Lychna

Last updated April 21, 2019

Lychna (Greek : Λύχνα) is a village and a community in the island of Lemnos, Greece. In 2001 its population was 110 people for the village, and 320 for the community, which includes the village Anemoessa.^[1] It is part of the municipal unit of Moudros. It is situated at about one kilometer from the swampy shore of the bay of Moudros, at 10 m elevation. It is 1.5 km south of Varos, 2 km northwest of Romanou, 4 km north of Moudros and 18 km east of Myrina.

Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece, Cyprus and other parts of the Eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea. It has the longest documented history of any living Indo-European language, spanning more than 3000 years of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the major part of its history; other systems, such as Linear B and the Cypriot syllabary, were used previously. The alphabet arose from the Phoenician script and was in turn the basis of the Latin, Cyrillic, Armenian, Coptic, Gothic, and many other writing systems.

Lemnos is a Greek island in the northern part of the Aegean Sea. Administratively the island forms a separate municipality within the Lemnos regional unit, which is part of the North Aegean region. The principal town of the island and seat of the municipality is Myrina. At 477.583 square kilometres (184.396 sq mi), it is the 8th-largest island of Greece.

Greece, officially the Hellenic Republic, also known as Hellas, is a country located in Southern and Southeast Europe, with a population of approximately 11 million as of 2016. Athens is the nation's capital and largest city, followed by Thessaloniki.

Population

Year	Village	Community
1921	318	-
1981	120	-
1991	137	-
2001	132	338
2011	110	320

Name

According to tradition, its name (meaning "lights") is derived from the small lamps of the houses, that were visible at night to sailors on the bay. It can't be excluded that there was some sort of lighthouse, from which the name could be derived. On the English Admiralty charts a small cape named Akra Likhna was indicated.

The village was first mentioned in 1785 by the French traveller Choiseul-Gouffier. On his map the name was marked including the article "ta": Taligna (τα Λύχνα ta Lychna), and the nearby cape was marked as Cap Blanc. The same error was made by the travellers Conze (1850, Talihna) and De Launay (1898, Talikna). In 1904 Friedrich correctly mentioned it as Lychna.

History

In the 19th century, it was an organised village that was mentioned in public documents. In 1856, there were 71 men between 18 and 60, who paid 2,272 piastres to avoid subscription. In 1874, there were 50 Christian families, and there were 67 houses. Its residents were farmers and pastoralists, and many worked in Asia Minor as builders and artisans. Outside the village, near the cemetery, there is a spring from which the village obtained its water. Near this spring there was a French military camp during the First World War.

The piastre or piaster is any of a number of units of currency. The term originates from the Italian for "thin metal plate". The name was applied to Spanish and Hispanic American pieces of eight, or pesos, by Venetian traders in the Levant in the 16th century.

World War I 1914–1918 global war originating in Europe

World War I, also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. Contemporaneously described as "the war to end all wars", it led to the mobilisation of more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, making it one of the largest wars in history. It is also one of the deadliest conflicts in history, with an estimated nine million combatants and seven million civilian deaths as a direct result of the war, while resulting genocides and the 1918 influenza pandemic caused another 50 to 100 million deaths worldwide.

In 1912, Lychna became an independent community. In the interwar period, the village saw some growth, and it had 318 inhabitants in 1928. After the Second World War, due to the emigration, its population declined, to 120 inhabitants in 1981. Many of its inhabitants moved to Athens. In 1991, the communities of Lychna and Anemoessa were united. In 2001 the combined population was 338.

World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. The vast majority of the world's countries—including all the great powers—eventually formed two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. A state of total war emerged, directly involving more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. The major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. World War II was the deadliest conflict in human history, marked by 50 to 85 million fatalities, most of whom were civilians in the Soviet Union and China. It included massacres, the genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, premeditated death from starvation and disease, and the only use of nuclear weapons in war.

Points of interest

In 1865, the church of Saint Demetrius was built. In 1924, an impressive external narthex with carved stonework was added. Two carved columns with elaborately carved capitals came from an older church. The church was decorated by Grigorios Papamalis in 1940.

The narthex is an architectural element typical of early Christian and Byzantine basilicas and churches consisting of the entrance or lobby area, located at the west end of the nave, opposite the church's main altar. Traditionally the narthex was a part of the church building, but was not considered part of the church proper.

Due to its small population, the village never had a community school. Its children attended schools in the nearby villages Romanou and Varos. In 1910, a beautiful school was built in a prominent spot at the expense of Dimitrios G. Makris, a businessman in Egypt. He also restored the village aqueduct.

Romanou is a village and a community on the island of Lemnos, Greece. It is part of the municipal unit of Moudros. The community consists of the village Romanou and the deserted rural settlement Komi. Romanou is 2 km southwest of Repanidi, 2 km southeast of Lychna and 4 km northeast of Moudros.

Egypt, officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia by a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. Egypt is a Mediterranean country bordered by the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Gulf of Aqaba and the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south, and Libya to the west. Across the Gulf of Aqaba lies Jordan, across the Red Sea lies Saudi Arabia, and across the Mediterranean lie Greece, Turkey and Cyprus, although none share a land border with Egypt.

Related Research Articles

Koukonesi is a small island, situated in the Moudros harbour, west of Poliochne, on the island of Lemnos in the Aegean Sea. The island is a very important archaeological find due to its possible links with Troy. It has been found that Koukonesi towns are of the same chronological period with some of the cities of Troy. The best preserved settlements found on Koukonesi are from the Middle Bronze Age, 2000 BC—1650 BC. The findings have shown that Koukonesi's inhabitants had close commercial relations with Asia Minor, other Aegean Sea islands and mainland Greece. Greek archaeologists also discovered Mycenaean ceramics of the late 13th century BC which may prove that a permanent settlement was established around the epoch of the Trojan war.

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Angariones is a village in the Greek island of Lemnos, part of the municipal unit Nea Koutali. In 2011 its population was 116. It is situated in the western part of the island, 1.5 km north of Portianou, 2 km west of Nea Koutali, 4 km northeast of Kontias, 4 km west of the Lemnos Airport and 10 km east of Myrina.

Kallithea is a village in the Greek island of Lemnos, part of the municipal unit Nea Koutali. In 2011 its population was 182.

Livadochori is a village and a community in the Greek island of Lemnos, part of the municipal unit Nea Koutali. In 2011 its population was 237 for the village, and 373 for the community, which includes the village Poliochni. It is situated in the central part of the island, 1 km northwest of Kallithea, 2 km north of Nea Koutali, 7 km northwest of Moudros and 12 km northeast of Myrina. The Lemnos International Airport is 3 km east.

Kalliopi is a settlement in the municipal unit of Moudros, on the Greek island of Limnos. In 2011 its population was 207. It is situated in the eastern part of the island, 1 km southeast of Kontopouli and 1.5 km north of the lagoon Chortarolimni. The village's 3 km long beach is on the Keros Gulf. The gulf is east of the village and was an important port until the late Middle Ages. The name "Keros" meaning "horn" refers to its shape.

Fisini is a village and a community in the southeastern part of the island of Lemnos, Greece. It is in the municipal unit of Moudros. In 2011 its population was 57 for the village, and 107 for the community, which includes the village Agia Sofia.

Agios Alexandros is a settlement in the northeastern part of the Aegean island of Lemnos, Greece. It is part of the municipal unit of Moudros and the community of Kontopouli. The population was 0 at the 2011 census. It is located north of the Alyki Lagoon, 4 km southwest of Panagia and 5 km northeast of Kontopouli.

Kaminia is a village in the northeast of the island of Lemnos, Greece. It is a community of the municipal unit of Moudros. From 1918 until 1998, it was an independent community. The population in 2011 was 234 for the village and 243 for the community, which includes the village Vroskopos. It is located in the southeastern peninsula of the island, 5 km east of Moudros, 6 km northwest of Fisini and 7 km south of Kontopouli. Its elevation is about 60 m. Its area is 12.847 km², of which 7.60 km² are arable.

Kontopouli is a village and a community in the municipal unit of Moudros in the northeastern part of the island of Lemnos, Greece. In 2011 its population was 623 for the village and 634 for the community, which includes the small villages Agios Alexandros and Agios Theodoros. Its total area is 37.04 km². Kontopouli is 1 km northwest of Kalliopi, 3 km east of Repanidi and 8 km northeast of Moudros.

Plaka is a village in the northeasternmost part of the island of Lemnos, Greece. It is part of the municipal unit of Moudros. In 2011 its population was 310 people. The island of Imbros in Turkey is just 24 km northeast. It is situated somewhere in the middle of the straight line between Troy and Mount Athos. Some believe that it is the Ermaion lepas of the ancient, through which was transmitted with fire the news of the sack of Troy to Argos and Mycenae. Although the edge has an elevation of just 70 m, the cape comes deep into the sea and it is easily seen from those two areas. Therefore, in 1912 a 30 m high rotating lighthouse was built with a luminous range of 20 nautical miles (37 km).

Panagia is a village in the northeastern part of the island of Lemnos, Greece. It is part of the municipal unit of Moudros. In 2011 its population was 383 people, including the small village Kortisonas.

Repanidi is a village and a community in the northeast of the island of Lemnos, Greece. It is part of the municipal unit of Moudros. It is located 2 km northeast of Romanou, 3 km west of Kontopouli, 3 km east of Lychna, 6 km northeast of Moudros and 21 km northeast of Myrina. In 2011 its population was 266 people. Its elevation is 30 m.

References

↑ "Απογραφή Πληθυσμού - Κατοικιών 2011. ΜΟΝΙΜΟΣ Πληθυσμός" (in Greek). Hellenic Statistical Authority.

External links

Lychna at the GTP Travel Pages

Coordinates: 39°54′58″N25°16′3″E / 39.91611°N 25.26750°E / 39.91611; 25.26750

Geographic coordinate system Coordinate system

A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are often chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position and two or three of the numbers represent a horizontal position; alternatively, a geographic position may be expressed in a combined three-dimensional Cartesian vector. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation. To specify a location on a plane requires a map projection.

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[census11-1] "Απογραφή Πληθυσμού - Κατοικιών 2011. ΜΟΝΙΜΟΣ Πληθυσμός" (in Greek). Hellenic Statistical Authority.

v t e Subdivisions of the municipality of Lemnos
Municipal unit of Atsiki	Agios Dimitrios Atsiki Dafni Karpasi Katalakko Sardes Varos
Municipal unit of Moudros	Fisini Kalliopi Kaminia Kontopouli Lychna Moudros Panagia Plaka Repanidi Roussopouli Romanou Skandali
Municipal unit of Myrina	Kaspakas Kornos Myrina Platy Thanos
Municipal unit of Nea Koutali	Angariones Kallithea Kontias Livadochori Nea Koutali Pedino Portianou Tsimandria