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Norodom Sihanouk was a Cambodian politician who led Cambodia in various capacities throughout his political career, but most often as the King of Cambodia. In Cambodia, he is known as Samdech Euv. During his lifetime, Cambodia was variously called the French Protectorate of Cambodia, the Kingdom of Cambodia (1953–1970), the Khmer Republic (1970–75), Democratic Kampuchea (1975–79), the People's Republic of Kampuchea (1979–93), and again the Kingdom of Cambodia.
After the fall of the Pol Pot regime of Democratic Kampuchea, Cambodia was under Vietnamese occupation and a pro-Hanoi government, the People's Republic of Kampuchea was established. A civil war raged during the 1980s opposing the government's Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Armed Forces against the Coalition Government of Democratic Kampuchea, a government in exile composed of three Cambodian political factions: Prince Norodom Sihanouk's Funcinpec party, the Party of Democratic Kampuchea and the Khmer People's National Liberation Front (KPNLF).
The National United Front for an Independent, Neutral, Peaceful and Cooperative Cambodia is a royalist political party in Cambodia. Founded in 1981 by Norodom Sihanouk, it began as a resistance movement against the People's Republic of Kampuchea (PRK) government. In 1982, it formed a resistance pact with the Coalition Government of Democratic Kampuchea (CGDK), together with the Khmer People's National Liberation Front (KPNLF) and the Khmer Rouge. It was one of the signatory parties of the 1991 Paris Peace Accords, which paved the way for the formation of the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC). In 1992, FUNCINPEC became a political party and participated in the 1993 general elections organised by UNTAC. It won the elections, and formed a coalition government with the Cambodian People's Party (CPP), with which it jointly headed. Norodom Ranariddh, Sihanouk's son who had succeeded him as the party president, became First Prime Minister while Hun Sen, who was from the CPP, became Second Prime Minister.
Norodom Ranariddh is a Cambodian politician and law academic. He is the second son of Norodom Sihanouk of Cambodia and a half-brother of the current king, Norodom Sihamoni. Ranariddh is the president of FUNCINPEC, a Cambodian royalist party. He was also the First Prime Minister of Cambodia following the restoration of the monarchy, serving between 1993 and 1997, and subsequently as the President of the National Assembly between 1998 and 2006.
Norodom Sihamoni is the King of Cambodia. He became King on 14 October 2004, a week after the abdication of his father, Norodom Sihanouk. He is the eldest son of King Sihanouk and Queen Norodom Monineath. He was Cambodia's ambassador to UNESCO and was named by a nine-member throne council to become the next king after his father Norodom Sihanouk abdicated in 2004. Before ascending the throne, Sihamoni was educated in Czechoslovakia and was best known for his work as a cultural ambassador in Europe and as a classical dance instructor.
Norodom Chakrapong is a Cambodian politician, businessman and former major-general of the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces. He is the fourth son of Norodom Sihanouk of Cambodia and also a half-brother of the current king, Norodom Sihamoni. Chakrapong started his career as a military pilot in 1963. After Sihanouk was overthrown in 1970, Chakrapong spent time under house arrest, then in Beijing as the Head of Protocol of then-Prince Sihanouk, afterwards living overseas before he joined the Funcinpec in 1981 and fought against Vietnamese occupation as a commander of the Armée Nationale Sihanoukiste. In 1991, Chakrapong left Funcinpec to join the Cambodian People's Party (CPP) and served as the Deputy Prime Minister of Cambodia between 1992 and 1993. When the CPP lost the 1993 general elections, Chakrapong led a secession attempt in 1993. In 1994, he was accused of joining a failed coup attempt which led him to be sent into exile. After Chakrapong was pardoned in 1998, he founded a private airline company, Royal Phnom Penh Airways. The airlines later stopped all operations in early 2006.
Sar Kheng is a Cambodian politician. One of the highest-ranking members of the ruling Cambodian People's Party, he is the current Minister of the Interior and has served as a Deputy Prime Minister since 1992. He also represents the province of Battambang in the Cambodian Parliament. Kheng has been the Minister of the Interior since 1992. Until March 2006, he shared the position with FUNCINPEC party member You Hockry as co-Ministers of the Interior, but then became sole interior minister in a cabinet reshuffle as FUNCINPEC ended its coalition with the CPP. He is currently the second longest serving government minister of Cambodia after Prime Minister Hun Sen. On June 14, 2015, King Norodom Sihamoni awarded Kheng the honorary title of "Samdech". His official title is "Samdech Kralahom Sar Kheng". Kheng is married to Nhem Sakhan with whom he has three children.
The prime minister of Cambodia is the head of government of Cambodia. The prime minister is also the chairman of the Cabinet and leads the executive branch of the Royal Cambodian Government. The prime minister is a member of parliament, and is appointed by the monarch for a term of five years. Since 1945, 36 individuals have served as prime minister; 32 as official prime ministers, and 4 in acting capacities.Hun Sen, of the Cambodian People's Party, has been the incumbent prime minister since 1985. He served from 1985 to 1993 and was second prime minister from 1993 to 1998. Elected as prime minister in his own right in 1998, he is the longest serving prime minister in Cambodian history.
In Tam was a former Prime Minister of Cambodia. He served in that position from May 6, 1973 to December 9, 1973, and had a long career in Cambodian politics.
The United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC) was a United Nations peacekeeping operation in Cambodia in 1992–93 formed following the 1991 Paris Peace Accords. It was also the first occasion on which the UN had taken over the administration of an independent state, organised and run an election, had its own radio station and jail, and been responsible for promoting and safeguarding human rights at the national level.
You Hokry is a Cambodian politician. He belongs to the Funcinpec party and was elected to represent Kampong Cham in the National Assembly of Cambodia in 2003.
Chhim Siek Leng is a Cambodian politician. He belongs to the Funcinpec party and was elected to represent Kampong Cham in the National Assembly of Cambodia in 2003. Leng was a close ally of then-party president Prince Norodom Ranariddh. In 2008, he was appointed as the President of the Norodom Ranariddh Party.
Norodom Rattana Devi is a Cambodian princess and politician. She is the only daughter of Prince Norodom Ranariddh and Princess Norodom Marie. She belongs to FUNCINPEC and was elected to represent Kratie Province in the National Assembly of Cambodia in 2003. She shares her birthday with Queen Mother Norodom Monineath.
The Norodom Ranariddh Party is a Cambodian political party created by Prince Norodom Ranariddh, who has left the Royalist FUNCINPEC party of which he was previously leader/chairman.
The Union of Cambodian Democrats was a political alliance in Cambodia, which was formed by three political parties, one of them being the Khmer Nation Party of Sam Rainsy, Prince Norodom Ranariddh was involved as well. These three political parties called their umbrella group the "Union of Cambodian Democrats". It was created in exile in 1997 after a coup d'etat. The leaders of three political parties which united their leadership and political parties together to create the Union of Cambodian Democrats were Sam Rainsy's Sam Rainsy Party, Son Sann's Buddhist Liberal Democratic Party and also prince Norodom Ranariddh's FUNCINPEC party. However, from the late 1990s onwards a new political party,the Bou Hel and Ty Chhin's Khmer Neutral Party, became part of the alliance .
The 1997 armed clashes in Cambodia took place in Cambodia in July to September 1997. As a result, co-premier Hun Sen ousted the other co-premier Norodom Ranariddh. Dozens of people were killed during the conflict.
The Khmer National Solidarity Party (KNSP) was a Cambodian political party founded in May 1997 by senior Khmer Rouge leader Khieu Samphan after his denunciation of Pol Pot and as he began distancing himself from the Khmer Rouge. Khieu Samphan was formerly the leader of the Cambodian National Unity Party. Khieu Samphan had announced the new party with the intention of backing the National United Front proposed by Prince Norodom Ranariddh for the 1998 election, but opposition from the ruling Cambodian People's Party led by Hun Sen prevented this from occurring. Khieu Samphan stated in 1998 of the elections that, "If the elections do not go ahead under the iron rule of Vietnamese communists and their puppet, we should be very happy and want to take part because we are democratic, pluralistic and free government."
Capital punishment in Cambodia is prohibited by the Constitution of Cambodia. Cambodia abolished the death penalty in 1989.
The Community of Royalist People's Party was a Cambodian political party that lasted from March 2014 until January 2015. It was founded and led by Norodom Ranariddh, who had been ousted from FUNCINPEC back in 2006. Ideologically a royalist party, the CRPP drew its inspiration from the political legacy of the former King of Cambodia, Norodom Sihanouk, and competed for its voter base with both FUNCINPEC and the Cambodia National Rescue Party (CNRP). In January 2015, the CRPP was dissolved when Ranariddh returned to FUNCINPEC.
Norodom Marie Ranariddh is a former First Lady of Cambodia from 1993 to 1997, as the wife of Prince Norodom Ranariddh. She was President of the Cambodian Red Cross from 1994 to 1998.
References
- ↑ "Election results" Archived 2008-06-30 at the Wayback Machine . Cambodia National Election Committee. Accessed June 18, 2008.
- ↑ Sothanarith, Kong (2007-03-14). "Le prince Ranariddh condamné à dix-huit mois de prison" (in French). Cambodge Soir. Archived from the original on 2012-02-22. Retrieved 2009-04-01.
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