District Bernkastel
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The Mosel wine region , located almost entirely in the state of Rhineland-Palatinate, with a small part in Saarland, is one of the 13 regions (Anbaugebiete) for quality wine in Germany defined in the federal wine legislation. For each of the quality wine regions, the state where the vineyards are located keeps a formal vineyard roll (Weinbergsrolle) which lists all formally recognised vineyards of the region, with detailed surveying maps defining the geographical extent of each vineyard. Thus, the full list of Mosel vineyards in fact consist of separate lists in two German states. These lists defines which geographical designations may appear on the wine labels under the principles set down by the national wine law. The lists includes single vineyard designations (Einzellagen), which are grouped together into collective vineyards (Großlagen). Both single and collective vineyard designations are used together with village names.
The state of Rhineland-Palatinate lists the following vineyards. [1] The vineyards are listed by district (Bereich) broadly from west to east, in the downstream direction of the river Moselle.
The following vineyards are defined for Moseltor. [2]
| Single vineyard designation | Collective vineyard designation | Comment | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Village name | Vineyard name | Village name | Vineyard name | |
| Perl | Hasenberg | Perl | Schloß Bübinger | |
| St. Quirinusberg | ||||
| Sehndorf | Marienberg | |||
| Klosterberg | ||||
| Nennig | Schloßberg | |||
| Römerberg | ||||
| Single vineyard designation | Collective vineyard designation | Comment | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Village name [3] | Vineyard name | Village name | Vineyard name | |
| Igel | Dullgärten | Mesenich | Königsberg | |
| Pilgerberg | ||||
| Langsur | Brüderberg | |||
| Held | ||||
| – | A part of the Großlage Königsberg is not part of any Einzellage | |||
| Nittel | Blümchen | Nittel | Gipfel | |
| Leiterchen | ||||
| Rochusfels | ||||
| Hubertusberg | ||||
| Kapellenberg | ||||
| Oberbillig | Hirtengarten | |||
| Römerberg | ||||
| Onsdorf | Hubertusberg | |||
| Palzem | Kapellenberg | |||
| Schloß Thorner Kupp | ||||
| Carlsfelsen | ||||
| Lay | ||||
| Rosenberg | ||||
| Tawern | Schleidberg | |||
| St. Georgshof | ||||
| Wasserliesch | Albachtaler | |||
| Reining auf der Burg | ||||
| Wellen | Altenberg | |||
| Wincheringen | Burg Warsberg | |||
| – | A part of the Großlage Gipfel is not part of any Einzellage | |||
| Single vineyard designation | Collective vineyard designation | Comment | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Village name [3] | Vineyard name | Village name | Vineyard name | |
| Ayl | Herrenberger | Wiltingen | Scharzberg | |
| Kupp | ||||
| Scheidterberg | ||||
| Irsch | Sonnenberg | |||
| Kanzem | Hörecker | |||
| Sonnenberg | ||||
| Altenberg | ||||
| Ritterpfad | ||||
| Kastel-Staadt | Maximiner Prälat | |||
| Konz | Herrenberg | |||
| Liebfrauenberg | ||||
| Pulchen | ||||
| Steinberger | ||||
| Unterberg | ||||
| Urbelt | ||||
| Altenberg | ||||
| Fels | ||||
| Kirchberg | ||||
| Auf der Wiltinger Kupp | ||||
| Euchariusberg | ||||
| Hofberg | ||||
| Karthäuser Klosterberg | ||||
| Agritiusberg | ||||
| Hütte | ||||
| Karlsberg | ||||
| Raul | ||||
| Rosenberg | ||||
| Ockfen | Bockstein | |||
| Geisberg | ||||
| Pellingen | Herrgottsrock | |||
| Saarburg | Antoniusbrunnen | |||
| Bergschlößchen | ||||
| Schloßberg | ||||
| Fuchs | ||||
| Klosterberg | ||||
| Kupp | ||||
| Rausch | ||||
| Laurentiusberg | ||||
| Stirn | ||||
| Schoden | Geisberg | |||
| Herrenber | ||||
| Saarfeilser Marienberg | ||||
| Serrig | Antoniusberg | |||
| Heiligenborn | ||||
| Herrenberg | ||||
| König-Johann-Berg | ||||
| Kupp | ||||
| Schloß Saarsteiner | ||||
| Schloß Saarfelser Schloßberg | ||||
| Vogelsang | ||||
| Würtzberg | ||||
| Wawern | Goldberg | |||
| Herrenberger | ||||
| Jesuitenberg | ||||
| Ritterpfad | ||||
| Wiltingen | Braune Kupp | |||
| Braunfels | ||||
| Gottesfuß | ||||
| Hölle | ||||
| Klosterberg | ||||
| Kupp | ||||
| Rosenberg | ||||
| Sandberg | ||||
| Schlangengraben | ||||
| Schloßberg | ||||
| Scharzhofberg | Does not have to display any village name | |||
| – | – | Part of the Großlage Scharzberg is not part of any Einzellage | ||
The following single vineyard sites are defined for Ruwertal. [4] There is no collective vineyard site (Großlage) in Ruwertal.
| Single vineyard designation | Collective vineyard designation | Comment | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Village name | Vineyard name | Village name | Vineyard name | |
| Morscheid | Heiligenhäuschen | – | – | |
| Dominikanerberg | ||||
| Waldrach | Ehrenberg | |||
| Hubertusberg | ||||
| Jesuitengarten | ||||
| Jungfernberg | ||||
| Krone | ||||
| Laurentiusberg | ||||
| Meisenberg | ||||
| Sonnenberg | ||||
| Heiligenhäuschen | ||||
| Doktorberg | ||||
| Kurfürstenberg | ||||
| Kasel | Herrenberg | |||
| Hitzlay | ||||
| Kehrnagel | ||||
| Nies'chen | ||||
| Paulinsberg | ||||
| Timpert | ||||
| Dominikanerberg | ||||
| Korlingen | Laykaul | |||
| Lorenzhof | Felslay | |||
| Mäuerchen | ||||
| Mertesdorf | Johannisberg | |||
| Herrenberg | ||||
| Maximin Grünhaus | Abtsberg | Maximin Grünhaus is the name of a wine estate rather than a village. It technically fills the role of a village name in the vineyard list, in order to allow this historical estate to display vineyard name in combination with estate name without having to mention the actual village name (Mertesdorf). | ||
| Bruderberg | ||||
| Herrenberg | ||||
| Sommerau | Schloßberg | |||
| Trier | Sonnenberg | |||
| Maximiner | ||||
| Eitelsbach | Marienholz | |||
| Karthäuserhofberg | ||||
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| Single vineyard designation | Collective vineyard designation | Comment | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Village name [3] | Vineyard name | Village name | Vineyard name | |
| Bruttig-Fankel | Götterlay | Cochem | Goldbäumchen | |
| Cochem | Bischofsstuhl | |||
| Herrenberg | ||||
| Hochlay | ||||
| Klostergarten | ||||
| Pinnerkreuzberg | ||||
| Schloßberg | ||||
| Sonnenberg | ||||
| Briedern | Rüberberger Domherrenberg | |||
| Sennheim | ||||
| Ellenz-Poltersdorf | ||||
| Altarberg | ||||
| Kurfürst | ||||
| Ernst | Feuerberg | |||
| Kirchlay | ||||
| Klotten | Brauneberg | |||
| Burg Coreidelsteiner | ||||
| Rosenberg | ||||
| Pommern | ||||
| Goldberg | ||||
| Sonnenuhr | ||||
| Zeisel | ||||
| Moselkern | Kirchberg | |||
| Rosenberg | ||||
| Übereltzer | ||||
| Müden | Funkenberg | |||
| St. Castorhöhle | ||||
| Treis-Karden | Dechantsberg | |||
| Juffermauer | ||||
| Münsterberg | ||||
| Alf | Burggraf | Grafschaft | ||
| Herrenberg | ||||
| Hölle | ||||
| Kapellenberg | ||||
| Katzenkopf | ||||
| Kronenberg | ||||
| Bremm | Calmont | A part of the vineyard is located in Ediger-Eller | ||
| Laurentiusberg | ||||
| Schlemmertröpfchen | ||||
| Frauenberg | A part of the vineyard is located in Neef | |||
| Abtei Kloster Stuben | ||||
| Bullay | Brautrock | |||
| Graf Beyßel Herrenberg | ||||
| Kroneberg | ||||
| Sonneck | ||||
| Ediger-Eller | Bienenlay | |||
| Elzhofberg | ||||
| Engelströpfchen | ||||
| Feuerberg | ||||
| Höll | ||||
| Osterlämmchen | ||||
| Pfirsichgarten | ||||
| Schützenlay | ||||
| Kapplay | ||||
| Stubener Klostersegen | ||||
| Neef | Petersberg | |||
| Rosenberg | ||||
| Nehren | Römerberg | A part of the vineyard is located in Senheim | ||
| Sankt Aldegund | Himmelreich | |||
| Klosterkammer | ||||
| Palmberg-Terrassen | ||||
| Zell | - | A part of the Großlage is not part of any Einzellage | ||
| Burglay-Felsen | Zell | Schwarze Katz | ||
| Domherrenberg | ||||
| Geisberg | ||||
| Kreuzlay | ||||
| Nußberg | ||||
| Petersborn-Kabertchen | ||||
| Pommerell | ||||
| Marienburger | ||||
| Römerquelle | ||||
| Rosenborn | ||||
| Adler | ||||
| Fettgarten | ||||
| Klosterberg | ||||
| Königslay-Terrassen | ||||
| Stephansberg | ||||
| Sonneck | ||||
Liebfraumilch or Liebfrauenmilch is a style of semi-sweet white German wine which may be produced, mostly for export, in the regions Rheinhessen, Palatinate, Rheingau, and Nahe. The original German spelling of the word is Liebfrauenmilch, given to the wine produced from the vineyards of the Liebfrauenkirche or "Church of Our Lady" in the Rhineland-Palatinate city of Worms since the eighteenth century. The spelling Liebfraumilch is more common on labels of exported wine.
Mosel is one of 13 German wine regions (Weinbaugebiete) for quality wines , and takes its name from the Mosel River. Before 1 August 2007 the region was called Mosel-Saar-Ruwer, but changed to a name that was considered more consumer-friendly. The wine region is Germany's third largest in terms of production but some consider it the leading region in terms of international prestige. The region covers the valleys of the rivers Mosel, Saar, and Ruwer from near the mouth of the Mosel at Koblenz and upstream to the vicinity of Trier in the federal state of Rhineland-Palatinate. The area is known for the steep slopes of the region's vineyards overlooking the river. At 65° degrees incline, the steepest recorded vineyard in the world is the Calmont vineyard located on the Mosel and belonging to the village of Bremm, and therefore referred to as Bremmer Calmont. The Mosel is mainly famous for its wines made from the Riesling grape, but Elbling and Müller-Thurgau also contribute to the production, among others. In the past two decades red wine production, especially from the Spätburgunder, has increased in the Mosel and throughout the German vignoble and has become of increasing interest to the international wine community. Because of the northerly location of the Mosel, the Riesling wines are often light, tending to lower alcohol, crisp and high in acidity, and often exhibit "flowery" rather than or in addition to "fruity" aromas. Its most common vineyard soil is derived in the main from various kinds of slate deposits, which tend to give the wines a transparent, mineralic aspect, that often exhibit great depth of flavor. In the current era of climate change much work has been done to improve and gain acceptance for completely dry ("Trocken") Rieslings in this region, so that most of the more famous makers have found acceptance for such wines, particularly in Europe.
German wine is primarily produced in the west of Germany, along the river Rhine and its tributaries, with the oldest plantations going back to the Roman era. Approximately 60 percent of German wine is produced in the state of Rhineland-Palatinate, where 6 of the 13 regions (Anbaugebiete) for quality wine are situated. Germany has about 103,000 hectares of vineyard, which is around one tenth of the vineyard surface in Spain, France or Italy. The total wine production is usually around 10 million hectoliters annually, corresponding to 1.3 billion bottles, which places Germany as the eighth-largest wine-producing country in the world. White wine accounts for almost two thirds of the total production.
The German wine classification system puts a strong emphasis on standardization and factual completeness, and was first implemented by the German Wine Law of 1971. Nearly all of Germany's vineyards are delineated and registered as one of approximately 2,600 Einzellagen, and the produce from any vineyard can be used to make German wine at any quality level, as long as the must weight of the grapes reaches the designated minimum level. As the current German system does not classify vineyards by quality, the measure of wine ’quality’ is the ripeness of the grapes alone.
Kabinett, or sometimes Kabinettwein, is a German language wine term for a wine which is made from fully ripened grapes of the main harvest, typically picked in September, and are usually made in a light style. In the German wine classification system, Kabinett is the lowest level of Prädikatswein, lower in ripeness than Spätlese.
In France, the appellation d'origine contrôlée is a certification of authenticity granted to certain geographical indications for wines, cheeses, butters, and other agricultural products, under the auspices of the Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité (INAO), based upon the terroir and a form of geographic protectionism. Most products with an AOC designation also have a protected designation of origin (PDO) under EU law and UK law. For those products, only the PDO or AOP designation can be used. However, wines with a PDO/AOP status can still use the French AOC designation.
The glossary of wine terms lists the definitions of many general terms used within the wine industry. For terms specific to viticulture, winemaking, grape varieties, and wine tasting, see the topic specific list in the "See also" section below.
Palatinate is a German wine-growing region (Weinbaugebiet) in the area of Bad Dürkheim, Neustadt an der Weinstraße, and Landau in Rhineland-Palatinate. Before 1993, it was known as Rhine Palatinate (Rheinpfalz). With 23,461 hectares under cultivation in 2008, the region is the second largest wine region in Germany after Rheinhessen. There are about 6,800 vintners producing around 6.5 million hectolitres of wine annually.
The classification of wine is based on various criteria including place of origin or appellation, vinification method and style, sweetness and vintage, and the grape variety or varieties used. Practices vary in different countries and regions of origin, and many practices have varied over time. Some classifications enjoy official protection by being part of the wine law in their country of origin, while others have been created by, for example, growers' organizations without such protection.
Trittenheim on the Middle Moselle is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Trier-Saarburg district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.
Graach an der Mosel is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bernkastel-Wittlich district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.
Piesport is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bernkastel-Wittlich district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.
Reil is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bernkastel-Wittlich district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Reil is strongly characterized by winegrowing and tourism. It was the second capital of the Kröver Reich, a Carolingian crown estate that existed until the French Revolution.
Verband Deutscher Prädikatsweingüter e.V. or the Association of German Prädikat Wine Estates, is an association of 200 wineries in Germany that promotes binding quality standards and – since 1990 – also ecological management of its members' wineries. Many of Germany's top wine producers are members. It is commonly known under its acronym VDP.
Nahe is a region (Anbaugebiet) for quality wine in Germany, along the River Nahe in the state of Rhineland-Palatinate. On the region's 4,155 hectares of vineyards in 2008, white wine grapes dominate with 75% and Riesling is the most common variety with 27.2%. A characteristic of the Nahe region is that the soils are very varied owing to the region's volcanic origins.
Ahr is a wine region (Anbaugebiet) for quality wine in Germany, and is located in the valley of the river Ahr, a tributary of Rhine, and is situated in the federal state of Rhineland-Palatinate. With only 558 hectares of vines as of 2008, it is one of smaller of Germany's 13 regions. Despite its northern location it primarily produces red wines, and red grape varieties account for 86% of the vineyard area, which is more than in any other German wine region.
Mittelrhein is a region (Anbaugebiet) for quality wine in Germany, and is located along a 120 km stretch of river Rhine in the tourist portions of the Rhine region known as Middle Rhine. On the left bank of Rhine, vineyards begin immediately downstream of the Nahe estuary and last until Koblenz. On the right bank, vineyards begin where Rheingau ends and last until 8 kilometers south of Bonn, in the Siebengebirge. Parts of the Rhine Gorge, a UNESCO World Heritage since 2002, make up the southern part of Mittelrhein.
Stargarder Land is a small region for country wine in northeastern Germany, which was defined in an amendment to the German wine law on 4 March 2004. Located in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, approximately 100 km north of Berlin, it is by far the northernmost official wine-growing area of Germany. The designation Mecklenburger Landwein is used for country wines from this region.
Wachau is one of Austria's most established and notable wine regions, specializing in dry wines made from Riesling and Grüner Veltliner. Located in Lower Austria along the Danube, west of Vienna and Krems an der Donau, it is one of the westernmost wine producing regions in Austria with only a few scattered plantings in Tyrol being further west. While most of Austria follows a wine classification systems based on ripeness and harvest must weight that parallels the German wine classification system, Wachau wines have a unique classification system. The three classification levels for Wachau wine include Steinfeder for wines up to 11.5% alcohol level, Federspiel for wines between 11.5–12.5% and Smaragd that must have a minimum of 12.5% alcohol level. Despite its renown, the Wachau is a small wine region that usually accounts for only around 3% of Austria's wine production.