Reconstruction of a building plan of the Leon Trionfante, modern image based on 18th century images. [1] | |
Class overview | |
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Name | Leon Trionfante ("Triumphant Lion") |
Builders | Arsenal of Venice |
Operators | |
Preceded by | Corona class |
Succeeded by | San Carlo Borromeo class |
In service | 1716 - 1797 |
Completed | 15 |
Lost | 4 |
General characteristics | |
Type | Ship of the line |
Length | 43.11 m (141 ft 5 in) (124 Venetian feet) |
Draft | 6.43 m (21 ft 1 in) (18.5 Ven. ft) |
Depth | 12.85 m (42 ft 2 in) (37 Ven. ft) |
Propulsion | Sails |
Armament |
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The Leon Trionfante class were a class of at least fourteen 70-gun third-rate ships of the line [N 2] built by the Venetian Arsenale from 1716 to 1785, in four different series with minor changes in the ships' length. In 1797, when Venice fell to the French, Napoleon captured several ships of the class, still unfinished in the Arsenal: he chose one of them, forced the shipbuilders to have it completed and added it to his fleet en route for Egypt. After Campoformio, the remaining vessels were destroyed by the French to avoid their capture by the Austrian Empire. [2]
The class was conceived and began construction during the Seventh Ottoman-Venetian War, with the lead ship, Leon Trionfante, laid down on 7 March 1716 and being commissioned on 2 May of the same year. [3] The ship was large for its armament: with a keel length of 43.2 metres (142 ft) it rivalled the British 100-gun first-rate HMS Royal William, although with a width of 13.4 metres (44 ft), it was almost 2 metres (6.6 ft) narrower than the Royal William. [4]
Almost all the ships of this class were planned and started before 1739, completed to a 70%, then stored in the roofed shipbuilding docks of the Arsenal of Venice to be finished and launched when the Venetian Navy need them, a solution the British Royal Navy adopted only in 1810, when the docks at Chatham were covered.
This decision, mostly due to the chronic lack of funds of the Republic of Venice in its final years, led to retain in service older and inferior ships than the ones built at the same time for the British Royal Navy and the French Royal Navy. Moreover, contemporary third rates had heavier guns (32-pounders on the gun deck and 18-pounders on the upper gun deck), even if the armament of those ships could be brought up to 72-74 guns. Except for the Leon Trionfante and the Diligenza, none of this class' ships remained in service for more than fifteen years.
Name | Designer | Builder | Laid down | Launched | Commissioned | Decommissioned | Fate | Reference |
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Leon Trionfante | Unknown | Francesco De Ponti | 1714 [5] | 16 May 1716 | 1716 | Unknown | Dismantled, 1740 | [6] |
San Giacomo | Unknown | Unknown | 1719 [5] | 29 April 1765 | Unknown | Unknown | Dismantled, 1776 | [7] |
The "seventy-four" was a type of two-decked sailing ship of the line, which nominally carried 74 guns. It was developed by the French navy in the 1740s, replacing earlier classes of 60- and 62-gun ships, as a larger complement to the recently-developed 64-gun ships. Impressed with the performance of several captured French seventy-fours, the British Royal Navy quickly adopted similar designs, classing them as third rates. The type then spread to the Spanish, Dutch, Danish and Russian navies.
Angelo Emo was a Venetian noble, administrator, and admiral. He is notable for his reforms of the Venetian navy and his naval campaigns, being regarded as the last great admiral of the Venetian Republic.
The Ardent-class ships of the line were a class of seven 64-gun third rates, designed for the Royal Navy by Sir Thomas Slade.
The Culloden-class ships of the line were a class of eight 74-gun third rates, designed for the Royal Navy by Sir Thomas Slade. The Cullodens were the last class of 74s which Slade designed before his death in 1771.
The San Carlo Borromeo-class ships of the line were a class of two 66-gun third rates built by the Venetian Arsenal from 1750 to 1793.
Corona was a one-member ship of the line class, a 76-gun third rate. It was built in 1712 by the Venetian Arsenal, and was one of the bigger and better armed vessels of the Venetian Navy. Its guns were all made in bronze for prestige reasons. The ship, even if it was a well-made one, was not copied, and the Navy chose to skip to the cheaper Leon Trionfante class instead.
The San Lorenzo Zustinian class were a class of at least twenty-nine 70-gun third-rate ships of the line built by the Venetian Arsenale from 1691 to 1746, in three different series with minor changes in the ships' length. It was the most numerous class of ship of the line built in Venice, and the last to see active service in a war against the Ottoman Empire in 1718. All this class' ships were planned before 1720, and the vast majority was launched before the Peace of Passarowitz. The last four vessels were completed to 70% in 1720s, then stored in the roofed shipbuilding docks of the Arsenale to be finished and launched between 1739 and 1746, a solution that was widely used with the following Leon Trionfante class.
Lodovico Flangini was a Venetian noble who served as Capitano Straordinario delle Navi during the Seventh Ottoman–Venetian War.
The Giove Fulminante class were the first class of first-rate ships of the line built by the Venetian Arsenal, from 1666 to 1691, armed with 62 to 68 guns. The fifth ship of the class was extensively modified during construction and became the lead ship of the following San Lorenzo Zustinian class. The last ship of the class was retired in 1709.
Adria in Pace was a first-rank ship of the line of the Venetian navy, serving from 1739 to 1753.
San Carlo Borromeo was a first-rank ship of the line of the Venetian navy, serving from 1750 to 1768.
Forza was a first-rank ship of the line of the Venetian navy, serving from 1774 to 1784, although it was originally laid down in 1719.