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Finno-Ugric is a traditional linguistic grouping of all languages in the Uralic language family except for the Samoyedic languages. Its once commonly accepted status as a subfamily of Uralic is based on criteria formulated in the 19th century and is criticized by some contemporary linguists such as Tapani Salminen and Ante Aikio. The three most spoken Uralic languages, Hungarian, Finnish, and Estonian, are all included in Finno-Ugric.
Tallinn is the capital and most populous city of Estonia. Situated on a bay in north Estonia, on the shore of the Gulf of Finland of the Baltic Sea, Tallinn has a population of about 461,000 and administratively lies in the Harju maakond (county). Tallinn is the main governmental, financial, industrial, and cultural centre of Estonia. It is located 187 km (116 mi) northwest of the country's second largest city, Tartu; however, only 80 km (50 mi) south of Helsinki, Finland, also 320 km (200 mi) west of Saint Petersburg, Russia, 300 km (190 mi) north of Riga, Latvia, and 380 km (240 mi) east of Stockholm, Sweden. From the 13th century until the first half of the 20th century, Tallinn was known in most of the world by variants of its other historical name Reval.
The Uralic languages, sometimes called the Uralian languages, form a language family of 42 languages spoken predominantly in Europe and North Asia. The Uralic languages with the most native speakers are Hungarian, Finnish, and Estonian. Other languages with speakers above 100,000 are Erzya, Moksha, Mari, Udmurt and Komi spoken in the European parts of the Russian Federation. Still smaller minority languages are Sámi languages of the northern Fennoscandia; other members of the Finnic languages, ranging from Livonian in northern Latvia to Karelian in northwesternmost Russia; and the Samoyedic languages, Mansi and Khanty spoken in Western Siberia.
The national flag of Estonia is a tricolour featuring three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), black (middle), and white (bottom). The flag is called sinimustvalge in Estonian.
Jäneda is a small village in northern Estonia. It is located in Lääne-Viru County and is a part of Tapa municipality.
Ea Jansen was an Estonian historian of Finno-Ugric history. She was the daughter of the Estonian feminist Helmi Press-Jansen and painter August Jansen. Until her death, she worked for Tallinn Pedagogical University. She graduated from Tallinn 9th Secondary School in 1941 and studied at the University of Tartu from 1942 to 1949, where she graduated with a degree in history.
Estonian Sign Language is the national sign language of Estonia.
Paul Ariste was an Estonian linguist renowned for his studies of the Finno-Ugric languages, Yiddish and Baltic Romani language.
Elements of a Proto-Uralic religion can be recovered from reconstructions of the Proto-Uralic language.
The Estonian Academy of Arts is the only public university in Estonia providing higher education in art, design, architecture, media, art history and conservation-restoration. It is based in Tallinn.
Institute of the Estonian Language is the official language-regulatory authority of the Estonian language. It is located in the capital city of Estonia, Tallinn. Its stated formal goal is to contribute to the long-term survival of the Estonian language. The Institute researches modern Estonian, the history of the Estonian language, Estonian dialects and Finno-Ugric cognate languages.
Paul Nikolai Kogerman was an Estonian chemist and founder of modern research in oil shale.
Obinitsa is a village in Setomaa Parish, Võru County, southeastern Estonia. It has a population of 147.
Oliver Loode is an Estonian human rights activist of the international Finno-Ugric movement and Member of United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues (UNPFII) for the term 2014–2016.
Andres Ehin was an Estonian writer and translator. In 1964 he graduated from University of Tartu, studying Estonian philology. From 1972 to 1974 he was the senior scientific editor of Estonian Soviet Encyclopaedia. From 1972 he was a member of Estonian Writers' Union. From 1968 to 1989 he was a member of Communist Party. In 1990 he joined Estonian Social Democratic Party.
Aado Lintrop is an Estonian poet, religious researcher and folklorist.
Helle Metslang is an Estonian linguist.
Tourism in Estonia refers to the overall state of the tourism industry in the Finno-Ugric nation of Estonia. It is a key part of the country's economy, contributing 7.8% to its GDP, and employing 4.3% of its population. In 2018, tourism and other related services counted for over 10.8 percent of Estonia's exports. Tourism is increasing rapidly in Estonia: the number of tourist arrivals—both domestic and international—has increased from 2.26 million in 2006 to 3.79 million in 2019. Estonia was also ranked the 15th-most safest country to visit in 2017, according to safedestinations.com, scoring 8.94 out of 10 on their list. In a 2018 report published by the OECD, they concluded that most international tourists come from places like Finland, Russia, Latvia, Germany, and Sweden.
World Congress of Finno-Ugric Peoples is the representative forum of Finno-Ugric and Samoyedic peoples. The forum is not related to any government or political party. The goals of the forum is to "develop and protect national identity, cultures and languages of Finno-Ugric peoples, to promote cooperation between Finno-Ugric peoples, to discuss topical issues and to identify solutions, and to realise the right of Finno-Ugric peoples to self-determination in accordance with international norms and principles".
Mari Uusküla is an Estonian linguist.
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