregation academy</span> Segregationist private schools in the US

Segregation academies are private schools in the Southern United States that were founded in the mid-20th century by white parents to avoid having their children attend desegregated public schools. They were founded between 1954, when the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that segregated public schools were unconstitutional, and 1976, when the court ruled similarly about private schools.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cape Fear Academy</span> Private school in Wilmington, North Carolina, United States

Cape Fear Academy is a private, coeducational PK3–12 school in Wilmington, North Carolina, that was established on September 11, 1967, as a segregation academy. It was named for Cape Fear Military Academy, an independent school for boys in Wilmington that operated from 1868 until 1916. The present school's first class graduated in 1971.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">First Presbyterian Day School</span> Private day school in Macon, Georgia USA

First Presbyterian Day School (FPD) is a private, college-preparatory Christian day school in Macon, Georgia, United States. FPD was founded in 1970 by Macon's First Presbyterian Church and has been described at the time of its founding as a segregation academy.

North Florida Christian School (NFCS) is a private Christian school in Tallahassee, Florida, originally founded as a segregation academy. The school is administered by North Florida Baptist Church, formerly known as Temple Baptist Church.

Lee Academy, formerly Robert E. Lee Academy, is a co-educational private school in Bishopville, South Carolina, United States. It was established in 1965 as a segregation academy and continued to serve an overwhelmingly white student body in the 2000s, with only three black students among a student body of more than 250 in 2018.

Hillcrest Christian School is a private Christian school in Jackson, Mississippi, United States. The school traces its history to a segregation academy founded by the White Citizens Council.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hammond School (South Carolina)</span> Private school in Columbia, South Carolina, United States

Hammond School, originally James H. Hammond Academy, is a pre-K through 12 private school in Columbia, South Carolina. The school, which was founded in 1966 as a segregation academy, is known for its athletic and academic accomplishments. The school's namesake, James Henry Hammond – a brutal slaveholder known for his sexual exploitation of enslaved women – has been a source of enduring controversy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wake Christian Academy</span> Private school in Raleigh, North Carolina, United States

Wake Christian Academy (WCA) is a private, Christian, co-educational school in Raleigh, North Carolina, United States. It was established in 1966 as a segregation academy in response to the racial integration of public schools.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Claiborne Academy</span> Segregation academy near Haynesville, Louisiana

Claiborne Academy is a private, non-profit, pre-kindergarten through 12th grade school located in unincorporated Claiborne Parish, Louisiana, between Haynesville and Homer. It was founded in 1969 as a segregation academy. Their nickname is the Rebels, the school newspaper is the Rebel Yell, and their school symbol is the Confederate battle flag.

Manning High School is one of two high schools in Manning, South Carolina, United States. It is part of the Clarendon County's Clarendon County School District 2 and serves grades 9–12. Manning High School has approximately 870 students instructed by 39 teachers. The student body is predominantly black and a majority are eligible to receive free lunches.

Strider Academy was a PK-12 school in Tallahatchie County, Mississippi, United States, which operated from 1971 until 2018. The school was established in 1971 as a segregation academy to allow white parents to avoid sending their children to racially integrated public schools. The school was sited on Mississippi Highway 32, about 10 miles (16 km) west of Charleston and about 8 miles (13 km) north of Tippo. The school ceased operations at the end of the 2017–18 school year.

Thomas Heyward Academy is a private school located in Ridgeland, South Carolina. The school, founded as a segregation academy in 1970, was named after Thomas Heyward Jr., a signer of the Declaration of Independence and Articles of Confederation who was a native of Ridgeland. The schools nickname is The Rebels.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wilcox Academy</span> Private school in Camden, Wilcox County, Alabama, United States

Wilcox Academy is an independent school in Camden, Alabama. It is accredited by the Alabama Independent School Association and the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. The school has been described as a segregation academy.

The South Carolina Independent School Association (SCISA) is a school accrediting organization. It was founded in South Carolina in 1965 to legitimize segregation academies.

Lee Academy is a grade 7–12 private school in Clarksdale, Mississippi. The school opened in 1970 as a segregation academy, with an initial enrollment of 654 students. In 1970, when Clarksdale submitted to integration, the public schools closed for an "integration break". When they reopened after a one-day hiatus, nearly all of the white students transferred to Lee or other segregation academies.

Beaufort Academy (BA) is a Pre-K through 12 independent school located in Lady's Island, South Carolina, United States. Beaufort Academy is a member of the South Carolina Independent School Association (SCISA), a school accrediting organization that was founded in 1965 to legitimize segregation academies. As of 1982, the school had never had a Black student, insisting that none had ever applied.

Prior to the civil rights movement in South Carolina, African Americans in the state had very few political rights. South Carolina briefly had a majority-black government during the Reconstruction era after the Civil War, but with the 1876 inauguration of Governor Wade Hampton III, a Democrat who supported the disenfranchisement of blacks, African Americans in South Carolina struggled to exercise their rights. Poll taxes, literacy tests, and intimidation kept African Americans from voting, and it was virtually impossible for someone to challenge the Democratic Party, which ran unopposed in most state elections for decades. By 1940, the voter registration provisions written into the 1895 constitution effectively limited African-American voters to 3,000—only 0.8 percent of those of voting age in the state.

References

  1. ↑ Baker, Robert Joseph (June 9, 2016). "Manning Training School alumni dedicate historic plaque" . Retrieved 6 August 2020.
  2. ↑ Canup, William Shane (2015). "The Geography of Public-Private School Choice and Race: A Case Study of Sumter, Clarendon, and Lee Counties, South Carolina" (PDF). Retrieved 6 August 2020. Laurence Manning Academy tends to fit the general profile of a segregation academy, as it was founded during the era of integration, has an predominately white enrollment, and has a general non-denominational Christian affiliation
  3. ↑ Bowman, Kristi L. (2015). The Pursuit of Racial and Ethnic Equality in American Public Schools. ISBN   978-1611861808.
  4. ↑ https://www.newspapers.com/clip/114453034/laurence-manning-academy-in-south-caroli/
  5. ↑ https://www.newspapers.com/clip/114452866/laurence-manning-academy-accredited-by-s/
  6. ↑ https://www.newspapers.com/clip/114453484/two-juveniles-burn-down-laurence-manning/
  7. ↑ https://www.newspapers.com/clip/114453597/laurence-manning-academy-arson-building/
  8. ↑ https://www.newspapers.com/clip/114454334/laurence-manning-academy-still-didnt-ha/
  9. ↑ "NCES school ID 01264142". NCES.ed.gov. Archived from the original on December 11, 2022.
  10. ↑ "NCES Clarendon School District 02". NCES.ed.gov. NCES. Archived from the original on December 11, 2022. Retrieved December 11, 2022.

33°42′33″N80°13′13″W / 33.70915°N 80.22028°W / 33.70915; -80.22028


This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.