Lectionary 78

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Lectionary ℓ78

New Testament manuscript

Text Evangelistarion
Date 12th-century
Script Greek
Now at Bibliothèque nationale de France
Size 25.5 cm by 19.1 cm

Lectionary 78, designated by siglum ℓ78 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on vellum leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th-century. [1]

Manuscript document written by hand

A manuscript was, traditionally, any document that is written by hand -- or, once practical typewriters became available, typewritten -- as opposed to being mechanically printed or reproduced in some indirect or automated way. More recently, the term has come to be understood to further include any written, typed, or word-processed copy of an author's work, as distinguished from its rendition as a printed version of the same. Before the arrival of printing, all documents and books were manuscripts. Manuscripts are not defined by their contents, which may combine writing with mathematical calculations, maps, explanatory figures or illustrations. Manuscripts may be in book form, scrolls or in codex format. Illuminated manuscripts are enriched with pictures, border decorations, elaborately embossed initial letters or full-page illustrations. A document should be at least 75 years old to be considered a manuscript.

New Testament Second division of the Christian biblical canon

The New Testament is the second part of the Christian biblical canon, the first part being the Old Testament, based on the Hebrew Bible. The New Testament discusses the teachings and person of Jesus, as well as events in first-century Christianity. Christians regard both the Old and New Testaments together as sacred scripture. The New Testament has frequently accompanied the spread of Christianity around the world. It reflects and serves as a source for Christian theology and morality. Extended readings and phrases directly from the New Testament are incorporated into the various Christian liturgies. The New Testament has influenced religious, philosophical, and political movements in Christendom and left an indelible mark on literature, art, and music.

Palaeography study of ancient writing

Palaeography (UK) or paleography is the study of ancient and historical handwriting. Included in the discipline is the practice of deciphering, reading, and dating historical manuscripts, and the cultural context of writing, including the methods with which writing and books were produced, and the history of scriptoria.

Contents

Description

The codex contains Lessons from the Gospels of John, Matthew, Luke lectionary (Evangelistarium) with some lacunae. It is written in Greek minuscule letters, on only one parchment leaf (25.5 cm by 19.1 cm), in 2 columns per page, 28 lines per page. It contains musical notes. [2] It was supplied in the 14th century on paper leaves. [3]

Gospel of John Books of the New Testament

The Gospel of John is the fourth of the canonical gospels. The work is anonymous, although it identifies an unnamed "disciple whom Jesus loved" as the source of its traditions. It is closely related in style and content to the three Johannine epistles, and most scholars treat the four books, along with the Book of Revelation, as a single corpus of Johannine literature, albeit not from the same author.

Gospel of Matthew Books of the New Testament

The Gospel According to Matthew is the first book of the New Testament and one of the three synoptic gospels. It tells how the promised Messiah, Jesus, rejected by Israel, finally sends the disciples to preach the gospel to the whole world. Most scholars believe it was composed between AD 80 and 90, with a range of possibility between AD 70 to 110. The anonymous author was probably a male Jew, standing on the margin between traditional and non-traditional Jewish values, and familiar with technical legal aspects of scripture being debated in his time. Writing in a polished Semitic "synagogue Greek", he drew on three main sources: the Gospel of Mark, the hypothetical collection of sayings known as the Q source, and material unique to his own community, called the M source or "Special Matthew".

Lectionary book of scripture readings for a particular day or occasion

A lectionary is a book or listing that contains a collection of scripture readings appointed for Christian or Judaic worship on a given day or occasion. There are sub-types such as a "gospel lectionary" or evangeliary, and an epistolary with the readings from the New Testament Epistles.

History

The manuscript was partially examined by Scholz and Paulin Martin. [4] C. R. Gregory saw it in 1885. [2]

Johann Martin Augustin Scholz German orientalist and biblical scholar

Johann Martin Augustin Scholz was a German Roman Catholic orientalist, biblical scholar and academic theologian. He was a professor at the University of Bonn and travelled extensively throughout Europe and the Near East in order to locate manuscripts of the New Testament.

Jean-Pierre-Paulin Martin, often referred to as Abbé Paulin Martin, or simply Abbé Martin or Paulin Martin, was a French Catholic Biblical scholar.

The manuscript is not cited in the critical editions of the Greek New Testament (UBS3). [5]

Currently the codex is located in the Bibliothèque nationale de France (Gr. 298) in Paris. [1]

Bibliothèque nationale de France National Library of France

The Bibliothèque nationale de France is the national library of France, located in Paris. It is the national repository of all that is published in France and also holds extensive historical collections.

Paris Capital of France

Paris is the capital and most populous city of France, with an area of 105 square kilometres and an official estimated population of 2,140,526 residents as of 1 January 2019. Since the 17th century, Paris has been one of Europe's major centres of finance, diplomacy, commerce, fashion, science, and the arts.

See also

Biblical manuscript

A biblical manuscript is any handwritten copy of a portion of the text of the Bible. Biblical manuscripts vary in size from tiny scrolls containing individual verses of the Jewish scriptures to huge polyglot codices containing both the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh) and the New Testament, as well as extracanonical works.

Textual criticism branch of textual scholarship, philology, and literary criticism

Textual criticism is a branch of textual scholarship, philology, and literary criticism that is concerned with the identification of textual variants in either manuscripts or printed books. Scribes can make alterations when copying manuscripts by hand. Given a manuscript copy, several or many copies, but not the original document, the textual critic might seek to reconstruct the original text as closely as possible. The same processes can be used to attempt to reconstruct intermediate versions, or recensions, of a document's transcription history. The objective of the textual critic's work is a better understanding of the creation and historical transmission of texts. This understanding may lead to the production of a "critical edition" containing a scholarly curated text.

Related Research Articles

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Lectionary 11, designated by siglum ℓ11, is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on vellum leaves. Paleographically, it has been assigned to the 13th-century. Formerly, it was known as Codex Regius 309.

Lectionary 14 is designated by siglum ℓ14. It is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on paper leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 16th century.

Lectionary 15, designated by siglum ℓ15. It is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on vellum leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 13th-century.

Lectionary 16, designated by siglum ℓ16. It is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on vellum leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th-century.

Lectionary 39, designated by siglum ℓ39, is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 13th-century.

Lectionary 91, designated by siglum ℓ91, is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on vellum leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 14th century.

Lectionary 92, designated by siglum ℓ92. It is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on cotton paper leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 14th-century.

Lectionary 93, designated by siglum ℓ93, is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on paper leaves. Palaeographically, it has been assigned to the 16th century.

Lectionary 58, designated by siglum ℓ58, is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on paper leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 16th century.

Lectionary 67, designated by siglum ℓ67, is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves. It is a lectionary (Evangelistarion). Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th-century.

Lectionary 71, designated by siglum ℓ71. It is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on vellum leaves. It is dated by a colophon to the year 1066.

Lectionary 75, designated by siglum ℓ75, is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on vellum leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the year 12th-century.

Lectionary 77, designated by siglum ℓ77, is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on vellum leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th-century.

Lectionary 79, designated by siglum ℓ79, is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on vellum leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 14th-century. According to Scrivener it was written in the 12th-century.

Lectionary 85, designated by siglum ℓ85, is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th or 13th-century.

Lectionary 88, designated by siglum ℓ88, is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on paper leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 14th-century.

Lectionary 96, designated by siglum ℓ96, is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on paper leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 16th century.

Lectionary 156, designated by siglum ℓ156 is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves. Paleographically it has been assigned to the 10th century.

Lectionary 158, designated by siglum ℓ158 is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on paper leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 16th century.

References

  1. 1 2 Aland, K.; M. Welte; B. Köster; K. Junack (1994). Kurzgefasste Liste der griechischen Handschriften des Neues Testaments. Berlin, New York: Walter de Gruyter. p. 223. ISBN   3-11-011986-2.
  2. 1 2 Gregory, Caspar René (1900). Textkritik des Neuen Testaments. 1. Leipzig: J.C. Hinrichs. p. 394.
  3. ↑ Scrivener, Frederick Henry Ambrose; Edward Miller (1894). A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament . 1 (4 ed.). London: George Bell & Sons. p. 333.
  4. ↑ Jean-Pierre-Paul Martin, Description technique des manuscrits grecs, relatif au N. T., conservé dans les bibliothèques des Paris (Paris 1883), p. 154
  5. ↑ The Greek New Testament, ed. K. Aland, A. Black, C. M. Martini, B. M. Metzger, and A. Wikgren, in cooperation with INTF, United Bible Societies, 3rd edition, (Stuttgart 1983), pp. XXVIII, XXX.


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