Related Research Articles
In ontology, the theory of categories concerns itself with the categories of being: the highest genera or kinds of entities according to Amie Thomasson. To investigate the categories of being, or simply categories, is to determine the most fundamental and the broadest classes of entities. A distinction between such categories, in making the categories or applying them, is called an ontological distinction. Various systems of categories have been proposed, they often include categories for substances, properties, relations, states of affairs or events. A representative question within the theory of categories might articulate itself, for example, in a query like, "Are universals prior to particulars?"
Natural theology, once also termed physico-theology, is a type of theology that seeks to provide arguments for theological topics based on reason and the discoveries of science, the project of arguing for the existence of God on the basis of observed natural facts, and through natural phenomena viewed as divine, or complexities of nature seen as evidence of a divine plan or Will of God, which includes nature itself.
The problem of universals is an ancient question from metaphysics that has inspired a range of philosophical topics and disputes: "Should the properties an object has in common with other objects, such as color and shape, be considered to exist beyond those objects? And if a property exists separately from objects, what is the nature of that existence?"
In the 19th century, the philosophers of the 18th-century Enlightenment began to have a dramatic effect on subsequent developments in philosophy. In particular, the works of Immanuel Kant gave rise to a new generation of German philosophers and began to see wider recognition internationally. Also, in a reaction to the Enlightenment, a movement called Romanticism began to develop towards the end of the 18th century. Key ideas that sparked changes in philosophy were the fast progress of science, including evolution, most notably postulated by Charles Darwin and Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, and theories regarding what is today called emergent order, such as the free market of Adam Smith within nation states, or the Marxist approach concerning class warfare between the ruling class and the working class developed by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Pressures for egalitarianism, and more rapid change culminated in a period of revolution and turbulence that would see philosophy change as well.
This is a list of philosophers from the Western tradition of philosophy.
Modern philosophy is philosophy developed in the modern era and associated with modernity. It is not a specific doctrine or school, although there are certain assumptions common to much of it, which helps to distinguish it from earlier philosophy.
Philosophy and literature involves the literary treatment of philosophers and philosophical themes, and the philosophical treatment of issues raised by literature.
This is an alphabetical index of articles about aesthetics.
A History of Philosophy is a history of Western philosophy written by the English Jesuit priest Frederick Charles Copleston originally published in nine volumes between 1946 and 1975. As is noted by The Encyclopedia Britannica, the work became a "standard introductory philosophy text for thousands of university students, particularly in its U.S. paperback edition." Since 2003 it has been marketed as an eleven volume work with two previously published other works by Copleston being added to the series.
Action Philosophers! was a self-published comic book series by artist Ryan Dunlavey and writer Fred Van Lente, which was awarded a Xeric Grant in 2004, leading to Action Philosophers! # 1's publication in April 2005.
A trichotomy is a three-way classificatory division. Some philosophers pursued trichotomies.
Western philosophy refers to the philosophical thought and work of the Western world. Historically, the term refers to the philosophical thinking of Western culture, beginning with the ancient Greek philosophy of the pre-Socratics. The word philosophy itself originated from the Ancient Greek philosophía (φιλοσοφία), literally, "the love of wisdom" Ancient Greek: φιλεῖν phileîn, "to love" and σοφία sophía, "wisdom").
This is a list of articles in modern philosophy.
This is a list of articles in continental philosophy.
The philosophy of happiness is the philosophical concern with the existence, nature, and attainment of happiness. Some philosophers believe happiness can be understood as the moral goal of life or as an aspect of chance; indeed, in most European languages the term happiness is synonymous with luck. Thus, philosophers usually explicate on happiness as either a state of mind, or a life that goes well for the person leading it. Given the pragmatic concern for the attainment of happiness, research in psychology has guided many modern day philosophers in developing their theories.
A Short History of Ethics: A History of Moral Philosophy from the Homeric Age to the Twentieth Century is a 1966 book on the history of moral philosophy by the Scottish philosopher Alasdair MacIntyre. It is the first of a series of books by MacIntyre on the history and development of ethics.
The Exhortation to the Greeks is an Ancient Greek Christian paraenetic or protreptic text in thirty-eight chapters.
References
- ↑ "Schopenhauer, Arthur | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy". Iep.utm.edu. Retrieved 2019-01-16.
- ↑ Harrie Verstappen (2002-11-09). "Richard Taylor". Cyberbore.com. Retrieved 2019-01-16.
- ↑ "Kierkegaard, Søren | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy". Iep.utm.edu. Retrieved 2019-03-08.
- 1 2 Aristotle. "The Works of Aristotle (12 vols.)". Noet.com. Retrieved 2019-01-16.
- ↑ "Moses Mendelssohn". The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. 2019.
- 1 2 "The Weeping Philosopher vs the Laughing Philosopher(s)". newepicurean.com. 7 January 2014. Retrieved 18 January 2019.
- ↑ Dirda, Michael (2012-05-09). "Book World: Blue-collar intellectual by 'Eric Hoffer: The Longshoreman Philosopher'". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2019-01-16.
- ↑ Johnson, Jone. "Mary Wollstonecraft's Life and Work". Thoughtco.com. Retrieved 2019-03-08.
- ↑ The Editors (1944-04-15). "Giovanni Gentile | Italian philosopher". Britannica.com. Retrieved 2019-01-16.
{{cite web}}:|author=has generic name (help) - ↑ "Lives of the Eminent Philosophers/Book III - Wikisource, the free online library". En.wikisource.org. Retrieved 2019-03-08.
- ↑ Brent, Joseph (1993). Charles Sanders Peirce : a life. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. ISBN 0-253-31267-1. OCLC 26014681.
- ↑ Everett, Daniel (15 August 2019). "The American Aristotle". aeon.co. Retrieved June 7, 2022.