Local Government Commission (Sacramento, California)

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The Local Government Commission (LGC) is a non-profit organization in Sacramento, California dedicated to local environmental sustainability, economic prosperity and social equity. [1] LCG has worked for over 35 years [2] to support local policymakers on topics involving climate change, energy, water and community design. [3] The LGC approach includes connecting leaders, advancing policies and implementing solutions. They do this through the creation of programs to connect local leaders and work on policy advancement by providing technical assistance and advice to local jurisdictions. Some of the specific services provided by the LGC including forums, workshops, training programs, presentations, design charrettes, and community image surveys. [4] The LCG is led by a board of fifteen elected California city and county elected officials and the total membership of the nonprofit encompasses over seven hundred local leaders from around the California and the greater U.S. [5]

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Ahwahnee Principles

In 1991, the LGC helped bring together the architects Peter Calthorpe, Michael Corbett, Andrés Duany, Elizabeth Moule, Elizabeth Plater-Zyberk, Stefanos Polyzoides and Daniel Solomon to develop a set of community principles for land use planning. Called the Ahwahnee Principles [6] (after Yosemite National Park's Ahwanee Lodge). The Ahwahnee Principles were designed to help revitalize existing parts of communities through infill development and create communities that are complete and integrate a mix of uses. These principles, are a blueprint for elected officials and planners to provide compact, mixed use, walkable and transit-oriented development in their communities. The Ahwahnee Principles were the start of the now widespread and diverse SmartGrowth and New Urbanism movement [7] This movement largely arose out of the looming presence of urban sprawl and land consumption that saw exponential expansion since the 1950s. According to the LCG, the ten principles of smart growth are 1) Preservation of open space 2) Development towards existing communities 3) Compact building design 4) Mix land uses 5) Range of housing choices 6) Variety of transportation choices 7) Walkable neighborhoods 8) Strong sense of place 9) Community and stakeholder collaboration 10) Predictable development decision [8]

Civic Spark

The LCG in partnership with the Governor's Office of Planning and Research started CivicSpark; an AmeriCorps program that hires fellows each year to implement targeting projects dedicated to helping build capacity for local governments to address environmental issues in California like climate change and water resource management. Civic Spark is administered by CaliforniaVolunteers and sponsored by the Corporation for National and Community Service. [9]

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Smart growth

Smart growth is an urban planning and transportation theory that concentrates growth in compact walkable urban centers to avoid sprawl. It also advocates compact, transit-oriented, walkable, bicycle-friendly land use, including neighborhood schools, complete streets, and mixed-use development with a range of housing choices. The term "smart growth" is particularly used in North America. In Europe and particularly the UK, the terms "compact city", "urban densification" or "urban intensification" have often been used to describe similar concepts, which have influenced government planning policies in the UK, the Netherlands and several other European countries.

Laguna West-Lakeside is an area located on the west side of the city of Elk Grove in Sacramento County, California. Formally a census-designated place (CDP), Laguna West-Lakeside was annexed by Elk Grove in 2003. The population of Laguna West-Lakeside was 8,414 at the 2000 census, before annexation.

New Urbanism Urban design movement promoting environmentally friendly habits

New Urbanism is an urban design movement which promotes environmentally friendly habits by creating walkable neighbourhoods containing a wide range of housing and job types. It arose in the United States in the early 1980s, and has gradually influenced many aspects of real estate development, urban planning, and municipal land-use strategies. New urbanism attempts to address the ills associated with urban sprawl and post-Second World War suburban development.

Agenda 21 Decision Taken Rio Summit, 1992

Agenda 21 is a non binding action plan of the United Nations with regard to sustainable development. It is a product of the Earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1992. It is an action agenda for the UN, other multilateral organizations, and individual governments around the world that can be executed at local, national, and global levels. One major objective of the Agenda 21 initiative is that every local government should draw its own local Agenda 21. Its aim initially was to achieve global sustainable development by 2000, with the "21" in Agenda 21 referring to the original target of the 21st century.

The National Civic League is an American nonpartisan, non-profit organization founded in 1894 with a mission to advance civic engagement to create equitable, thriving communities. The League envisions a country where the full diversity of community members are actively and meaningfully engaged in local governance, including both decision making and implementation of activities to advance the common good. It also promotes professional management of local government through publication of "model charters" for both city and county governments.

Sustainable community

The term "sustainable communities" has various definitions, but in essence refers to communities planned, built, or modified to promote sustainable living. Sustainable communities tend to focus on environmental and economic sustainability, urban infrastructure, social equity, and municipal government. The term is sometimes used synonymously with "green cities," "eco-communities," "livable cities" and "sustainable cities."

Placemaking

Placemaking is a multi-faceted approach to the planning, design and management of public spaces. Placemaking capitalizes on a local community's assets, inspiration, and potential, with the intention of creating public spaces that promote people's health, happiness, and well-being. It is political due to the nature of place identity. Placemaking is both a process and a philosophy that makes use of urban design principles. It can be either official and government led, or community driven grass roots tactical urbanism, such as extending sidewalks with chalk, paint, and planters, or open streets events such as Bogotá, Colombia's Ciclovía. Good placemaking makes use of underutilized space to enhance the urban experience at the pedestrian scale to build habits of locals.

Principles of intelligent urbanism (PIU) is a theory of urban planning composed of a set of ten axioms intended to guide the formulation of city plans and urban designs. They are intended to reconcile and integrate diverse urban planning and management concerns. These axioms include environmental sustainability, heritage conservation, appropriate technology, infrastructure-efficiency, placemaking, social access, transit-oriented development, regional integration, human scale, and institutional integrity. The term was coined by Prof. Christopher Charles Benninger.

The EcoDensity Initiative was officially launched in 2006 in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, in conjunction with the World Urban Forum. It was an unprecedented planning effort and a response to deconcentration of urban land use due to urban sprawl. The initiative used density, design and land use as catalysts towards livability, affordability and environmental sustainability. The program aimed to reduce car reliance, deliver more efficient urban land use, improve green energy systems and build a resilient and adaptable community. In high-density urban areas, utilizing the existing infrastructure and transit and community amenities tends to lead towards a more sustainable and livable state. Accordingly, EcoDensity was designed to strategically enhance densification with the primary aim of efficiently structured neighbourhoods, denser urban-patterns and increased affordable housing.

The Great Valley Center is a nonprofit organization that supports activities and organizations benefiting the economic, social, and environmental well-being of California's Central Valley. The Great Valley Center operates leadership development programs, organizes conferences and regional events, and provides information and data to the public, nonprofits, policymakers and businesses. The organization has been described as a regional public-policy think tank.

Swanston Estates is a neighborhood situated in North Sacramento, California. It is bordered by Arden Way on the south, Ethan Way on the East, Business 80 on the west, and El Camino Avenue on the north. This area lies behind the Arden Fair Mall. The zip code for the neighborhood is 95815.

Sutter Pointe, California is a proposed planned community in Sutter County, located approximately 4 miles north of the City of Sacramento.

Compact city High density mixed use transit oriented planning

The compact city or city of short distances is an urban planning and urban design concept, which promotes relatively high residential density with mixed land uses. It is based on an efficient public transport system and has an urban layout which – according to its advocates – encourages walking and cycling, low energy consumption and reduced pollution. A large resident population provides opportunities for social interaction as well as a feeling of safety in numbers and "eyes on the street". It is also arguably a more sustainable urban settlement type than urban sprawl because it is less dependent on the car, requiring less infrastructure provision.

ROMA Design Group Firm based in San Francisco, California, US

ROMA Design Group is an interdisciplinary firm of architects, landscape architects, and urban planners based in San Francisco, California, USA. It was founded in 1968 by American architect George T. Rockrise.

LEED for Neighborhood Development (LEED-ND), where "LEED" stands for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design, is a United States-based rating system that integrates the principles of smart growth, urbanism, and green building into a national system for neighborhood design. LEED certification provides independent, third-party verification that a development's location and design meet accepted high levels of environmentally responsible, sustainable development.

Moule & Polyzoides, Architects and Urbanists is an architecture and urban planning firm based out of Pasadena, CA founded in 1990 by partners Elizabeth Moule & Stefanos Polyzoides.

Sacramento City Hall

Sacramento City Hall is a five-story, 267,000-square-foot building that combines modern and historic structures in Sacramento, California. The building can house up to 730 staff members. Prominent local architect Rudolph A. Herold designed the building in 1908. Completed in 1909, the building is located at 915 I Street. Sacramento City Hall went through a major $11 million restoration from 2003 to 2005. The restoration was part of an overall $60 million civic center project with city hall as the cornerstone. Another part of the civic center project was the construction of underground parking garage for 170 cars. Sacramento City Hall now houses all of the city's significant municipal functions.

Complete communities is an urban and rural planning concept that aims to meet the basic needs of all residents in a community, regardless of income, culture, or political ideologies through integrated land use planning, transportation planning, and community design. While the concept is used by many communities as part of their community plan, each plan interprets what complete community means in their own way. The idea of the complete community has roots in early planning theory, beginning with The Garden City Movement, and is a component of contemporary planning methods including Smart Growth.

The Ahwahnee Principles are a set of guidelines that emphasize sustainable urban planning practices. These principles have developed alongside the New Urbanism movement, which incorporates mixed-use, walk-able, compact, and transit-oriented elements in community planning. They were developed by the California-based Local Government Commission in 1991, a group of architects and other professionals urban design. "Ahwahnee" is derived from a name for the Yosemite Valley in California. The Ahwahnee Principles have since expanded to other actions such as the Ahwahnee Principles for Economic Development (1997), the Ahwahnee Water Principle (2005), and the Ahwahnee Principles for Climate Change (2008) by the Local Government Commission.

Karen Chapple American city planning academic

Karen Chapple is an American city planning academic and currently holds the Carmel P. Friesen Chair in Urban Studies at the University of California, Berkeley.

References

  1. "Land Use Planning for Sustainability and Livability". www.cityofsacramento.org. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  2. "Who We Are – Local Government Commission". Local Government Commission. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  3. "Local Government Commission - Leaders for Livable Communities". Local Government Commission. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  4. "Services – Local Government Commission". Local Government Commission. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  5. "Land Use Planning for Sustainability and livability". www.cityofsacramento.org. Retrieved 25 May 2017.
  6. LGC: Principles for Resource-Efficient and Livable Communities Archived 2007-04-12 at the Wayback Machine
  7. "Ahwahnee Principles – Local Government Commission". Local Government Commission. Retrieved 21 May 2017.
  8. "Planning Academy - City of Sacramento". www.cityofsacramento.org. Retrieved 25 May 2017.
  9. "CivicSpark". civicspark.lgc.org. Retrieved 20 April 2017.