Malikul Umara Faqruddin | |
---|---|
First Kotwal of Delhi | |
Assumed office 1237 | |
Appointed by | Muhammad bin Tughluq |
Malikul Umara Faqruddin also writes Malikul Umara Fakhruddin was the first Kotwal of Delhi,appointed around the 12th century. [1] [2] [3] At the age of 40, [4] in 1237 A.D.,he assumed the role of Kotwal and was also simultaneously appointed as the Naibe-Ghibat (Regent in absence). [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10]
Malikul Umara Faqruddin,whose full title translates to "King of the Nobles," was a nobleman and administrator during the Delhi Sultanate period. [11] His exact birth date is not well-documented,but he rose to prominence during the reign of Sultan Alauddin Khilji (1296-1316) and Sultan Muhammad bin Tughlaq (1325-1351). [12]
Faqruddin held several key administrative positions and governed various provinces. He was known for his efficient administration and ability to maintain order and prosperity in the regions under his control. As a military commander, [13] he played a crucial role in the expansion and defense of the Sultanate's territories. His strategic acumen was instrumental in several campaigns. [14]
The Khalji or Khilji dynasty was a Turco-Afghan dynasty that ruled the Delhi Sultanate for three decades between 1290 and 1320. It was the second dynasty to rule the Delhi Sultanate which covered large swaths of the Indian subcontinent. It was founded by Jalal ud din Firuz Khalji.
Aram Shah was the second sultan of the Mamluk Sultanate. He briefly held the throne from Lahore after the unexpected death of Qutb ud-Din Aibak before being defeated and dethroned by Iltutmish who began ruling from Delhi.
Ikhtiyār al-Dīn Muḥammad Bakhtiyār Khaljī,also known as Bakhtiyar Khalji,was a Turko-Afghan military general of the Ghurid ruler Muhammad of Ghor,who led the Muslim conquests of the eastern Indian regions of Bengal and parts of Bihar and established himself as their ruler. He was the founder of the Khalji dynasty of Bengal,ruling Bengal for a short period,from 1203 to 1227 CE.
Ala al-Din Tekish or Tekesh or Takesh was the Shah of Khwarazmian Empire from 1172 to 1200. He was the son of Il-Arslan. His rule was contested by his brother,Sultan Shah,who held a principality in Khorasan. Tekish inherited Sultan Shah's state after he died in 1193. In Turkic,the name Tekish means he who strikes in battle.
Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad,also known as Ghiyath al-Din Ghori or Ghiyassuddin Ghori born,Muhammad,was the Sultan of the Ghurid dynasty. During the diarchy of Ghiyath and his younger brother Muhammad of Ghor,who governed the eastern realm of the Ghurid Empire,the Ghurids emerged as one of the greatest powers of the eastern Islamic world.
Mahālakadeva,also known as Mahlak Deo or Mahlak Deva,was a king of the Paramara dynasty in central India. The last known ruler of the dynasty,he was defeated and killed by the forces of Alauddin Khalji of Delhi.
Shah Turkan,was the mother of 13th-century Mamluk ruler of the Delhi Sultanate,Ruknuddin Firuz. She became queen mother after her son ascended to the throne in 1236.
As a general of Jalal-ud-din Khalji,his nephew and son-in-law Alauddin Khalji raided the Paramara city of Bhilsa in 1293 CE. He damaged the city's Hindu temples,and looted a large amount of wealth.
Nizam al-Din Ahmad III or Nizam Ahmed Shah or Nizam Shah Bahmani was the sultan of the Bahmani Sultanate from 1461 to 1463. During his reign,the administration of the sultanate was mainly handled by the Persian prime minister Mahmud Gawan.
In 1296,Alauddin Khalji raided Devagiri,the capital of the Yadava kingdom in the Deccan region of India. At the time,Alauddin was the governor of Kara in Delhi Sultanate,which was ruled by Jalaluddin Khalji. Alauddin kept his march to Devagiri a secret from Jalaluddin,because he intended to use the wealth obtained from this raid for dethroning the Sultan.
Alp Khan was a general and brother-in-law of the Delhi Sultanate ruler Alauddin Khalji. He served as Alauddin's governor of Gujarat,and held considerable influence at the royal court of Delhi during the last years of Alauddin's life. He was executed on the charges of conspiring to kill Alauddin,possibly because of a conspiracy by Malik Kafur.
Nusrat Khan was a general of the Delhi Sultanate ruler Alauddin Khalji. He served as Alauddin's wazir at the start of his reign,and played an important role in the Sultan's Devagiri (1296) and Gujarat (1299) campaigns. He was killed during the Siege of Ranthambore in 1299.
Chhan is a village in the Sawai Madhopur district of Rajasthan,India. It is identified with Jhain,which is mentioned in the Delhi Sultanate chronicles as an important town of 13th and 14th century India.
Malik Tazi Bhat was a Kashmiri general and warlord from the Bhat clan. He conquered and ruled Jammu,Poonch,Rajouri,Bhimber,Jhelum,Sialkot and Gujrat region from 1475 to 1487 on behalf of the Kashmiri Sultan.
Jhatyapali was the princess of Deogiri and a daughter of Rai Ramchandra Dev,the ruler of Deogiri. She was later married to Alauddin Khalji and her son Shihabuddin Omar was appointed as the successor of Alauddin,after his death.
Nag Nayak was an Indian monarch who lived and reigned from the late 13th century to the early 14th century,achieving the title of Rana. He hailed from Sinhagad,an ancient mountain fortress previously known as Kondhana,located roughly 35km southwest of the city of Pune,India
The siege of Gwalior was a military expedition of The Ghurid Dynasty aganist the Kachchhapaghata dynasty in 1196. The Ghurids under Qutb ud-Din Aibak captured Gwalior after defeating Sulakshanapala,the King of Kachchhapaghata. Sulakshanapala surrendered to Aibak,which led to the complete end of Rajput Kachchhapaghata dynasty
The Capture of Jhain was a military expedition carried out by the Delhi Sultanate under Jalal-ud-din Khalji against the Kingdom of Ranthambore. It took place in the March of 1291 when the Delhi forces defeated the Ranthambore forces under Gurdan Saini and captured the city of Jhain.
The Gajapati invasion of Bidar in 1461 was a significant military expedition by Kapilendra Deva of the Gajapati Empire against the Bahmani Sultanate. This event unfolded in the aftermath of Humayun Shah Bahmani's demise and the subsequent ascent of Nizam Shah Bahmani to the throne. The primary objective of the campaign was to seize Bidar,the present-day region of Karnataka. Backed by Kakatiya chiefs,the Gajapati forces engaged in a decisive conflict with the Bahmani forces led by Muhibullah. The outcome saw the defeat of the Gajapatis,compelling the submission of Kapilendra.