Camp 9 was one of three main prisoner of war and internee camps in South Australia (the others being Loveday Camp 10 and Loveday Camp 14). All were located at Loveday, in South Australia's Riverland, approximately 30 kilometres from Renmark, with Camp 9 approximately 8 kilometres from Barmera.
The camp (also known as Italian Internee Camp No. 9) could hold up to 1,000 people, detaining Italian civilian internees, and later Italian prisoners of war. [1]
The camp began operations on 12 August 1940, and the first Italian POW arrived at the camp on 11 June 1941. The camp guard was provided by members of 25/33 Garrison Battalion, a militia unit of the Australian Army. Many internees were released from the camp in 1944.
A prisoner of war (POW) is a person who is held captive by a belligerent power during or immediately after an armed conflict. The earliest recorded usage of the phrase "prisoner of war" dates back to 1610.
Cowra is a small town in the Central West region of New South Wales, Australia. It is the largest population centre and the council seat for the Cowra Shire, with a population of 9,863.
Murchison is a small riverside rural village located on the Goulburn River in Victoria, Australia. Murchison is located 167 kilometres from Melbourne and is just to the west of the Goulburn Valley Highway between Shepparton and Nagambie. The surrounding countryside contains orchards, vineyards and dairy farms and also HM Prison Dhurringile. At the 2016 census, Murchison had a population of 925.
Tatura is a town in the Goulburn Valley region of Victoria, Australia, and is situated within the City of Greater Shepparton local government area, 167 kilometres (104 mi) north of the state capital (Melbourne) and 18 kilometres (11 mi) west of the regional centre of Shepparton. At the 2021 census, Tatura had a population of 4,955.
The Raid on Los Baños in the Philippines, early Friday morning on 23 February 1945, was executed by a combined United States Army Airborne and Filipino guerrilla task force, resulting in the liberation of 2,147 Allied civilian and military internees from an agricultural school campus turned Japanese internment camp. The 250 Japanese in the garrison were killed. It has been celebrated as one of the most successful rescue operations in modern military history. It was the second precisely-executed raid by combined U.S.-Filipino forces within a month, following on the heels of the Raid at Cabanatuan at Luzon on 30 January, in which 522 Allied military POWs had been rescued. The air/sea/land raid was the subject of a 2015 nonfiction book, Rescue at Los Baños: The Most Daring Prison Camp Raid of World War II, by New York Times bestselling author Bruce Henderson.
Stalag VIII-C was a German World War II prisoner-of-war camp, near Sagan, Lower Silesia. It was adjacent to the famous Stalag Luft III, and was built at the beginning of World War II, occupying 48 ha. It housed Allied POWs of various nationalities, incl. Polish, French, Belgian, British, Canadian, Greek, Yugoslav, Soviet, Australian, New Zealand, South African, Italian, Senegalese, Algerian, Moroccan and Slovak.
Systematic POW labor in the Soviet Union is associated primarily with the outcomes of World War II and covers the period of 1939–1956, from the official formation of the first POW camps, to the repatriation of the last POWs, from the Kwantung Army.
Batu Lintang camp at Kuching, Sarawak on the island of Borneo was a Japanese-run internment camp during the Second World War. It was unusual in that it housed both Allied prisoners of war (POWs) and civilian internees. The camp, which operated from March 1942 until the liberation of the camp in September 1945, was housed in buildings that were originally British Indian Army barracks. The original area was extended by the Japanese, until it covered about 50 acres. The camp population fluctuated, due to movement of prisoners between camps in Borneo, and as a result of the deaths of the prisoners. It had a maximum population of some 3,000 prisoners.
Polish prisoners of war and internees in Soviet Russia and Lithuania — Polish soldiers and citizens who were captured and interned during the Polish-Soviet War and remained in the custody of Soviet and Lithuanian authorities. Their condition is one of the less researched controversies of that period.
After World War II there were from 560,000 to 760,000 Japanese personnel in the Soviet Union and Mongolia interned to work in labor camps as POWs. Of them, it is estimated that between 60,000 and 347,000 died in captivity.
Camp 14 was one of three main prisoner of war and internee camps in South Australia.
Katarapko Wood Camp was a World War II prisoner of war camp, located on Katarapko Island, on the River Murray near Loxton, in South Australia's Riverland. It was officially part of the Loveday Camp complex, and housed Italian prisoners of war, who were employed as wood cutters for the Allied war effort. It was similar to wood camps throughout South Australia at the time, including two others attached to the Loveday POW camps - Moorook West and Woolenook.
The Changi Chapel and Museum is a war museum dedicated to Singapore's history during the Second World War and the Japanese occupation of Singapore. After the British Army was defeated by the Imperial Japanese Army in the Battle of Singapore, thousands of prisoners of war (POWs) were imprisoned in Changi prison camp for three and a half years. While interned there, the POWs built numerous chapels, one of which was named St George's Church.
Woolenook Wood Camp was a World War II internment and prisoner of war camp in the Australian state of South Australia located Murtho along the River Murray, in the state's Riverland. It was officially part of the Loveday Camp complex, and housed Japanese internees and later, Japanese prisoners of war. As internees, they had the option to accept paid work and they were employed as wood cutters for the Allied war effort. Timber was required to fuel Renmark's steam-powered irrigation pump for food production while fossil fuels were in low supply. The cut logs were collected and transported to Renmark on the PS Ulonga captained by Bob Reed. Woolenook was similar to wood camps throughout South Australia at the time, including two others attached to the Loveday POW camps - Moorook West and Katarapko.
Camp 10 was one of three main prisoner of war and internee camps in South Australia. All were located near Loveday, in South Australia'sRiverland, with Camp 10 approximately 12 kilometres from Renmark.
Moorook West (Wood Camp) was a short lived World War II prisoner of war camp in the Australian state of South Australia, located in Loveday near the River Murray, in the state's Riverland. It was officially part of the Loveday Camp complex, and housed Japanese prisoners of war. They were employed as wood cutters for the Allied war effort. It was similar to wood camps throughout South Australia at the time, including two others attached to the Loveday POW camps - Woolenook (Wood Camp) and Katarapko (Wood Camp). The camp was officially closed on 21 February 1943.
Loveday is a town and locality in the Riverland region of South Australia, located east of the Moorook Game Reserve, 6 km south-west of Barmera, and 30 km north-west of Loxton. Administratively it is part of the Berri Barmera Council LGA. At the 2006 census, Loveday had a population of 1,071. During World War II, it housed the largest internment camp complex in Australia, with some 5,000 detainees.
The Hay Internment and POW camps at Hay, New South Wales, Australia were established during World War II as prisoner-of-war and internment centres, due in no small measure to the isolated location of the town. Three high-security camps were constructed in 1940. The first arrivals were over two thousand refugees from Nazi Germany and Austria, most of whom were Jewish; they had been interned in the United Kingdom when fears of an armed invasion of Britain were at their peak.
Italian prisoners of war in Australia were Italian soldiers captured by the British and Allied Forces in World War II and taken to Australia.