Related Research Articles
Orangeburg,also known as The Garden City,is the principal city in and the county seat of Orangeburg County,South Carolina,United States. The population of the city was 13,964 according to the 2020 census. The city is located 37 miles southeast of Columbia,on the north fork of the Edisto River.
The States' Rights Democratic Party was a short-lived segregationist political party in the United States,active primarily in the South. It arose due to a Southern regional split in opposition to the regular Democratic Party. After President Harry S. Truman,the leader of the Democratic Party,ordered integration of the military in 1948 and other actions to address civil rights of African Americans,including the first presidential proposal for comprehensive civil and voting rights,many Southern white politicians who objected to this course organized themselves as a breakaway faction. They wished to protect the ability of states to maintain racial segregation. Its members were referred to as "Dixiecrats",a portmanteau of "Dixie",referring to the Southern United States,and "Democrat".
From the first United States Congress in 1789 through the 116th Congress in 2020,162 African Americans served in Congress. Meanwhile,the total number of all individuals who have served in Congress over that period is 12,348. Between 1789 and 2020,152 have served in the House of Representatives,9 have served in the Senate,and 1 has served in both chambers. Voting members have totaled 156,with 6 serving as delegates. Party membership has been 131 Democrats and 31 Republicans. While 13 members founded the Congressional Black Caucus in 1971 during the 92nd Congress,in the 116th Congress (2019-2020),56 served,with 54 Democrats and 2 Republicans.
Eva McPherson Clayton is an American politician from North Carolina. On taking her seat in the United States House of Representatives following a special election in 1992,Clayton became the first African American to represent North Carolina in the House since George Henry White was elected to his second and last term in 1898. She was re-elected and served for five terms. In 2003,Clayton was appointed Assistant Director-General of the United Nations's Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO),based in Rome.
Patricia Ann "Pat" Timmons-Goodson is an American judge and politician who served on the North Carolina Supreme Court from 2006 to 2012. She previously served on the United States Commission on Civil Rights and is a former nominee to be a federal judge for the United States District Court for the Eastern District of North Carolina. Timmons-Goodson ran for Congress in 2020.
South Carolina's 2nd congressional district is in central and southwestern South Carolina. The district spans from Columbia to the South Carolina side of the Augusta,Georgia metropolitan area.
Robert Evander McNair Sr. was the 108th governor of South Carolina,a Democrat,who served from 1965 to 1971.
The 1834–35 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between July 7,1834,and November 5,1835. Each state set its own date for its elections to the House of Representatives before the first session of the 24th United States Congress convened on December 7,1835. They were held during President Andrew Jackson's second term. Elections were held for 240 seats that represented 24 states,as well as the at-large-district seat for the pending new state of Michigan.
Portia Lucretia Simpson-Miller is a Jamaican former politician. She served as Prime Minister of Jamaica from March 2006 to September 2007 and again from 5 January 2012 to 3 March 2016. She was the leader of the People's National Party from 2005 to 2017 and the Leader of the Opposition twice,from 2007 to 2012 and from 2016 to 2017.
South Carolina's 1st congressional district is a coastal congressional district in South Carolina,represented by Republican Nancy Mace since January 3,2021. She succeeded Democrat Joe Cunningham,having defeated him in the 2020 election. Cunningham was the first Democrat to represent the district since the 1980s.
The North Carolina Republican Party (NCGOP) is the affiliate of the Republican Party in North Carolina. Michael Whatley has been the chair since 2019. It is currently the state's favored party,controlling half of North Carolina's U.S. House seats,both U.S. Senate seats,and a 3/5 supermajority control of both chambers of the state legislature,as well as a majority on the state supreme court.
Justin Tyler Bamberg is an American attorney and politician serving as a member of the South Carolina House of Representatives from the 90th district,which includes all of Bamberg County and parts of Orangeburg County.
Bernice Robinson (1914–1994) was an American activist in the Civil Rights Movement and education proponent who helped establish adult Citizenship Schools in South Carolina. Becoming field supervisor of adult education for the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC),she led political education workshops throughout the south,in Alabama,Louisiana,Mississippi,Tennessee,and other states to teach adult reading skills so that blacks would be able to pass literacy tests to vote. Between 1970 and 1975,Robinson worked for the South Carolina Commission for Farm Workers,supervising VISTA workers and directing day care centers. In both 1972 and 1974,she unsuccessfully ran for the South Carolina House of Representatives,becoming the first African American woman to run for a political office in the state.
Prior to the civil rights movement in South Carolina,African Americans in the state had very few political rights. South Carolina briefly had a majority-black government during the Reconstruction era after the Civil War,but with the 1876 inauguration of Governor Wade Hampton III,a Democrat who supported the disenfranchisement of blacks,African Americans in South Carolina struggled to exercise their rights. Poll taxes,literacy tests,and intimidation kept African Americans from voting,and it was virtually impossible for someone to challenge the Democratic Party,which ran unopposed in most state elections for decades. By 1940,the voter registration provisions written into the 1895 constitution effectively limited African-American voters to 3,000—only 0.8 percent of those of voting age in the state.
Jasmine Felicia Crockett is an American lawyer and politician who is the U.S. representative from Texas's 30th congressional district since 2023. Her district covers most of South Dallas County and parts of Tarrant County,including Dallas Love Field Airport. A member of the Democratic Party,she previously represented the 100th district in the Texas House of Representatives.
The 2022 South Carolina House of Representatives election took place on November 8,2022,as part of the biennial United States elections. South Carolina voters elected state representatives in all 124 of the state's house districts. Republicans flipped eight seats held by Democrats,while Democrats flipped one seat held by a Republican;with their majority expanded by a net gain of seven seats,Republicans achieved a supermajority in the chamber.
Heather Bauer is an American politician of the Democratic Party. She is the member of the South Carolina House of Representatives representing District 75. In the 2022 general election for South Carolina House of Representatives District 75,Bauer defeated Republican Kirkman Finlay III,who had been a member of the South Carolina House since 2012. Bauer was outraised by Finlay,but prevailed due to public concern about women's reproductive rights.
Wendell K Jones is an American politician. He is a member of the South Carolina House of Representatives from the 25th District. Jones is a member of the Democratic party. He ran to fill the seat of Democratic incumbent Leola C. Robinson-Simpson,who served since 2013 and chose not to run for re-election in 2022. Jones won the District 25 seat over two opponents in the 2022 general election after defeating opponents in the June primary. His primary runoff with Derrick Quarels was briefly halted while the Court considered a challenge to Quarels being on the ballot.
Holly A. Cork is an American politician. She served as a Republican member of the South Carolina House of Representatives from 1989 to 1992 representing District 123,and a member of the South Carolina State Senate,representing District 46 from 1992 to 1999. Cork was succeeded by Scott Head Richardson. At the time of her election in 1992,she and Sherry Shealy Martschink were the only women in the South Carolina Senate. She was a supporter of abortion rights.
References
- ↑ "Leola C. Robinson-Simpson". Project Vote Smart. Retrieved April 25, 2015.
- ↑ Connor, Eric (March 21, 2022). ""Leola Robinson-Simpson, Greenville civil rights trailblazer, to relinquish SC House seat"". The Post and Courier. Retrieved November 15, 2022.
