Lucila Ohno-Machado | |
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 Lucila Ohno-Machado at 2012 National Science Foundation panel | |
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Lucila Ohno-Machado is a biomedical engineer and Deputy Dean for Biomedical Informatics at the Yale University School of Medicine. She is an elected member of the American Society for Clinical Investigation and the National Academy of Medicine.
Ohno-Machado's grew up in Brazil and her early educational interests were in the field of mathematics and health care. However, in Brazil she had to pursue just one discipline and find a way to combine her interests. [1]
Ohno-Machado earned an MD from the University of São Paulo School of Medicine in Brazil in 1987, where she had been educated since 1982. [2] She also has a Master of Health Administration from Escola de Administração de Empresas de São Paulo, Brazil, where she studied from 1989 to 1991. Before biomedical informatics was a well known topic she had to be creative in combining her interests, and when Stanford University created a medical information science program she chose to obtain her PhD from this institution.
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Ohno-Machado's career spans two continents and a diversity of appointments. During her time studying for a Master of Health Administration, from 1990 to 1991, she was the director of Medical Informatics for the University of São Paulo's radiology department. [3] She then moved to the United States in 1991, becoming a research fellow in medicine at Stanford University from 1991 to 1996, where she earned a PhD in medical information sciences and computer science. [4] While there, she wrote several papers on both machine learning and AIDS, mostly to do with radiological pattern recognition for classification and survival prediction. Her work in this period mainly served to help radiological technicians and their patients better understand situations involving minute changes and irregularities that are hard to visualize but can yield important data points. Such cases include her study on finding low-frequency patterns amongst noisy datasets. [5] During her residency at Stanford University, Ohno-Machado received 3 awards. The first of which was the Martin Epstein Award, presented by the American Medical Informatics Association, for her paper on the use of backpropagation networks in recognizing low frequency patterns, [6] the second being a Doctoral Dissertation Award from the United States Department of Health and Human Services, both in 1994, and then the Dean's Fellowship award from Stanford's School of Medicine in 1995. [4] In 1997, she moved to the Boston area to become a professor at the Department of Radiology and the Division of Health Sciences and Technology at Harvard-MIT. [4] She went on to direct the Harvard-MIT-Tufts-Boston University training program in biomedical informatics [4] [7] and was the associate director of the Department of Radiology's Decision Systems Group at Brigham & Women's Hospital. [8] While in Boston, She remained a part of the Californian scientific community, and in 2009, founded the Department of Biomedical Informatics at UC San Diego. [7] She also received several accolades for her work in biomedical informatics during this period. She worked mainly in the Boston area with Harvard, MIT and Brigham and Women's Hospital until around 2010, when she became the editor-in-chief of the Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association. [9] After 2 consecutive 4 year terms, her term at AMIA ended, and she went on to work at the National Academy of Medicine [10] This is considered one of the highest honors in the fields of health and medicine. As an early member of the now burgeoning field of bioinformatics, and a champion of equality, "Ohno-Machado’s career has focused on making health data more accessible and usable, so patients and clinicians can make better informed, evidenced-based health decisions together.". [11] She is also the founding chair of the University of California Research eXchange program, that provides more than 15 million de-identified patient records from the five largest UC health systems (San Diego, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Davis and Irvine). It is now expanding across California the United States. [12] Her work has varied much over her career, leading projects to validate breast cancer biomarkers, improve medical alert response technology, assess embryo quality in assisted reproductive technology, predict length of stay after surgery and automate medical device safety monitoring. [11] The algorithms she developed allow complex multivariate predictive models to be built in a distributed fashion, and constitute a very important contribution to biomedical data science. An advocate for open and secure data, she co-leads the California Precision Medicine Consortium, which manages the All of Us (initiative) Research Program in California, a program to collect genetic, biological, environmental, health and lifestyle data from 1 million or more volunteer participants from the United States. Her models and data have been central to the development of the field of bioinformatics and the further integration of technology into the field of medicine. [11] She is currently the deputy dean for biomedical informatics at Yale University, leading the newly created Section for Biomedical Informatics and Data Science, with the stated goal of "bring[ing] informatics to the clinic and the bedside; innovate new approaches to the analysis of big data across the biomedical research spectrum from basic genetic, proteomic, cellular, and systems biology to the understanding of the social determinants of health; and work in concert with colleagues in data science". [12] Her work will also focus on addressing inequality and security in health care.
Renato Marcos Endrizzi Sabbatini is a retired professor at the Department of Biomedical Engineering and at the State University of Campinas Institute of Biology. He received a B.Sc. in Biomedical Sciences from Medical School of the University of São Paulo and a doctorate in behavioral neuroscience in 1977, followed by postdoctoral work at the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry's Primate Behavior Department. He founded the Center for Biomedical Informatics, and helped create the Brazilian Society for Health Informatics.
UC San Diego Health is the academic health system of the University of California, San Diego in San Diego, California. It is the only academic health system serving San Diego and has one of only two adult Level I trauma centers in the region. In operation since 1966, it comprises UC San Diego Medical Center in Hillcrest as well as Jacobs Medical Center, Moores Cancer Center, Shiley Eye Institute, Sulpizio Cardiovascular Center, and Koman Family Outpatient Pavilion, all located in La Jolla. It also includes several outpatient sites located throughout San Diego County. The health system works closely with the university's School of Medicine and Skaggs School of Pharmacy to provide training to medical and pharmacy students and advanced clinical care to patients.
The University of California San Diego School of Medicine is the graduate medical school of the University of California, San Diego, a public land-grant research university in La Jolla, California. It was the third medical school in the University of California system, after those established at UCSF and UCLA, and is the only medical school in the San Diego metropolitan area. It is closely affiliated with the medical centers that are part of UC San Diego Health.
Edward ("Ted") Hance Shortliffe is a Canadian-born American biomedical informatician, physician, and computer scientist. Shortliffe is a pioneer in the use of artificial intelligence in medicine. He was the principal developer of the clinical expert system MYCIN, one of the first rule-based artificial intelligence expert systems, which obtained clinical data interactively from a physician user and was used to diagnose and recommend treatment for severe infections. While never used in practice, its performance was shown to be comparable to and sometimes more accurate than that of Stanford infectious disease faculty. This spurred the development of a wide range of activity in the development of rule-based expert systems, knowledge representation, belief nets and other areas, and its design greatly influenced the subsequent development of computing in medicine.
Vimla Lodhia Patel is a Fijian-born Canadian cognitive psychologist and biomedical informaticist.
Homer Richards Warner was an American cardiologist who was an early proponent of medical informatics who pioneered many aspects of computer applications to medicine. Author of the book, Computer-Assisted Medical Decision-Making, published in 1979, he served as CIO for the University of Utah Health Sciences Center, as president of the American College of Medical Informatics, and was actively involved with the National Institutes of Health. He was first chair of the Department of Medical Informatics at the University of Utah School of Medicine, the first American medical program to formally offer a degree in medical informatics.
Yves A. Lussier is a physician-scientist conducting research in Precision medicine, Translational bioinformatics and Personal Genomics. As a co-founder of Purkinje, he pioneered the commercial use of controlled medical vocabulary organized as directed semantic networks in electronic medical records, as well as Pen computing for clinicians.
The University of Utah School of Medicine is located on the upper campus of the University of Utah in Salt Lake City, Utah. It was founded in 1905 and is currently the only MD-granting medical school in the state of Utah.
Philip Eric Bourne is an Australian bioinformatician, non-fiction writer, and businessman. He is currently Stephenson Chair of Data Science and Director of the School of Data Science and Professor of Biomedical Engineering and was the first associate director for Data Science at the National Institutes of Health, where his projects include managing the Big Data to Knowledge initiative, and formerly Associate Vice Chancellor at UCSD. He has contributed to textbooks and is a strong supporter of open-access literature and software. His diverse interests have spanned structural biology, medical informatics, information technology, structural bioinformatics, scholarly communication and pharmaceutical sciences. His papers are highly cited, and he has an h-index above 50.
Translational bioinformatics (TBI) is a field that emerged in the 2010s to study health informatics, focused on the convergence of molecular bioinformatics, biostatistics, statistical genetics and clinical informatics. Its focus is on applying informatics methodology to the increasing amount of biomedical and genomic data to formulate knowledge and medical tools, which can be utilized by scientists, clinicians, and patients. Furthermore, it involves applying biomedical research to improve human health through the use of computer-based information system. TBI employs data mining and analyzing biomedical informatics in order to generate clinical knowledge for application. Clinical knowledge includes finding similarities in patient populations, interpreting biological information to suggest therapy treatments and predict health outcomes.
Christopher G. Chute is a Bloomberg Distinguished Professor at Johns Hopkins University, physician-scientist and biomedical informatician known for biomedical terminologies and health information technology (IT) standards. He chairs the World Health Organization Revision Steering Group for the revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11).
David Bates is an American-born physician, biomedical informatician, and professor, who is internationally renowned for his work regarding the use of health information technology (HIT) to improve the safety and quality of healthcare, in particular by using clinical decision support. Bates has done work in the area of medication safety. He began by describing the epidemiology of harm caused by medications, first in hospitalized patients and then in other settings such as the home and nursing homes. Subsequently, he demonstrated that by implementing computerized physician order entry (CPOE), medication safety could be dramatically improved in hospitals. This work led the Leapfrog Group to call CPOE one of the four changes that would most improve the safety of U.S. healthcare. It also helped hospitals to justify investing in electronic health records and in particular, CPOE. Throughout his career, Bates has published over 600 peer reviewed articles and is the most cited researcher in the fields of both patient safety and biomedical informatics, with an h-index of 115. In a 2013 analysis published by the European Journal of Clinical Investigation, he ranked among the top 400 living biomedical researchers of any type. He is currently editor of the Journal of Patient Safety.
Scott M. Lippman is the former Director of Moores Cancer Center at the University of California, San Diego and current Professor of Medicine at UC San Diego School of Medicine.
John W. Ayers is an adjunct associate professor and epidemiologist at University of California, San Diego, affiliated both with the university's School of Medicine and its Qualcomm Institute. He researches in the field of public health informatics and the use of social media data in detecting behavioral health trends. His public health research expertise is in studying the circulation of information online. Trained in both political science and data science, he has published in medical journals including Journal of the American Medical Association, JAMA Internal Medicine, American Journal of Public Health, and American Journal of Preventive Medicine. His research findings have been featured in national and international media sources, including The New York Times, The Washington Post, Los Angeles Times, Time, and Newsweek.
Yuval Shahar, M.D., Ph.D., is an Israel professor, physician, researcher and computer scientist
Gary S. Firestein is an American rheumatologist, professor, and founding director of the Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute (ACTRI) at the University of California San Diego and Senior Associate Vice Chancellor for Health Sciences at University of California, San Diego.
JoAnn Trejo is an American pharmacologist, cell biologist, a professor, and also an assistant vice chancellor in the department of health sciences faculty affairs in the Department of Pharmacology at the School of Medicine at University of California, San Diego. She is also the assistant vice chancellor for Health Sciences Faculty Affairs. Trejo studies cell signalling by protease-activated G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). She is also actively involved in mentoring, education and outreach activities to increase the diversity of science.
Julia Adler-Milstein is a Professor of Medicine and Director of the Center for Clinical Informatics and Improvement Research at the University of California, San Francisco. In 2019, she was named a Member of the National Academy of Medicine.
Wendy Webber Chapman is an American research scientist in biomedical Natural language processing and Information Extraction. In 2019, after serving for six years as Chair of the University of Utah School of Medicine Division of Biomedical Informatics, Chapman left the institution to join the University of Melbourne.
Teri E. Klein is an American professor of Biomedical Data Science and Medicine at Stanford University. She is known for her work on pharmacogenomics and computational biology.
