Lectionary 44

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Lectionary ℓ44

New Testament manuscript

Name Havniensis 3
Text Apostolos
Date 12th-century
Script Greek
Now at Det Kongelige Bibliotek
Size 26.6 cm by 19.1 cm

Lectionary 44, designated by siglum ℓ44 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering). It is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th-century. [1]

Manuscript document written by hand

A manuscript was, traditionally, any document that is written by hand -- or, once practical typewriters became available, typewritten -- as opposed to being mechanically printed or reproduced in some indirect or automated way. More recently, the term has come to be understood to further include any written, typed, or word-processed copy of an author's work, as distinguished from its rendition as a printed version of the same. Before the arrival of printing, all documents and books were manuscripts. Manuscripts are not defined by their contents, which may combine writing with mathematical calculations, maps, explanatory figures or illustrations. Manuscripts may be in book form, scrolls or in codex format. Illuminated manuscripts are enriched with pictures, border decorations, elaborately embossed initial letters or full-page illustrations. A document should be at least 75 years old to be considered a manuscript.

New Testament Second division of the Christian biblical canon

The New Testament is the second part of the Christian biblical canon, the first part being the Old Testament, based on the Hebrew Bible. The New Testament discusses the teachings and person of Jesus, as well as events in first-century Christianity. Christians regard both the Old and New Testaments together as sacred scripture. The New Testament has frequently accompanied the spread of Christianity around the world. It reflects and serves as a source for Christian theology and morality. Extended readings and phrases directly from the New Testament are incorporated into the various Christian liturgies. The New Testament has influenced religious, philosophical, and political movements in Christendom and left an indelible mark on literature, art, and music.

Palaeography study of ancient writing

Palaeography (UK) or paleography is the study of ancient and historical handwriting. Included in the discipline is the practice of deciphering, reading, and dating historical manuscripts, and the cultural context of writing, including the methods with which writing and books were produced, and the history of scriptoria.

Contents

Description

The codex contains lessons from the Acts of the Apostles and Catholic epistles lectionary (Apostolos), on 195 parchment leaves (26.6 cm by 19.1 cm), with some lacunae. [1] The text is written in two columns per page, 24-26 lines per page, in Greek uncial letters. [2] Some parts were added by two later hands. [3] Added 81-123 leaves are written in one column per page, 30-32 lines per page. [2]

Acts of the Apostles Book of the New Testament

Acts of the Apostles, often referred to simply as Acts, or formally the Book of Acts, is the fifth book of the New Testament; it tells of the founding of the Christian church and the spread of its message to the Roman Empire.

The Catholic epistles are seven epistles of the New Testament. Listed in order of their appearance in the New Testament, the Catholic epistles are:

Lectionary book of scripture readings for a particular day or occasion

A lectionary is a book or listing that contains a collection of scripture readings appointed for Christian or Judaic worship on a given day or occasion. There are sub-types such as a "gospel lectionary" or evangeliary, and an epistolary with the readings from the New Testament Epistles.

In Mark 9:41 in margin note it has textual variant επι τω ονοματι μου supported by the manuscripts of the f13 1344, and syrpal instead of εν ονοματι (Alexandrian mss), εν τω ονοματι μου (D Δ and Caesarean manuscripts) or εν ονοματι μου (Byzantine mss). [4]

Family 13, also known Ferrar Group, is a group of Greek Gospel manuscripts, varying in date from the 11th to the 15th century, which display a distinctive pattern of variant readings — especially placing the story of Jesus and the woman taken in adultery in the Gospel of Luke, rather than in the Gospel of John 7:53-8:11. Text of Luke 22:43-44 is placed after Matt 26:39. The text of Matthew 16:2b–3 is absent. They are all thought to derive from a lost majuscule Gospel manuscript, probably dating from the 7th century. The group takes its name from minuscule 13, now in Paris.

Alexandrian text-type

The Alexandrian text-type, associated with Alexandria, is one of several text-types used in New Testament textual criticism to describe and group the textual characters of biblical manuscripts.

Codex Bezae Handwritten copy of the Bible in Greek

The Codex Bezae Cantabrigensis, designated by siglum Dea or 05, δ 5, is a codex of the New Testament dating from the 5th century written in an uncial hand on vellum. It contains, in both Greek and Latin, most of the four Gospels and Acts, with a small fragment of 3 John. Written one column per page, the codex contains 406 extant parchment leaves measuring 26 x 21.5 cm, with the Greek text on the left face and the Latin text on the right. A digital facsimile of the codex is available from Cambridge University Library, which holds the manuscript.

In John 7:40 it lacks phrase των λογων τουτων, the reading is supported only by minuscule 106 and Syriac Sinaitic. [5]

Minuscule 106, ε 1380 (Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 10th century.

History

The manuscript was bought by Frederic Rostgaard. [2] It was examined and described by C. G. Hensler and Birch. [6] [2]

The manuscript is sporadically cited in the critical editions of the Greek New Testament (UBS3). [7]

Currently the codex is located in the Det Kongelige Bibliotek (GKS 1324, 4°) in Kopenhagen. [1]

See also

Notes and references

  1. 1 2 3 Aland, K.; M. Welte; B. Köster; K. Junack (1994). Kurzgefasste Liste der griechischen Handschriften des Neues Testaments. Berlin, New York: Walter de Gruyter. p. 221. ISBN   3-11-011986-2.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Gregory, Caspar René (1900). Textkritik des Neuen Testaments. 1. Leipzig: J.C. Hinrichs. p. 391.
  3. ↑ F. H. A. Scrivener, "A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament" (George Bell & Sons: London 1861), p. 214.
  4. ↑ Nestle-Aland, Novum Testamentum Graece , 26th edition, p. 120.
  5. ↑ Bruce M. Metzger, A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament, Stuttgart 2001, p. 186.
  6. ↑ Andreas Brich, Variae Lectiones ad Textum Actorum Apostolorum, Epistolarum Catholicarum et Pauli, Copenhagen 1798
  7. ↑ The Greek New Testament, ed. K. Aland, A. Black, C. M. Martini, B. M. Metzger, and A. Wikgren, in cooperation with INTF, United Bible Societies, 3rd edition, (Stuttgart 1983), p. XXX.
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