Related Research Articles
BPI fold containing family A, member 1 (BPIFA1), also known as Palate, lung, and nasal epithelium clone (PLUNC), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BPIFA1 gene. It was also formerly known as "Secretory protein in upper respiratory tracts" (SPURT). The BPIFA1 gene sequence predicts 4 transcripts ; 3 mRNA variants have been well characterized. The resulting BPIFA1 is a secreted protein, expressed at very high levels in mucosa of the airways and salivary glands; at high levels in oropharyneal epithelium, including tongue and tonsils; and at moderate levels many other tissue types and glands including pituitary, testis, lung, bladder, blood, prostate, pancreas, levels in the digestive tract and pancreas. The protein can be detected on the apical side of epithelial cells and in airway surface liquid, nasal mucus, and sputum.
RNA activation (RNAa) is a small RNA-guided and Argonaute (Ago)-dependent gene regulation phenomenon in which promoter-targeted short double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) induce target gene expression at the transcriptional/epigenetic level. RNAa was first reported in a 2006 PNAS paper by Li et al. who also coined the term "RNAa" as a contrast to RNA interference (RNAi) to describe such gene activation phenomenon. dsRNAs that trigger RNAa have been termed small activating RNA (saRNA). Since the initial discovery of RNAa in human cells, many other groups have made similar observations in different mammalian species including human, non-human primates, rat and mice, plant and C. elegans, suggesting that RNAa is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism of gene regulation.
Ubiquitin-associated protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the UBAP1 gene.
PIN2/TERF1-interacting telomerase inhibitor 1, also known as PINX1, is a human gene. PINX1 is also known as PIN2 interacting protein 1. PINX1 is a telomerase inhibitor and a possible tumor suppressor.
Metastasis-associated protein MTA3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MTA3 gene. MTA3 protein localizes in the nucleus as well as in other cellular compartments MTA3 is a component of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylate (NuRD) complex and participates in gene expression. The expression pattern of MTA3 is opposite to that of MTA1 and MTA2 during mammary gland tumorigenesis. However, MTA3 is also overexpressed in a variety of human cancers.
Bromodomain-containing protein 3 (BRD3) also known as RING3-like protein (RING3L) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BRD3 gene. This gene was identified based on its homology to the gene encoding the RING3 (BRD2) protein, a serine/threonine kinase. The gene maps to 9q34, a region which contains several major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes.
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 6 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PAK6 gene.
Long non-coding RNAs are a type of RNA, generally defined as transcripts more than 200 nucleotides that are not translated into protein. This arbitrary limit distinguishes long ncRNAs from small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), and other short RNAs. Given that some lncRNAs have been reported to have the potential to encode small proteins or micro-peptides, the latest definition of lncRNA is a class of RNA molecules of over 200 nucleotides that have no or limited coding capacity. Long intervening/intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs) are sequences of lncRNA which do not overlap protein-coding genes.
Transmembrane protein 8B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TMEM8B gene. It encodes for a transmembrane protein that is 338 amino acids long, and is located on human chromosome 9. Aliases associated with this gene include C9orf127, NAG-5, and NGX61.
HOTAIR is a human gene located between HOXC11 and HOXC12 on chromosome 12. It is the first example of an RNA expressed on one chromosome that has been found to influence transcription of HOXD cluster posterior genes located on chromosome 2. The sequence and function of HOTAIR is different in human and mouse. Sequence analysis of HOTAIR revealed that it exists in mammals, has poorly conserved sequences and considerably conserved structures, and has evolved faster than nearby HoxC genes. A subsequent study identified HOTAIR has 32 nucleotide long conserved noncoding element (CNE) that has a paralogous copy in HOXD cluster region, suggesting that the HOTAIR conserved sequences predates whole genome duplication events at the root of vertebrate. While the conserved sequence paralogous with HOXD cluster is 32 nucleotide long, the HOTAIR sequence conserved from human to fish is about 200 nucleotide long and is marked by active enhancer features.
miR-138 is a family of microRNA precursors found in animals, including humans. MicroRNAs are typically transcribed as ~70 nucleotide precursors and subsequently processed by the Dicer enzyme to give a ~22 nucleotide product. The excised region or, mature product, of the miR-138 precursor is the microRNA mir-138.
MicroRNA 138-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MIR138-1 gene.
Colon cancer associated transcript 1 is a long non-coding RNA that, in humans, is encoded by the CCAT1 gene.
BRAF-activated non-protein coding RNA is a noncoding RNA that in humans is encoded by the BANCR gene. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the intricate network of cancer and contribute significantly to tumorigenesis and progression. BRAF activated non-coding RNA (BANCR), a 693-bp four-exon transcript, was first identified in 2012 as an oncogenic long non-coding RNA in BRAFV600E melanomas cells and was found to be associated with melanoma cell migration. Apart from melanoma, growing evidence has implicated BANCR in the development and progression of a variety of other human malignancies, including retinoblastoma, lung cancer, and gastric cancer, since its discovery. The pattern of expression of BANCR varies according to the kind of cancer, acting as either a tumour suppressor or an accelerator. Functional BANCR may be a useful biomarker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis assessment. BANCR-targeted therapy may also prove to be a promising new treatment option for human cancers.
Cytoskeleton regulator RNA is a long non-coding RNA that in humans is encoded by the CYTOR gene.
MicroRNA 141 is a non-coding RNA molecule that in humans is encoded by the MIR141 gene.
MicroRNA 195 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MIR195 gene.
Small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 is a non-protein coding RNA that in humans is encoded by the SNHG1 gene.
MIR22HG, also known as C17orf91, MGC14376, MIRN22, hsa-mir-22, and miR-22 is a human gene that encodes a noncoding RNA (ncRNA).This RNA molecule is not translated into a protein but nonetheless may have important functions.
References
- ↑ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ↑ "Entrez Gene: Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 312" . Retrieved 2017-03-22.
