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The Alien and Sedition Acts were a set of four laws enacted in 1798 that applied restrictions to immigration and speech in the United States. The Naturalization Act increased the requirements to seek citizenship, the Alien Friends Act allowed the president to imprison and deport non-citizens, the Alien Enemies Act gave the president additional powers to detain non-citizens during times of war, and the Sedition Act criminalized false and malicious statements about the federal government. The Alien Friends Act and the Sedition Act expired after a set number of years, and the Naturalization Act was repealed in 1802. The Alien Enemies Act is still in effect.
The Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions were political statements drafted in 1798 and 1799 in which the Kentucky and Virginia legislatures took the position that the federal Alien and Sedition Acts were unconstitutional. The resolutions argued that the states had the right and the duty to declare unconstitutional those acts of Congress that the Constitution did not authorize. In doing so, they argued for states' rights and strict construction of the Constitution. The Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions of 1798 were written secretly by Vice President Thomas Jefferson and James Madison, respectively.
The Acts of Union 1800 were parallel acts of the Parliament of Great Britain and the Parliament of Ireland which united the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. The acts came into force between 31 December 1800 and 1 January 1801, and the merged Parliament of the United Kingdom had its first meeting on 22 January 1801.
John Breckinridge was an American lawyer, slave-owning planter, soldier, and politician in Virginia and Kentucky. He served several terms each in both state's legislatures before legislators elected him to the U.S. Senate. He also served as United States Attorney General during the second term of President Thomas Jefferson. He is the progenitor of Kentucky's Breckinridge political family and the namesake of Breckinridge County, Kentucky.
The 5th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met at Congress Hall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, from March 4, 1797, to March 4, 1799, during the first two years of John Adams' presidency. In the context of the Quasi-War with France, the Alien and Sedition Acts were passed by Congress. The Acts were overwhelmingly supported by the Federalists and mostly opposed by the Democratic-Republicans. Some Democratic-Republicans, such as Timothy Bloodworth, said they would support formally going to war against France but they opposed the Alien and Sedition Acts which Bloodworth and others believed were unconstitutional.
This section of the timeline of United States history concerns events from 1790 to 1819.
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The Naturalization Act of 1798 passed by the United States Congress, to amend the residency and notice periods of the previous Naturalization Act of 1795. It increased the period necessary for aliens to become naturalized citizens in the United States from 5 to 14 years and the Declaration of Intention from 3 to 5 years.
Interposition is a claimed right of a U.S. state to oppose actions of the federal government that the state deems unconstitutional. Under the theory of interposition, a state assumes the right to "interpose" itself between the federal government and the people of the state by taking action to prevent the federal government from enforcing laws that the state considers unconstitutional.
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The Roman Catholic Relief Act 1829, also known as the Catholic Emancipation Act 1829, removed the sacramental tests that barred Roman Catholics in the United Kingdom from Parliament and from higher offices of the judiciary and state. It was the culmination of a fifty-year process of Catholic emancipation which had offered Catholics successive measures of "relief" from the civil and political disabilities imposed by Penal Laws in both Great Britain and in Ireland in the seventeenth, and early eighteenth, centuries.
David Meriwether was a United States (U.S.) Congressional Representative from the state of Georgia. U.S. congressman James Meriwether was his son.
The Piracy Act 1717, sometimes called the Transportation Act 1717, was an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain that established a regulated, bonded system to transport criminals to colonies in North America for indentured service, as a punishment for those convicted or attainted in Great Britain, excluding Scotland. The Act established a seven-year transportation sentence as a punishment for people convicted of lesser felonies, and a fourteen-year sentence for more serious crimes, in lieu of capital punishment. Completion of the sentence had the effect of a pardon; the punishment for returning before completion was death. It is commonly accepted that 30,000 convicts may have been transported to the British American colonies, with some estimates going as high as 50,000.
The Report of 1800 was a resolution drafted by James Madison arguing for the sovereignty of the individual states under the United States Constitution and against the Alien and Sedition Acts. Adopted by the Virginia General Assembly in January 1800, the Report amends arguments from the 1798 Virginia Resolutions and attempts to resolve contemporary criticisms against the Resolutions. The Report was the last important explication of the Constitution produced before the 1817 Bonus Bill veto message by Madison, who has come to be regarded as the "Father of the Constitution."
Nullification, in United States constitutional history, is a legal theory that a state has the right to nullify, or invalidate, any federal laws which they deem unconstitutional with respect to the United States Constitution. There are similar theories that any officer, jury, or individual may do the same. The theory of state nullification has never been legally upheld by federal courts, although jury nullification has.
Events from the year 1798 in the United States.
Events from the year 1799 in the United States.
References
- ↑ Georgia; Robert Watkins; George Watkins; Robert Aitken (1800). A Digest of the Laws of the State of Georgia: From Its First Establishment as a British Province Down to the Year 1798, Inclusive, and the Principal Acts of 1799. R. Aitken. p. 229.
- ↑ Allen Daniel Candler (1908). The Revolutionary Records of the State of Georgia ... Franklin-Turner Company. p. 397.
- 1 2 3 "Habersham Family". New Georgia Encyclopedia (University of Georgia). September 11, 2014. Retrieved November 19, 2018.
- ↑ Georgia; Robert Watkins; George Watkins; Robert Aitken (1800). A Digest of the Laws of the State of Georgia: From Its First Establishment as a British Province Down to the Year 1798, Inclusive, and the Principal Acts of 1799. R. Aitken. p. 386.
- ↑ William J. Northen; John Temple Graves (1910). Men of Mark in Georgia: A Complete and Elaborate History of the State from Its Settlement to the Present Time, Chiefly Told in Biographies and Autobiographies of the Most Eminent Men of Each Period of Georgia's Progress and Development. A. B. Caldwell. p. 241.
- ↑ Lucian Lamar Knight (1917). A Standard History of Georgia and Georgians. Lewis publishing Company. p. 2452.
- ↑ Georgia; Robert Watkins; George Watkins; Robert Aitken (1800). A Digest of the Laws of the State of Georgia: From Its First Establishment as a British Province Down to the Year 1798, Inclusive, and the Principal Acts of 1799. R. Aitken. p. 616.
- ↑ Georgia; Augustin Smith Clayton; Thomas W. Adams; Duyckinck (1812). A Compilation of the Laws of the State of Georgia, Passed by the Legislature Since the Political Year 1800, to the Year 1810, Inclusive: Containing All the Laws, Whether in Force Or Not, Passed Within Those Periods, Arranged in a Chronological Order, with Comprehensive References to Those Laws Or Parts of Laws, that are Amended, Suspended Or Repealed : Together with an Appendix, Comprising Such Concurred and Approved Resolutions, as are of a General Operative Nature, and as Relate to the Duty of Officers, the Relief of Individuals, and the Settlement of Boundary Between Counties, and this State with North Carolina : Concluding with a Copious Index to the Whole. Adams & Duyckinck. pp. 68–304.
- 1 2 3 Donald A. DeBats (August 1990). "The Journal of Southern History - An Uncertain Arena: The Georgia House of Representatives, 1808-1861". The Journal of Southern History. Southern Historical Association. 56 (3): 423–456. doi:10.2307/2210285. JSTOR 2210285.
- 1 2 3 Lucian Lamar Knight (1917). A Standard History of Georgia and Georgians. Lewis publishing Company. pp. 2536–2537.
- ↑ Georgia; William Crosby Dawson (1831). A Compilation of the Laws of the State of Georgia, Passed by the Legislature Since the Year 1819 to the Year 1829, Inclusive: Comprising All the Laws Passed Within Those Periods, Arranged Under Titles, with Marginal Notes, and Notes of Reference to the Laws, Or Parts of Laws, which are Amended Or Repealed : to which are Added, Such Concurred and Approved Resolutions, as are Either of General, Local, Or Private Nature : Concluding with a Full and Ample Index to the Laws, and a Separate One to the Resolutions. Grantland and Orme. pp. 417–418.
- ↑ Harriett Nicholls. "General Allen Daniel: Statesman, Soldier, and Namesake of Fort Daniel" (PDF). TheFortDanielFoundation.org. pp. 62–63. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- ↑ Georgia; William Crosby Dawson (1831). A Compilation of the Laws of the State of Georgia, Passed by the Legislature Since the Year 1819 to the Year 1829, Inclusive: Comprising All the Laws Passed Within Those Periods, Arranged Under Titles, with Marginal Notes, and Notes of Reference to the Laws, Or Parts of Laws, which are Amended Or Repealed : to which are Added, Such Concurred and Approved Resolutions, as are Either of General, Local, Or Private Nature : Concluding with a Full and Ample Index to the Laws, and a Separate One to the Resolutions. Grantland and Orme. pp. 319–324.
- ↑ Virginia. General Assembly. House of Delegates (1827). Journal of the House of Delegates of the Commonwealth of Virginia. Commonwealth of Virginia. pp. 9–18.
- ↑ Georgia (1830). Acts Passed by the General Assembly of Georgia November and December 1829. J. Johnston. pp. 1–202.
- ↑ "Nominated by the President.; TELEGRAPHIC BREVITIES". The New York Times. April 1, 1896. Retrieved November 19, 2018.
- 1 2 Georgia's Public Men 1902-1904. Byrd Printing Company. 1902. p. 216.
- 1 2 "Men of mark in Georgia : a complete and elaborate history of the state from its settlement to the present time, chiefly told in biographies and autobiographies of the most eminent men of each period of Georgia's progress and development". A. B. Caldwell (Atlanta). 1912. pp. 236–238. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- ↑ "Georgia's Official Register - 1955-1956" (PDF). State of Georgia - Department of Archives and History. p. 120. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- ↑ Frederick B. Hand, III (1988). "Hand Family and Business Records (c1872-1985) - Manuscript Collection No. 89". Troup County Archives - Troup County Historical Society. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
- ↑ "Georgia's Official Register - 1955-1956" (PDF). State of Georgia - Department of Archives and History. p. 319. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- 1 2 3 Dave Williams (December 3, 2009). "Ga. House Speaker Richardson resigns". Atlanta Business Chronicle. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
