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The Inter-American Court of Human Rights is an autonomous judicial institution based in the city of San José, Costa Rica. Together with the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, it makes up the human rights protection system of the Organization of American States (OAS), which serves to uphold and promote basic rights and freedoms in Latin America and the Caribbean only. The Court rules on whether a State has violated an individual's human rights, rather than if individuals are guilty of human rights violations. 29 of 35 nations in the OAS are also members of the wider-scale International Criminal Court.
The Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms is a statutory bill of rights and human rights code passed by the National Assembly of Quebec on June 27, 1975. It received Royal Assent from Lieutenant Governor Hugues Lapointe, coming into effect on June 28, 1976.
The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) of India is a Statutory public body constituted on 12 October 1993 under the Protection of Human Rights Ordinance of 28 September 1993. It was given a statutory basis by the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993 (PHRA). The NHRC is the National Human Rights Commission of India, responsible for the protection and promotion of human rights, defined by the Act as "Rights Relating To Life, liberty, equality and dignity of the individual guaranteed by the Constitution or embodied in the International Covenants and enforceable by courts in India".
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The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) of Nepal is an independent and autonomous constitutional body. It was established in the year 2000 as a statutory body under the Human Rights Commission Act 1997. The Interim Constitution of Nepal 2007 made the NHRC a constitutional body. It has a separate sphere of responsibilities in the constitutional legal system of the country. These responsibilities complement the responsibilities of the normal machinery of the administration of Justice, the Supreme Court, the Office of the Attorney General, the Commission for the Investigation of Abuse of Authority, and other existing executive, quasi-judicial or judicial bodies of Nepal.
The Constitution of Bhutan was enacted 18 July 2008 by the Royal Government of Bhutan. The Constitution was thoroughly planned by several government officers and agencies over a period of almost seven years amid increasing democratic reforms in Bhutan. The current Constitution is based on Buddhist philosophy, international Conventions on Human Rights, comparative analysis of 20 other modern constitutions, public opinion, and existing laws, authorities, and precedents. According to Princess Sonam Wangchuck, the constitutional committee was particularly influenced by the Constitution of South Africa because of its strong protection of human rights.
The National Commission for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) is an Indian statutory body established by an Act of Parliament, the Commission for Protection of Child Rights (CPCR) Act, 2005. The Commission works under the aegis of Ministry of Women and Child Development, GoI. The Commission began operational on 5 March 2007.
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The Rajasthan State Human Rights Commission is a State Government body constituted on 18 January 1999 to exercise the powers conferred upon, and to perform the functions assigned to, a State Human Commission under chapter-V of The Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993. Commission became functional from 23 March 2000 with the appointment of Justice Kanta Kumari Bhatnagar, former Chief Justice of the Madras High Court as the first Chairperson along with Shri R. K. Akodia, Shri B. L. Joshi and Prof. Alamshah Khan as the supporting members.
Bihar Human Rights Commission was established on 3 January 2000 by Notification No. 207. The Commission became functional by notification No. 6896 on 25 January 2008 with appointment of the first Chairperson, Justice S. N. Jha former Chief Justice of the Jammu & Kashmir and Rajasthan High Court along with Justice Rajendra Prasad, a former Judge of the Patna High Court and R. R. Prasad, a former Director General of Police, Bihar as supporting members of the commission.
Chhattisgarh Human Rights Commission become functional on 16 April 2001 with appointment of first Chairperson, Justice K. M. Agrawal, a former Chief Justice of Sikkim High Court and Shri K. A. Jacob, former D. G. P. of Bihar as the founder members by Notification No. 4139/GAD/2001 with effect from the date they assumed charge of the office.
The Kerala State Human Rights Commission was constituted on 11 December 1998 with the appointment of the first Chairperson Justice M.M. Pareed Pillay, a former Chief Justice Kerala High Court along with Dr. S. Balaraman and Shri. T.K. Wilson as supporting members by notification S.R.O No. 1066/1998 Dt: 11-12-98.The former Chief Justice of Kerala High Court Justice Antony Dominic is the present Chairperson. The Chairperson and members are appointed by the Kerala Governor.
The Karnataka State Human Rights Commission was formally constituted by the Government order No. LAW 20 LAG 05 dated 28 June 2005. However, the present chairperson and members were appointed by the Governor of Karnataka vide notification No. LAW 17 HRC 2005 Dt. 23.07.2007 & 28.07.2007
Odisha Human Rights commission was constituted on 27 January 2000 via home department notification No. 5144 Dt: 27.8.2000. However, it became formally operational on 11 July 2003 with the appointment of Justice D. P. Mohapatra, a former Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court and former Judge of the Supreme Court of India joined as its first chairperson of the commission via notification No. 8438 Dt: 24.6.2003. He was supported by Shri S.M. Patnaik, a former Chief Secretary to Government of Orissa via notification No.8441 Dt: 24.6.2003.
In the State of Uttar Pradesh, the State Human Rights Commission was established on 4 April 1996. However, the Commission was formally constituted vide notification No. 2388-89 Dt: 7.10.2002 when Justice A.P. Mishra, a former Chief Justice of Delhi High Court and former Judge of Supreme Court of India was appointed as first Chairperson along with Justice V. Saran, Mr. S.R. Arya, Mr. S.V.M. Tripathi and Mr. Sukh Lal Adarsh as supporting members of the Commission. Currently, UPHRC is headed by Justice (Retired) S Rafat Alam.
The Uttarakhand Human Rights Commission became fully functional in the true sense after appointment of Justice Vijender Jain, a former Chief Justice of Punjab and Haryana High Court who took charge as the first Chairperson on 13 May 2013. He was joined by Justice Rajesh Tandon, a former judge of Allahabad High Court & Uttarakhand High Court on 7 June 2013 as supporting member of the commission. The Secretary is Aparna Pandey
The West Bengal Human Rights Commission is an agency of the Government of West Bengal, India. It was established based on Notification No. 42 HS/HRC Dt: 31-01-1995 to exercise the powers conferred upon and to perform the functions assigned to the State Human Rights Commission under Chapter V of the Protection of Human Rights Act. Section 21(2). The commissions become fully functional vied its Notification No. 180 HS/HRC Dt: 13-04-1995.
Sikkim State Human Rights Commission was constituted on 18 October 2008 vied notification No. 101/HOME/2008. Thereafter, Justice A.N. Ray, a former Chief Justice, Sikkim High Court of was appointed as the Chairperson vide Notification No. 106/HOME/2008 on 14 November 2008.
The Karnataka State Commission for Protection of Child Rights (KSCPCR) a Karnataka Governmental commission, established on 3 July 2009 by the Commission for Protection of Child Rights Act, 2005 and thus is a statutory body. Its objective is "to protect, promote and defend child rights" in Karnataka. KSCPCR is the sixth such commission in the country. As defined by the commission, child includes those up to the age of 18 years.
References
- ↑ "Maharashtra State Human Rights Commission". www.mshrc.online. Retrieved 22 September 2020.
- ↑ "SIR Joseph Arnould" . Retrieved 14 November 2020.
- ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 22 December 2015.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- ↑ "Tukaram Mundhe appointed as Maharashtra human rights commission secretary". Hindustan Times. 14 January 2021. Retrieved 17 January 2021.
- ↑ "Documents | National Human Rights Commission India" (PDF). www.nhrc.nic.in. Retrieved 9 July 2019.