Kontias

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Kontias
Κοντιάς
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Kontias
Coordinates: 39°52′N25°09′E / 39.867°N 25.150°E / 39.867; 25.150 Coordinates: 39°52′N25°09′E / 39.867°N 25.150°E / 39.867; 25.150
Country Greece
Administrative region North Aegean
Regional unit Lemnos
Municipality Lemnos
Municipal unit Nea Koutali
Population (2011) [1]
 •  Rural 572
Time zone EET (UTC+2)
 • Summer (DST) EEST (UTC+3)

Kontias (Greek : Κοντιάς) is a village on the Greek island of Lemnos, North Aegean. It is the seat of the municipal unit Nea Koutali. In 2011 its population was 572. Kontias is situated in the southwestern part of the island, 2 km west of Tsimandria, 3 km southwest of Portianou and 8 km east of the island capital Myrina

Greek language language spoken in Greece, Cyprus and Southern Albania

Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece, Cyprus and other parts of the Eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea. It has the longest documented history of any living Indo-European language, spanning more than 3000 years of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the major part of its history; other systems, such as Linear B and the Cypriot syllabary, were used previously. The alphabet arose from the Phoenician script and was in turn the basis of the Latin, Cyrillic, Armenian, Coptic, Gothic, and many other writing systems.

Greece republic in Southeast Europe

Greece, officially the Hellenic Republic, self-identified and historically known as Hellas, is a country located in Southern and Southeast Europe, with a population of approximately 11 million as of 2016. Athens is the nation's capital and largest city, followed by Thessaloniki.

Lemnos Place in Greece

Lemnos is a Greek island in the northern part of the Aegean Sea. Administratively the island forms a separate municipality within the Lemnos regional unit, which is part of the North Aegean region. The principal town of the island and seat of the municipality is Myrina. At 477.583 square kilometres (184.396 sq mi), it is the 8th-largest island of Greece.

Contents

Population

Year Population
1920 1,272
1940 1,500
1981 549
1991 551
2001 628
2011 572

History

Byzantine period

The village was first mentioned as "the old castle of Konteas" in a census document of the Great Lavra monastery, of which it was a dependency. This castle had probably been built during the Venetian rule of the island (1207–76). According to local legends, the village was originally located near the sea, and it was resettled to the present inland location due to pirate raids. The original location was probably the small port of Agios Giannis, where ruins of a castle still remain.

Ottoman period

The bay of Kontias was mentioned by the Turkish naval sailor Piri Reis in 1521 as "Qondia Körfezi". Ships awaited favourable conditions to enter the Hellespont straits there. Piri Reis mentioned a castle at the bay, but no village. In the following ages, the port was mentioned by several travellers in the area. In 1770, during the Orlov Revolt, part of the Russian Navy fleet anchored in the port of Kontias, when they besieged Myrina.

Piri Reis Ottoman admiral, geographer and cartographer

Ahmed Muhiddin Piri, better known as Piri Reis, was an Ottoman admiral, navigator, geographer and cartographer.

Russian Navy naval arm of the Russian military

The Russian Navy is the naval arm of the Russian Armed Forces. It has existed in various forms since 1696, the present iteration of which was formed in January 1992 when it succeeded the Navy of the Commonwealth of Independent States.

Myrina, Greece Place in Greece

Myrina is a former municipality on the island of Lemnos, North Aegean, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Lemnos, of which it is a municipal unit. It covers the west coast of the island, and has a land area of 82.049 square kilometres (31.679 sq mi), about 17.2% of the island's area. Its municipal seat was the town of Mýrina, located in the middle of the island's west coast. The town is also the capital of Lemnos, as well as the seat of the Metropolitan of Lemnos. In addition to the town of Myrina, the municipal unit includes the communities of Káspakas (792), Platý (785), Thános (451), and Kornós (267). The 2011 census recorded 5,711 residents in the town and 8,006 residents in the municipal unit.

The first mention of the village in the present location was in 1785, by Choiseul-Gouffier. Kontias was an organized settlement and one of the largest villages on the island. In 1856 it had 290 men who paid 9,280 piatres to avoid conscription. It had 176 families in 1863, and 187 in 1874. In the same year the municipality of Kontias was mentioned, consisting of the villages Kontias, Tsimandria, Portianou, Agkariones, Pesperago (now Pedino), Sarpi (now Kallithea) and Livadochori. This corresponds with the present municipal unit Nea Koutali. It was a rich village, because besides the agricultural activities there were many sailors and shipowners, including Papagiannis with 60 boats. The village school was first mentioned in 1873. A new school building was built in 1880. In 1910 two fountains were built: Tsikoulas and Kali Vrysi.

Marie-Gabriel-Florent-Auguste de Choiseul-Gouffier French diplomat

Marie-Gabriel-Florent-Auguste de Choiseul-Gouffier, called Auguste de Choiseul-Gouffier, was a member of the Académie française and the Choiseul-Gouffier family, French ambassador to the Ottoman Empire from 1784 until the fall of the French monarchy and a scholar of ancient Greece.

Kuruş subunit of Turkish Lira

Kuruş are all names for currency denominations in and around the territories formerly part of the Ottoman Empire. The variation in the name stems from the different languages it is used in and the different transcriptions into the Latin alphabet. The kuruş is a Turkish currency subunit. The kuruş was also the standard unit of currency in the Ottoman Empire until the 1844 subdivision of the former Ottoman gold lira. It was subdivided into 40 para or 120 akçe. Since 2005, one Turkish lira is equal to 100 kuruş.

Nea Koutali Place in Greece

Nea Koutali is a municipal unit on the island of Lemnos, North Aegean, Greece. Located in the south central portion of the island with a land area of 75.735 square kilometres (29.241 sq mi), it accounts for about 15.9% of the island's area, making it the smallest of the four municipal units on Lemnos. The seat of government is the village of Kontias, while its next largest town is Nea Koutali with 442 people. Nea Koutali's total population as of 2011 was 2,526.

Modern period

Kontias joined the rest of Greece after the Balkan Wars in 1913. It became an independent community in 1918 named Kondias, which was changed into Kontias in 1940. During the years between the world wars, it had a remarkable growth in economy and population. In 1920 it had 1,272 inhabitants, making it the third largest village in Lemnos. In 1940 it had 1,500 inhabitants, making it the second village in population, after Myrina. A refugee settlement was built in 1926. Cotton production on Lemnos began from Kontias. After World War II, the population decreased due to internal and external migration. The population was 551 in 1991.

Balkan Wars Two wars on Balkan Peninsula 1912-1913, leading to the Balkan Crisis of 1914 and start of WWI

The Balkan Wars consisted of two conflicts that took place in the Balkan Peninsula in 1912 and 1913. Four Balkan states defeated the Ottoman Empire in the first war. The main victor of the four, Bulgaria, fought and pushed back all four original combatants of the first war along with halting a surprise attack from Romania from the north in the second war. The conflicts ended catastrophically for the Ottoman Empire, which lost the bulk of its territory in Europe. Austria-Hungary, although not a combatant, became relatively weaker as a much enlarged Serbia pushed for union of the South Slavic peoples. The war set the stage for the Balkan crisis of 1914 and thus served as a "prelude to the First World War".

See also

Sources

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References

  1. ↑ "Απογραφή Πληθυσμού - Κατοικιών 2011. ΜΟΝΙΜΟΣ Πληθυσμός" (in Greek). Hellenic Statistical Authority.
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