List of Cladonota species

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The following is a list of treehopper species within the genus Cladonota . [1] [2] [3] [4]

Contents

Subgenus Falculifera

Species in this subgenus are characterized by a lack of intermediate process on the pronotum. [5] [6]

SpeciesAuthorityRangeLength [lower-alpha 1] DescriptionSexual dimorphismImage
Cladonota apicalis Stål, 1869Mexico, Central America, Ecuador, Bolivia, Peru, Venezuela, Brazil6 to 9 mm (0.24 to 0.35 in)White stripe on the dorsal side of the posterior process. Two forms are known, C-shaped and ovoid.Absent Cladonota apicalis.jpg
Cladonota benitezi Arnaud, 2004Mexico12 mm (0.47 in)(male), 17 mm (0.67 in)(female)Present
Cladonota bolivari Peláez, 1945Mexico, Costa Rica, Panama8.5 mm (0.33 in)Male unknown Cladonota bolivari.png
Cladonota clavigera Stål, 1864Mexico to Costa Rica7 mm (0.28 in)Present
Cladonota luctuosa Peláez, 1945Mexico8 mm (0.31 in)(male), 10 mm (0.39 in)(female) [lower-alpha 2] Present
Cladonota rex England et al., 2020Costa Rica6 mm (0.24 in)Yellow-green saddle-shaped area between the posterior and anterior processes of the pronotum.Male unknown Cladonota rex.png
Cladonota rothschildi Flynn, 2018Costa Rica, Panama6 mm (0.24 in)Female unknown
Cladonota zeledoni Peláez, 1967Costa Rica7 mm (0.28 in) [lower-alpha 2] Present
  1. ↑ Unless otherwise noted, measured from the forehead to the tip of the elytra
  2. 1 2 Measured up to the base of the posterior process

Subgenus Cladonota

Unlike Falculifera, the type subgenus Cladonota possesses an intermediate process on the pronotum. It is covered by the arching anterior process, which does not have a tooth-like projection on its back side. [7]

As of 2022, it comprises 20 species. [7] [8]

Subgenus Lecythifera

The subgenus Lecythifera is also characterized by the presence of an intermediate process of the pronotum, and by a toothless anterior process. However, unlike in Cladonota, the intermediate process is not surpassed by the anterior process. The subgenus comprises 21 known species as of 2022. All species with both male and female specimens known are sexually dimorphic, with the exception of C. plummeri. [9] [8]

SpeciesAuthorityRangeLength [lower-alpha 1] DescriptionSexual dimorphismImage
Cladonota affinisFowler, 1894Mexico, Guatemala7 mm (0.28 in)(male)
Cladonota bulbosaFlynn, 2003Mexico5.5 to 6.5 mm (0.22 to 0.26 in)Intermediate process of the pronotum bears a large bulbous inflation on top, with a smaller arm extending below it towards the anterior process. Males possess a smaller top bulbous inflation, with another small inflation extending anterior to it.Present NMNH-Cladonota bulbosa.jpg
Cladonota championiFowler, 1894Mexico, Guatemala6 mm (0.24 in)(male)Present Cladonota Ecuador - 2.jpg
Cladonota costaricensisFlynn, 2018Costa Rica7 mm (0.28 in)(female)Male unknown
Cladonota costataBuckton, 1903
Cladonota crucifixaGálvez & Flynn, 2021
Cladonota falleniStål, 1862
Cladonota globonegraFlynn, 2018
Cladonota gonzaloiPeláez, 1945
Cladonota griseaFlynn, 2018
Cladonota hoffmanniPeláez, 1945
Cladonota inflataFowler, 18949 mm (0.35 in) Cladonota inflata.jpg
Cladonota locomotivaBreddin, 1901
Cladonota machinulaBreddin, 19017 mm (0.28 in) Cladonota machinula (and mites) - Ecuador.jpg
Cladonota meteorusArnaud, 2002
Cladonota orellanaFlynn, 2018
Cladonota pieltainiPeláez, 1945
Cladonota plummeriPeláez, 1945
Cladonota robustulaFowler, 1894
Cladonota siparunaStrümpel, 1973
Cladonota yucatanensisFlynn, 20036 mm (0.24 in) NMNH-Cladonota yucatanensis HT P USNM01113174.jpg
  1. ↑ Unless otherwise noted, measured from the forehead to the tip of the elytra

Subgenus Lobocladisca

Specimen of Cladonota (Lobocladisca) livida from the Peruvian Amazon Cladonata livida ZSM.tif
Specimen of Cladonota (Lobocladisca) livida from the Peruvian Amazon

The subgenus Lobocladisca is uniquely distinguished by a small tooth-like projection on the back side of the anterior process. Like in the subgenera Cladonota and Lecythifera, species of this subgenus all have an intermediate process on their pronotum. The subgenus comprises nine species as of 2020, many of them only known from the type specimen or the original description, and thus of uncertain validity. Conversely, Cladonota (Lobocladisca) biclavata is the most common species of the genus in all of South America. [10]

Incertae sedis

No illustration is known for Cladonota brunnea, and the type specimen, discovered in Brazil, has not been preserved. While it is possibly a genetic variation within C. apicalis, the description is considered too insufficient for assignment at the subgenus level. [5]

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<i>Cladonota</i> Genus of treehopper

Cladonota is a genus of neotropical treehoppers widespread from Mexico to South America. They are known for their elaborate pronotum shapes, hypothesized to play a role in camouflage or mate recognition, although their function is not yet known with certainty. Previously described as a subgenus of Sphongophorus, in 1997 it was recognized as a genus of its own right after the latter was synonymized with Hypsauchenia.

<i>Anchon</i> Genus of insects

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<i>Heteronotus</i> Genus of insects

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<i>Cladonota apicalis</i> Species of insect

Cladonota apicalis is a species of treehopper within the family Membracidae. The species is found distributed in Mexico, Central America, Ecuador, Bolivia, Peru, Venezuela, and Brazil. Individuals typically reach lengths of 6 to 9 millimeters. The species name was likely given after the white mark on the dorsal posterior surface.

References

  1. ↑ "Security check". www.biolib.cz. Retrieved 2024-03-29.
  2. ↑ "Cladonota Stål, 1869". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 2024-03-29.
  3. ↑ "Cladonota - Encyclopedia of Life". eol.org. Retrieved 2024-03-29.
  4. ↑ "Catalogue of Life | Search Cladonota". COL. Retrieved 2024-03-29.
  5. 1 2 Flynn, Dawn J. (2018). "Review of the Genus Cladonota Stål (Hemiptera: Membracidae: Membracinae: Hypsoprorini) with Keys, Illustrations of Adults, and Known Nymphs, and Description of a New Species from Costa Rica. I. Introduction and Subgenus Falculifera McKamey". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 120 (4): 725. doi:10.4289/0013-8797.120.4.725. S2CID   91937470.
  6. ↑ England, Sam J.; Flynn, Dawn J.; Robert, Daniel (2020-03-13). "A new species of treehopper in the genus Cladonota Stål (Hemiptera: Membracidae: Membracinae: Hypsoprorini) from Costa Rica, with preliminary observations of its behaviour and natural history". Zootaxa. 4750 (4). doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4750.4.11. hdl: 1983/6e4cfba5-ef67-43ee-b71b-11b195567e59 . ISSN   1175-5334.
  7. 1 2 Flynn, Dawn J. (2019). "Review of the genus Cladonota Stål with keys, illustrations of adults, and description of a new species from Ecuador (Hemiptera: Membracidae: Membracinae: Hypsoprorini). II. Subgenus Cladonota Stål". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 121 (3): 405–428. doi:10.4289/0013-8797.121.3.405. S2CID   201192355.
  8. 1 2 Flynn, Dawn J. (2022-04-13). "A new species of Cladonota (Stål) (Hemiptera: Membracidae: Membracinae: Hypsoprorini) Treehopper from Bolivia". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 123 (4): 741–744. doi:10.4289/0013-8797.123.4.741. ISSN   0013-8797.
  9. ↑ Flynn, Dawn J. (2020). "Review of the genus Cladonota Stål with keys, illustrations of adults, and descriptions of four new species from Costa Rica, Honduras and Ecuador (Hemiptera: Membracidae: Membracinae: Hysoprorini). III. Subgenus Lecythifera Fowler". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 122 (3): 604–631. doi:10.4289/0013-8797.122.3.604. S2CID   220714404.
  10. ↑ Flynn, Dawn J. (2020). "Review of the genus Cladonota Stål with Keys and Illustrations of Adults (Hemiptera: Membracidae: Membracinae: Hypsoprorini). IV. Subgenus Lobocladisca Stål". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 122 (4): 821–833. doi:10.4289/0013-8797.122.4.821. S2CID   225077750.
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