Type | Weekly newspaper |
---|---|
Founder(s) | Albert Karasu |
Founded | 1918 |
Language | French |
Ceased publication | 1971 |
Headquarters | |
Country |
Le Journal d'Orient (French: The Gazette of the East) was a long-term weekly newspaper that existed between 1918 and 1971 with a two-year interruption first in the Ottoman Empire and then in Turkey.
Le Journal d'Orient was established by Albert Karasu in 1918 in Constantinople, Ottoman Empire. [1] He was a Jewish journalist from Thessaloniki. [2] Karasu also edited the paper which came out weekly in Istanbul. [3] It ceased publication in 1924, but was restarted in 1926. [4] Le Journal d'Orient permanently folded in 1971. [3]
Major contributors of the paper included Angele Loreley, Willy Sperco, [3] Lea Zolotarevsky, Marsel Shalom, Moshe Benbasat (Benbasan) and Aaron Zonana. [4] The paper had a Zionist political stance at the initial period, but it later faded. [4] Instead, Le Journal d'Orient had a cultural Levantine approach. [3] Following the liberation of İzmir from the Greek invasion in September 1922 and the Treaty of Lausanne on 24 July 1923, the paper began to support Mustafa Kemal's movement which would establish the Republic of Turkey on 29 October 1923. [5]
As of 1923 the paper sold nearly 4,000 copies. [5]
In 2018 a book was published about the newspaper in relation to the social life of minorities in Turkey. [2] [6]
Mustafa Fevzi Çakmak was a Turkish field marshal (Mareşal) and politician. He served as the Chief of General Staff from 1918 and 1919 and later the Minister of War of the Ottoman Empire in 1920. He later joined the provisional Government of the Grand National Assembly and became the Deputy Prime Minister, Minister of National Defense and later as the Prime Minister of Turkey from 1921 to 1922. He was the second Chief of the General Staff of the provisional Ankara Government and the first Chief of the General Staff of the Republic of Turkey.
The history of the Jews in Turkey covers the 2400 years that Jews have lived in what is now Turkey.
The Carasso family was a prominent Sephardic Jewish family in Ottoman Selanik. In the early 20th century, some members of the family were active in the Young Turks and others went on to found the modern yogurt industry.
Halide Nusret Zorlutuna was a Turkish poet and novelist.
Rıza Tevfik Bey was an Ottoman and later Turkish philosopher, poet, politician of liberal signature and a community leader of the late-19th-century and early-20th-century. A polyglot, he is most remembered in Turkey for being one of the four Ottoman signatories of Treaty of Sèvres, for which reason he was included in 1923 among the 150 personae non gratae of Turkey, and he spent 20 years in exile until he was given amnesty by Turkey in 1943.
The occupation of Istanbul or Constantinople, the capital of the Ottoman Empire, by British, French, Italian, and Greek forces, took place in accordance with the Armistice of Mudros, which ended Ottoman participation in the First World War. The first French troops entered the city on 12 November 1918, followed by British troops the next day. The Italian troops landed in Galata on 7 February 1919.
Halid Ziya Uşaklıgil was a Turkish author, poet, and playwright. A part of the Edebiyat-ı Cedide movement of the late Ottoman Empire, he was the founder of and contributor to many literary movements and institutions, including his flagship Servet-i Fünun journal. He was a strong critic of the Sultan Abdul Hamid II, which led to the censorship of much of his work by the Ottoman government. His many novels, plays, short stories, and essays include his 1899 romance novel Aşk-ı Memnu, which has been adapted into an internationally successful television series of the same name.
Emmanuel Carasso or Emanuel Karasu was an Ottoman lawyer and a member of the prominent Sephardic Jewish Carasso family of Ottoman Salonica. He was also a prominent member of the Young Turks. The name is also spelled Karaso, Karassu, Karso, Karsu and Karasso. The form Karasu is a Turkification of his name, meaning literally 'dark water'. Emmanuel's nephew was the physician Isaac Carasso, also Salonica-born Sephardic Jew from the Ottoman Empire, who began producing Danone yogurt in Barcelona, Spain in 1919.
Albert Karasu or Carasso (1885–1982) was a Jewish-Turkish journalist born in Ottoman Salonica.
Hamevasser was a Zionist Hebrew-language weekly newspaper published from Constantinople 1909-1911. As the number of Hebrew literates was limited at the time, the circle of readership of the newspaper was rather limited. However, the publication of the newspaper contributed to enhancing the status of Hebrew in the Jewish community. Hamevasser was distributed in various parts of the Ottoman empire and beyond, reaching Greece, Bulgaria, Tunisia and Morocco. Hamevasser was produced by a small circle of Zionist journalists, and was edited by S. Hochberg.
Serbestî was an Ottoman newspaper. It was founded in 1908 by Mevlanzade Rifat Bey, who in 1924 would become one of the 150 personae non gratae of the newly established Republic of Turkey, because the paper and its founder had an oppositional and hostile stance to the independence movement led by Mustafa Kemal.
By the time the Ottoman Empire rose to power in the 14th and 15th centuries, there had been Jewish communities established throughout the region. The Ottoman Empire lasted from the early 14th century until the end of World War I and covered parts of Southeastern Europe, Anatolia, and much of the Middle East. The experience of Jews in the Ottoman Empire is particularly significant because the region "provided a principal place of refuge for Jews driven out of Western Europe by massacres and persecution."
Bedrifelek Kadın was the third consort of Sultan Abdul Hamid II of the Ottoman Empire.
Nuriye Ulviye Mevlan Civelek was a Turkish women's rights advocate, suffragist, journalist and founder of the first feminist women's magazine and Muslim women's rights organization in Turkey. The magazine was the first to publish a photograph of a Muslim woman.
William Nosworthy Churchill (1796–1846) was a British-born journalist who moved to Turkey aged 19 and caused a diplomatic incident resulting in the temporary severance of diplomatic relations between the United Kingdom and the Ottoman Empire. As an unexpected result he became the founder of the Ceride-i Havadis newspaper.
There were multiple newspapers published in the Ottoman Empire.
L'Aurore was a French language publication which was launched by a Thessaloniki-born Jewish journalist Lucien Sciuto in Istanbul in 1909 and published there until 1923. Sciutto restarted L'Aurore as weekly magazine in Cairo in 1924 which appeared until 1941.
Yeni Dünya was an Ottoman Turkish-language communist journal which existed between 1918 and 1921 in Soviet Russia and Transcaucasia. It is known for its founder and editor, Mustafa Subhi. The journal was instrumental in gathering together the first generation of Turkish communist figures.
Kadın Gazetesi was a weekly publication targeting women besed in Istanbul, Turkey, between 1947 and 1979. It was started as a weekly newspaper, but became a weekly magazine from 1962. It adopted a Kemalist and feminist political stance. It is one of the earliest women's publications with a clear ideology in Turkey.
Tasvîr-i Efkâr was a long term Ottoman newspaper which existed between 1862 and 1925 with some interruptions. The paper was one of the early privately-owned publications in the Ottoman Empire. It is known for its founder İbrahim Şinasi and for its leading editors, including Namık Kemal and Yunus Nadi.