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Hezbollah is a Lebanese Shia Islamist political party and paramilitary group, led since 1992 by its Secretary-General Hassan Nasrallah. Hezbollah's paramilitary wing is the Jihad Council, and its political wing is the Loyalty to the Resistance Bloc party in the Lebanese Parliament.
Hassan Nasrallah is a Lebanese cleric and the secretary-general of Hezbollah, a Shia Islamist political party and militant group.
Imad Fayez Mughniyeh, alias al-Hajj Radwan, was a Lebanese militant leader who was the founding member of Lebanon's Islamic Jihad Organization and number two in Hezbollah's leadership. Information about Mughniyeh is limited, but he is believed to have been Hezbollah's chief of staff and understood to have overseen Hezbollah's military, intelligence, and security apparatuses. He was one of the main founders of Hezbollah in the 1980s. He has been described as "a brilliant military tactician and very elusive". He was often referred to as an ‘untraceable ghost’.
Al-Manar is a Lebanese satellite television station owned and operated by the political party Hezbollah, broadcasting from Beirut, Lebanon. The channel was launched on 4 June 1991 and it is a member of the Arab States Broadcasting Union. The station is considered one of Hezbollah's most important global propaganda tools and reaches around 50 million people.
Al-Nour is a radio station based in Beirut, Lebanon. The station was established on 9 May 1988 and is owned by Hezbollah.
Hezbollah originated within the Shiite block of Lebanese society. According to the CIA World Factbook estimate in 2022, Shiites comprise 31.2 percent of Lebanon's population, predominating in three areas of Lebanon: Southern Lebanon, Beirut and its environs (Dahieh), and the northern Beqaa valley region.
Yousser Company for Finance and Investment is a bank that was part of the first Canadian lawsuit against a bank over terrorist funding.
The Islamic Resistance Support Association is a charity used to raise funds for Hezbollah and pay for the services it offers in Lebanon.
The ideology of Hezbollah has been summarized as Shiite radicalism. Hezbollah was largely formed with the aid of pro-Iran Khomeinists during the early 1980s in order to spread the ideology of the Iranian revolution and follows a distinct version of Twelver Shia political theory of "Velayat-e-faqih" developed by the Iranian cleric Khomeini.
Hezbollah has a Foreign Relations Unit and maintains relations with a number of foreign countries and entities. These are particularly Shia states, but also Sunni groups like those affiliated with the Palestinian cause; and the group is also suggested to have operations outside the Middle East in places such as Latin America and North Korea.
The funding of Hezbollah comes from Lebanese business groups, private persons, businessmen, the Lebanese diaspora involved in African diamond exploration, other Islamic groups and countries, and the taxes paid by the Shia Lebanese. Hezbollah says that the main source of its income comes from its own investment portfolios and donations by Muslims.
Since the Iranian Revolution in 1979, the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran has been accused by several countries of training, financing, and providing weapons and safe havens for non-state militant actors, such as Hezbollah in Lebanon, Hamas in Gaza, and other Palestinian groups such as the Islamic Jihad (IJ) and the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP). These groups are designated terrorist groups by a number of countries and international bodies such as the EU, UN, and NATO; however, Iran considers such groups to be "national liberation movements" with a right to self-defense against Israeli military occupation. These proxies are used by Iran across the Middle East and Europe to foment instability, expand the scope of the Islamic Revolution, and carry out terrorist attacks against Western targets in the regions. Its special operations unit, the Quds Force, is known to provide arms, training, and financial support to militias and political movements across the Middle East, including Bahrain, Iraq, Lebanon, Palestine, Syria, and Yemen.
Mustafa Badreddine, also known as Mustafa Badr Al Din, Mustafa Amine Badreddine, Mustafa Youssef Badreddine, Sami Issa, and Elias Fouad Saab, was a military leader of Hezbollah and both the cousin and brother-in-law of Imad Mughniyeh. He was nicknamed Dhu al-Fiqar referring to the legendary sword of Ali. His death was seen as one of the biggest blows in the Hezbollah leadership.
Hashim Safi Al Din is a Lebanese Shia cleric, senior Hezbollah official and a maternal cousin of the secretary general of Hezbollah, Hassan Nasrallah. He is the head of Hezbollah's Executive Council and a Specially Designated Global Terrorist, and generally considered the "number two" in Hezbollah.
Mohammad Yazbek is a Lebanese cleric. He is one of the Hezbollah founders and the head of the Sharia or religious council of the organization.
The Hezbollah International Financing Prevention Act of 2014 is a bill that would impose sanctions on foreign financial institutions that facilitate transactions or money laundering on behalf of Hezbollah or its agents. Hezbollah is designated a terrorist organization in the United States. Sanctions would also be applied to Hezbollah's television station, Al-Manar.
The Jihad Council of Hezbollah is a council responsible for directing the groups' military and security activities. It also exercises considerable influence over the organization's various civilian branches and maintains ties with external partners, including Iran, a key patron of the group.
Al-Ahed News is a news website based in Beirut, Lebanon. Al-Ahed is owned by Hezbollah. It is available in Arabic, English, French, and Spanish languages.
The Islamic Republic of Iran is a key patron of the Lebanese Shia Islamist militant group and political party Hezbollah.
The Hezbollah-Russia relationship is of several parameters including an economic partnership, weapon trades and military assistance.
References
- ↑ Al-Manar Official site Archived 2010-02-02 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ "Lebanese Communication Group L.C.G. SAL". lebanon.mom-rsf.org. Retrieved 2020-07-10.
- ↑ "Hezbollah's media relations department". Washington Examiner. 2017-08-02. Retrieved 2020-07-10.
- ↑ "Recent OFAC Actions". treasury.gov. Retrieved 2020-07-10.
- ↑ "Hezbollah's media empire". The Meir Amit Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center. 2019-09-03. Retrieved 2020-07-10.
- ↑ Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center (March 23, 2006). "Another limitation placed by the international community on broadcasts emanating from Hezbollah's Al-Manar TV station" (PDF). terrorism-info.org.il/en/.
- ↑ "U.S. Designates Al-Manar as a Specially Designated Global Terrorist Entity Television Station is Arm of Hizballah Terrorist Network". treasury.gov. Retrieved 2020-07-10.
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