List of Adenanthos species

Last updated October 14, 2023

This is a list of Adenanthos species, subspecies and named hybrids. Taxa are listed in alphabetical order, and summary information is provided. For the most recent taxonomic arrangement, see Nelson's taxonomic arrangement of Adenanthos.

Name	Description			Taxonomy		Distribution and habitat			Conservation status^[1]	Image
Name	Habit^[2]	Leaf type^[3]	Flower colour	Published	Section	Range	Soil	Vegetation	Conservation status^[1]	Image
A. acanthophyllus (Prickly Woollybush)	Tall shrub, lignotuberous	Holly-like	Dark red to pale pink-red	A.S.George, 1974	A. sect. Adenanthos	Shark Bay	Sand of marine origin	Scrub or heath
A. apiculatus	Prostrate subshrub, non-lignotuberous	Entire or lobed	Cream	R.Br., 1810	A. sect. Adenanthos	Stirling Range to King George Sound and Bremer Bay	Lateritic soils, sand	Scrub or heath
A. argyreus (Little Woollybush)	Small shrub, non-lignotuberous	Laciniate	Bright red-pink	Diels, 1905	A. sect. Adenanthos	Lake King to Wyallkatchem to Southern Cross	Lateritic sand	Scrub or heath
A. barbiger (Hairy Glandflower)	Small shrub, lignotuberous	Entire or lobed	Scarlet	Lindl., 1839	A. sect. Eurylaema	Toodyay to Manjimup to Augusta	Lateritic gravel	Open forest
A. cacomorphus	Medium shrub, lignotuberous	Laciniate	Bright pink	E.C.Nelson, 1978	A. sect. Adenanthos	Fitzgerald River	Lateritic sand	Scrub or heath	Priority 2 (WA)
A. cuneatus (Coastal Jugflower)	Medium shrub, occasionally a prostrate subshrub, lignotuberous	Laciniate	Crimson	Labill., 1805	A. sect. Adenanthos	Walpole to Twilight Cove	Sand	Scrub or heath
A. × cunninghamii (Albany Woollybush)	Medium shrub, non-lignotuberous	Laciniate	Dull crimson	Meisn., 1845	A. sect. Adenanthos	King George Sound	Sand of marine origin	Scrub or heath	Priority 4 (WA)
A. cygnorum (Common Woollybush)	Tall shrub or prostrate subshrub, non-lignotuberous	Laciniate	Light pink, cream, or green	Diels, 1905	A. sect. Adenanthos	Kalbarra to Arthur River	Lateritic soils, sand
A. cygnorum subsp. chamaephyton	Prostrate subshrub, non-lignotuberous	Laciniate	Light pink, cream, or green	E.C.Nelson, 1978	A. sect. Adenanthos	Mundaring and Chidlow	Lateritic gravel	Open forest	Priority 4 (WA)
A. cygnorum subsp. cygnorum (Common Woollybush)	Tall shrub, occasionally a tree, non-lignotuberous	Laciniate	Light pink, cream, or green		A. sect. Adenanthos	Kalbarra to Arthur River	Lateritic soils, sand	Open forest, scrub or heath
A. detmoldii (Scott River Jugflower)	Tall shrub, non-lignotuberous	Entire or lobed	Yellow and orange/brown	F.Muell., 1874	A. sect. Eurylaema	Scott River to Whicher Range	Peat and waterlogged soils	Scrub or heath	Priority 4 (WA)
A. dobagii (Fitzgerald Woollybush)	Small shrub, non-lignotuberous	Laciniate	Cream or pale pink	E.C.Nelson, 1978	A. sect. Adenanthos	Fitzgerald River	Skeletal soils	Scrub or heath	Endangered (EPBC Act) Rare (WA)
A. dobsonii	Small shrub, lignotuberous	Entire or lobed	Red and/or cream	F.Muell., 1868	A. sect. Adenanthos	Cape Arid to Israelite Bay	Sand	Scrub or heath
A. drummondii	Small shrub, lignotuberous^[4]	Laciniate	Scarlet apex, yellow base	Meisn., 1845	A. sect. Adenanthos	Bullsbrook to Wongan Hills to Three Springs	Lateritic soils	Scrub or heath
A. ellipticus (Oval-leaf Adenanthos)	Medium shrub, non-lignotuberous	Entire or lobed	Orange-red and cream	A.S.George, 1974	A. sect. Adenanthos	Mount Barren Ranges	Skeletal soils	Scrub or heath	Vulnerable (EPBC Act) Rare (WA)
A. eyrei (Toolinna Adenanthos)	Small shrub, non-lignotuberous	Laciniate	Dark crimson	E.C.Nelson, 1978	A. sect. Adenanthos	Toolinna	Sand of marine origin	Scrub or heath	Endangered (EPBC Act) Rare (WA)
A. filifolius	Medium shrub, non-lignotuberous	Laciniate	Cream and black	Benth., 1870	A. sect. Adenanthos	Stirling Range to King George Sound and Bremer Bay	Skeletal soils	Scrub or heath	Priority 3 (WA)
A. flavidiflorus	Small shrub, lignotuberous	Laciniate	Bright red-pink	F.Muell., 1859	A. sect. Adenanthos	Bremer Bay to Hyden	Lateritic sand	Scrub or heath
A. forrestii	Medium shrub, lignotuberous	Laciniate	Pale red and cream, or cream	F.Muell., 1882	A. sect. Adenanthos	Twilight Cove, Toolinna and Israelite Plain	Sand of marine origin	Scrub or heath
A. glabrescens	Small shrub, with or without lignotuber	Entire or lobed	Pink-scarlet and cream	E.C.Nelson, 1978	A. sect. Adenanthos	Lake King to Fitzgerald River to Ravensthorpe	Skeletal soils and lateritic sand	Scrub or heath
A. glabrescens subsp. exasperatus	Small shrub, non-lignotuberous	Entire or lobed	Pink-scarlet and cream	E.C.Nelson, 1978	A. sect. Adenanthos	Lake King to Halls Track	Skeletal soils	Scrub or heath
A. glabrescens subsp. glabrescens	Small shrub, lignotuberous	Entire or lobed	Pink-scarlet and cream		A. sect. Adenanthos	Fitzgerald River to Ravensthorpe	Lateritic sand	Scrub or heath
A. gracilipes	Small shrub, lignotuberous	Laciniate	Cream and red-pink	A.S.George, 1974	A. sect. Adenanthos	Johnson Lakes and Frank Hann National Park	Lateritic sand	Scrub or heath	Priority 3 (WA)
A. ileticos (Club-leaf Adenanthos)	Medium shrub, lignotuberous	Laciniate	Pale pink-red	E.C.Nelson, 1978	A. sect. Adenanthos	Esperance to Norseman	Lateritic sand	Open forest, woodland	Priority 4 (WA)
A. labillardierei	Medium shrub, non-lignotuberous	Laciniate	Cream and claret	E.C.Nelson, 1978	A. sect. Adenanthos	Barren Ranges	Skeletal soils	Scrub or heath	Priority 4 (WA)
A. linearis	Small shrub, non-lignotuberous	Entire or lobed	Cream with pink apex	Meisn., 1856	A. sect. Adenanthos	Stirling Range to King George Sound and Bremer Bay	Skeletal soils	Scrub or heath	Priority 2 (WA)
A. macropodianus (Kangaroo Island Gland Flower)	Medium shrub, non-lignotuberous	Laciniate	Red-pink	E.C.Nelson, 1978	A. sect. Adenanthos	Kangaroo Island	Lateritic soils, sand	Open forest, scrub or heath
A. meisneri (Prostrate Woollybush)	Medium shrub, lignotuberous	Laciniate	Red-purple or purple	Meisn., 1845	A. sect. Adenanthos	Swan River to Point D'Entrecasteaux	Sand	Open forest, scrub or heath
A. obovatus (Basket Flower)	Small shrub, lignotuberous	Entire or lobed	Scarlet	Labill., 1805	A. sect. Eurylaema	Gingin to Augusta to Green Range, also Narrogin	Skeletal soils, lateritic sand, peaty sand and waterlogged soils	Open forest, scrub or heath
A. oreophilus (Woollybush)	Medium shrub, non-lignotuberous	Laciniate	Scarlet	E.C.Nelson, 1978	A. sect. Adenanthos	Fitzgerald River area	Lateritic gravel	Scrub or heath
A. × pamela	Medium shrub, lignotuberous	Entire or lobed	Orange or light red	E.C.Nelson, 1986	A. sect. Eurylaema	Scott River			Priority 4 (WA)
A. pungens (Spiky Adenanthos)	Medium shrub or prostrate subshrub, non-lignotuberous	Laciniate	Pale or dark pink	Meisn., 1845	A. sect. Adenanthos	Tambellup and Hamella Hill	Skeletal soils and lateritic sand	Scrub or heath
A. pungens subsp. effusus (Sprawling Spiky Adenanthos)	Prostrate subshrub, non-lignotuberous	Laciniate	Pale pink	E.C.Nelson, 1978	A. sect. Adenanthos	Tambellup	Lateritic sand	Scrub or heath	Endangered (EPBC Act) Rare (WA)
A. pungens subsp. pungens (Spiky Adenanthos)	Medium shrub, non-lignotuberous	Laciniate	Dark pink		A. sect. Adenanthos	Hamella Hill	Skeletal soils	Scrub or heath	Vulnerable (EPBC Act) Rare (WA)
A. sericeus (Coastal Woollybush)	Tall shrub, occasionally a tree, non-lignotuberous	Laciniate	Scarlet	Labill., 1805	A. sect. Adenanthos	King George Sound to Warriup, Cape Le Grand, Cape Arid	Skeletal soils, and sand of marine origin	Scrub or heath
A. sericeus subsp. sericeus (Coastal Woollybush)	Tall shrub, non-lignotuberous	Laciniate	Scarlet		A. sect. Adenanthos	Cape Le Grand, Cape Arid	Skeletal soils	Scrub or heath
A. sericeus subsp. sphalma	Tall shrub, occasionally a tree, non-lignotuberous	Laciniate	Scarlet	E.C.Nelson, 1978	A. sect. Adenanthos	King George Sound to Warriup	Sand of marine origin	Scrub or heath
A. stictus	Tall shrub, non-lignotuberous	Laciniate	Crimson	A.S.George, 1974	A. sect. Adenanthos	Watheroo to Coorow	Lateritic sand	Scrub or heath
A. terminalis (Yellow Gland Flower)	Medium shrub, non-lignotuberous	Laciniate	Cream	R.Br., 1810	A. sect. Adenanthos	Eyre Peninsula, Kangaroo Island, Adelaide to Little Desert	Lateritic soils, sand	Scrub or heath
A. velutinus (Velvet Woollybush)	Tall shrub, non-lignotuberous^[5]	Laciniate	Red-purple or purple	Meisn., 1856	A. sect. Adenanthos	Cranbrook	Skeletal soils	Scrub or heath	Endangered (EPBC Act) Rare (WA)
A. venosus	Medium shrub, lignotuberous	Entire or lobed	Dull crimson and cream	Meisn., 1856	A. sect. Adenanthos	Fitzgerald River	Skeletal soils	Scrub or heath

Footnotes

↑ Conservation status under the federal Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act) is based on the Species Profile and Threats (SPRAT) Database published by the Australian Government Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities.
In Western Australia, legislative protection is afforded only to plants gazetted as "Rare" or "Extinct" under the Wildlife Conservation Act 1950, but the Department of Environment and Conservation also define Priority 1, 2, 3 and 4 conservation classes; see Declared Rare and Priority Flora List for definitions. The Western Australian conservation classes given here are sourced from FloraBase, the online plant database of the West Australian Herbarium.
Species within a listed conservation status have not been assigned a class at federal or state level, and may be assumed to be relatively secure.
↑ Habit classes used here follow Nelson (1975): 99, Table 5:1 (Life-forms in Adenanthos), and this is the information source for all entries not otherwise cited. Five forms are recognised: trees, tall (over 2 m) shrubs, medium (1–2 m) shrubs, small (less than 1 m, but not prostrate) shrubs, and prostrate shrubs. Entries also indicate whether the species possesses a lignotuber. Those that do typically have many stems arising from the underground rootstock, resulting in a smaller stature and a mallee habit. Non-lignotuberous species have a single stem, and usually grow fairly erect.
↑
Three leaf types are recognised, following Nelson (1975): 92, 94:
- "Holly-type" leaves are flat, and divided into spiny lobes. This leaf type is very common in Proteaceae, but occurs in only one Adenanthos species
- "Entire of lobed" leaves are flat, with margins that are entire or lobed. These two cases are treated as a single type because it is common for species with lobed leaves to have entire leaves when young, or sporadically produce lobed leaves; and vice versa.
- "Laciniate" leaves are deeply divided into many long, thin laciniae. This leaf type is typical of the species known as woollybushes.
The source for this column is Nelson (1975): 92, 94, unless otherwise cited.
↑ Nelson (1978a): 332.
↑ Nelson (1978b).

Related Research Articles

Adenanthos is a genus of Australian native shrubs in the flowering plant family Proteaceae. Variable in habit and leaf shape, it is the only genus in the family where solitary flowers are the norm. It was discovered in 1791, and formally published by Jacques Labillardière in 1805. The type species is Adenanthos cuneatus, and 33 species are recognised. The genus is placed in subfamily Proteoideae, and is held to be most closely related to several South African genera.

Adenanthos cygnorum, commonly known as common woollybush or just woollybush, is a tall shrub in the family Proteaceae. It is endemic to Western Australia, commonly occurring in the south west of the State from north of Geraldton south to Kojonup. It is very common on road verges and in disturbed areas of Perth.

<i>Adenanthos sericeus</i> Species of shrub native to the south coast of Western Australia

Adenanthos sericeus, commonly known as woolly bush, is a shrub native to the south coast of Western Australia. It has bright red but small and obscure flowers, and very soft, deeply divided, hairy leaves.

Adenanthos obovatus, commonly known as basket flower, or, jugflower, is a shrub of the plant family Proteaceae endemic to Southwest Australia. Described by French naturalist Jacques Labillardière in 1805, it had first been collected by Archibald Menzies in 1791. Within the genus Adenanthos, it lies in the section Eurylaema and is most closely related to A. barbiger. A. obovatus has hybridized with A. detmoldii to produce the hybrid A. × pamela. Several common names allude to the prominent red flowers of the species. It grows as a many-stemmed spreading bush up to 1 m (3.3 ft) high, and about 1.5 m (4.9 ft) across, with fine bright green foliage. Made up of single red flowers, the inflorescences appear from April to December, and peak in spring.

Adenanthos cuneatus, also known as coastal jugflower, flame bush, bridle bush and sweat bush, is a shrub of the family Proteaceae, native to the south coast of Western Australia. The French naturalist Jacques Labillardière originally described it in 1805. Within the genus Adenanthos, it lies in the section Adenanthos and is most closely related to A. stictus. A. cuneatus has hybridized with four other species of Adenanthos. Growing to 2 m high and wide, it is erect to prostrate in habit, with wedge-shaped lobed leaves covered in fine silvery hair. The single red flowers are insignificant, and appear all year, though especially in late spring. The reddish new growth occurs over the summer.

Adenanthos macropodianus, commonly known as gland flower, or Kangaroo Island gland flower, is a species of shrub in the family Proteaceae. It is endemic to Kangaroo Island in South Australia. First published as a variety of A. sericeus in 1870, it was promoted to species rank in 1978.

Adenanthos cacomorphus is a small shrub in the family Proteaceae. It is found in southwest Western Australia.

<i>Adenanthos detmoldii</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to the south-west of Western Australia.

Adenanthos detmoldii, commonly known as Scott River jugflower or yellow jugflower, is a species of shrub in the family Proteaceae. It is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia.

Adenanthos ileticos is a species of shrub in the family Proteaceae. It has roughly triangular, lobed leaves, and pale pink-red and cream, inconspicuous flowers. A rare species, it is known only from a single location in the south-west of Western Australia. It was discovered in 1968, and immediately brought into cultivation, but it would not be formally published and named until a decade later.

Adenanthos barbiger, the hairy jugflower or hairy glandflower, is a species of shrub in the family Proteaceae. It is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It usually grows to 1 metre high, and has bright red flowers that appear mostly between August and December. The species was first formally described in 1839 by English botanist John Lindley in A sketch of the vegetation of the Swan River colony.

Adenanthos meisneri, commonly known as prostrate woollybush, is a species of shrub in the family Proteaceae. It is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia.

Adenanthos pungens, the spiky adenanthos, is a species of shrub in the family Proteaceae. It is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia.

Adenanthos × cunninghamii, commonly known as woollybush, Albany woollybush or prostrate woollybush, is a hybrid shrub in the family Proteaceae. It is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. The Noongar peoples know the plant as boyur.

Adenanthos dobagii, commonly known as Fitzgerald woollybush, is a shrub in the family Proteaceae. It grows to a mere 50 cm high, with crowded small silvery leaves and insignificant pink or cream flowers. It occurs only in southwestern Australia, where it is found in Fitzgerald River National Park on the south coast.

Adenanthos × pamela is a naturally occurring hybrid of A. detmoldii and A. obovatus in Western Australia.

Adenanthos eyrei is a species of shrub in the family Proteaceae. Restricted to a single cliff-top dune system on the remote south coast of Western Australia, it is listed as rare and endangered. It was discovered by E. Charles Nelson in 1973, and formally described and named in 1978.

Adenanthos glabrescens is a species of small shrub endemic to the Ravensthorpe area in southwest Western Australia. First published in 1978, there are two subspecies.

Adenanthos labillardierei is a species of erect shrub endemic to the slopes of the Barren Ranges in the Fitzgerald River National Park in southwest Western Australia.

Persoonia prostrata is a plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the northern tip of K'gari in Queensland, but is presumed to be extinct. It is similar to Persoonia stradbrokensis but is a prostrate shrub with smaller leaves and flowers.

Adenanthos ellipticus, commonly known as the oval-leaf adenanthos, is a flowering plant from the family Proteaceae that is endemic to Western Australia where it is considered to be Declared Rare Flora.

References

"FloraBase". West Australian Herbarium, Department of Environment and Conservation, Government of Western Australia. Retrieved 16 January 2011.
Nelson, Ernest Charles (1975). Taxonomy and Ecology of Adenanthos in Southern Australia (PhD thesis). Australian National University.
Nelson, Ernest Charles (1978a). "A taxonomic revision of the genus Adenanthos Proteaceae". Brunonia. 1 (3): 303–406. doi:10.1071/BRU9780303.
Nelson, E. Charles (1978b). "Studies in Adenanthos Labill. (Proteaceae) II: The taxonomic status of A. velutina Meisn. reassessed". Glasra. 2: 57–69.
"Species Profile and Threats (SPRAT) Database". Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities, Australian Government. Retrieved 16 January 2011.

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[Conservation-1] Conservation status under the federal Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act) is based on the Species Profile and Threats (SPRAT) Database published by the Australian Government Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities.
In Western Australia, legislative protection is afforded only to plants gazetted as "Rare" or "Extinct" under the Wildlife Conservation Act 1950, but the Department of Environment and Conservation also define Priority 1, 2, 3 and 4 conservation classes; see Declared Rare and Priority Flora List for definitions. The Western Australian conservation classes given here are sourced from FloraBase, the online plant database of the West Australian Herbarium.
Species within a listed conservation status have not been assigned a class at federal or state level, and may be assumed to be relatively secure.

[Habit-2] Habit classes used here follow Nelson (1975): 99, Table 5:1 (Life-forms in Adenanthos), and this is the information source for all entries not otherwise cited. Five forms are recognised: trees, tall (over 2 m) shrubs, medium (1–2 m) shrubs, small (less than 1 m, but not prostrate) shrubs, and prostrate shrubs. Entries also indicate whether the species possesses a lignotuber. Those that do typically have many stems arising from the underground rootstock, resulting in a smaller stature and a mallee habit. Non-lignotuberous species have a single stem, and usually grow fairly erect.

[Leaf-3] Three leaf types are recognised, following Nelson (1975): 92, 94:
"Holly-type" leaves are flat, and divided into spiny lobes. This leaf type is very common in Proteaceae, but occurs in only one Adenanthos species
"Entire of lobed" leaves are flat, with margins that are entire or lobed. These two cases are treated as a single type because it is common for species with lobed leaves to have entire leaves when young, or sporadically produce lobed leaves; and vice versa.
"Laciniate" leaves are deeply divided into many long, thin laciniae. This leaf type is typical of the species known as woollybushes.
The source for this column is Nelson (1975): 92, 94, unless otherwise cited.

[mwA8g] "Holly-type" leaves are flat, and divided into spiny lobes. This leaf type is very common in Proteaceae, but occurs in only one Adenanthos species

[mwA8s] "Entire of lobed" leaves are flat, with margins that are entire or lobed. These two cases are treated as a single type because it is common for species with lobed leaves to have entire leaves when young, or sporadically produce lobed leaves; and vice versa.

[mwA88] "Laciniate" leaves are deeply divided into many long, thin laciniae. This leaf type is typical of the species known as woollybushes.

[Nelson_(1978a):_332-4] Nelson (1978a): 332.

[Nelson_1978b-5] Nelson (1978b).

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