Wilhelm Heinrich Otto Dix was a German painter and printmaker, noted for his ruthless and harshly realistic depictions of German society during the Weimar Republic and the brutality of war. Along with George Grosz and Max Beckmann, he is widely considered one of the most important artists of the Neue Sachlichkeit.
Max Ernst was a German painter, sculptor, graphic artist, and poet. A prolific artist, Ernst was a primary pioneer of the Dada movement and surrealism. He had no formal artistic training, but his experimental attitude toward the making of art resulted in his invention of frottage—a technique that uses pencil rubbings of objects as a source of images—and grattage, an analogous technique in which paint is scraped across canvas to reveal the imprints of the objects placed beneath. He is also noted for his novels consisting of collages.
Paula Modersohn-Becker was a German painter and one of the most important representatives of early expressionism.
Anna Justine Mahler was an Austrian sculptor.
Karl Christian Ludwig Hofer or Carl Hofer was a German expressionist painter. He was director of the Berlin Academy of Fine Arts.
Julie Wolfthorn was a German painter. Born as Julie Wolf(f) to a middle-class Jewish family, she later styled herself as Julie Wolfthorn after Thorn (Toruń), her city of birth.
Isabel Rawsthorne, also known at various times as Isabel Nicholas, Isabel Delmer, and Isabel Lambert, was a British painter, scenery designer and occasional artists' model. During the Second World War she worked in black propaganda. She was part of and flourished in an artistic bohemian society that included Jacob Epstein, Alberto Giacometti and Francis Bacon.
Otto Freundlich was a German painter and sculptor of Jewish origin. A part of the first generation of abstract painters in Western art, Freundlich was a great admirer of cubism.
Werner Schramm (1898–1970) was a German painter. He was born as a son of merchants in Duisburg, Germany. After a classical education, he entered the School of Decorative Arts in Düsseldorf. In 1919 he began painting again after having been interrupted by the First World War. He was influenced by German Expressionism and also by the first expressions of abstract art. The discovery of the Isenheim Altarpiece of Matthias Grünewald, which was temporarily exhibited at the Munich Pinacothek, was a revelation to him and he started his first attempts in Renaissance techniques: a well-performed drawing on a priming of chalk or plaster with a mixture of oil and yolk of an egg as paint.
Hermann Scherer was a German-speaking Swiss Expressionist painter and sculptor.
Liselotte Grschebina was an Israeli photographer.
Anita Clara Rée was a German avant-garde painter during the Weimar Republic. After she took her own life the anti-Semitic government declared her work degenerate. Her works were saved by a groundskeeper.
Lilo Rasch-Naegele was a German painter, graphic artist, fashion designer and book illustrator. Her extensive work left a distinct mark on the artistic landscape of Stuttgart.
Maria Slavona, born Marie Dorette Caroline Schorer was a German impressionist painter.
The Peintres de la Réalité [pɛ͂tʀ də la ʀealite] were founded after the Second World War by Henri Cadiou to connect artists who were specialized on still life and genre motifs. It later evolved to the Mouvement trompe l'oeil / Réalité. The painting of the group is no reappearance of antiquity or of the 17th century, but the logical consequence of the place in the 20th century development of a realism that has taken over the sequence of surrealism to the modern trompe-l'œil to lead.
Ronald Paris was a German painter and graphic artist.
Lilo Peters, born Liselotte Elfriede Anna Gertrud Erdmunde Noetzel was a North German painter and sculptor.
Clara Vogedes née Homscheidt (1892–1983) was a German painter.
Gerda Höglund was a Swedish painter. After attending Kerstin Cardon's school in Stockholm, she moved to Paris where she continued her education at the Académie Julian. In addition to painting landscapes, still lifes, and portraits, she was one of the few 20th-century women who decorated Swedish churches. She began specializing in sacred art after she had been invited to paint an altarpiece for the Swedish church in Johannesburg. Her work can be seen today in 20 churches as well as in the Stockholm City Hall and in the Royal Swedish Academy of Music.
Martha Dix was a German goldsmith and silversmith, as well as the wife of the painter Otto Dix. She was portrayed many times by her husband from 1921 to 1933. A well-known double portrait of the couple appears in the photographer August Sander's portfolio People of the 20th Century (1925).
