| Mangrovimonas xylaniphaga | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Bacteroidetes |
| Class: | Flavobacteriia |
| Order: | Flavobacteriales |
| Family: | Flavobacteriaceae |
| Genus: | Mangrovimonas |
| Species: | M. xylaniphaga |
| Binomial name | |
| Mangrovimonas xylaniphaga Dinesh et al. 2017 [1] | |
| Type strain | |
| ST2L12 [2] | |
Mangrovimonas xylaniphaga is a bacterium from the genus of Mangrovimonas which has been isolated from mangrove sediments from the Matang Mangrove Forest in Perak. [1] [3] [2]
A mangrove is a shrub or small tree that grows in coastal saline or brackish water. The term is also used for tropical coastal vegetation consisting of such species. Mangroves occur worldwide in the tropics and subtropics and even some temperate coastal areas, mainly between latitudes 30° N and 30° S, with the greatest mangrove area within 5° of the equator. Mangrove plant families first appeared during the Late Cretaceous to Paleocene epochs, and became widely distributed in part due to the movement of tectonic plates. The oldest known fossils of mangrove palm date to 75 million years ago.
Mudflats or mud flats, also known as tidal flats, are coastal wetlands that form in intertidal areas where sediments have been deposited by tides or rivers. A global analysis published in 2019 suggested that tidal flat ecosystems are as extensive globally as mangroves, covering at least 127,921km² of the Earth's surface. They are found in sheltered areas such as bays, bayous, lagoons, and estuaries; they are also seen in freshwater lakes and salty lakes alike, wherein many rivers and creeks end. Mudflats may be viewed geologically as exposed layers of bay mud, resulting from deposition of estuarine silts, clays and aquatic animal detritus. Most of the sediment within a mudflat is within the intertidal zone, and thus the flat is submerged and exposed approximately twice daily.
Sundarbans is a mangrove area in the delta formed by the confluence of the Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna Rivers in the Bay of Bengal. It spans from the Hooghly River in India's state of West Bengal to the Baleswar River in Bangladesh's division of Khulna. It comprises closed and open mangrove forests, land used for agricultural purpose, mudflats and barren land, and is intersected by multiple tidal streams and channels. Four protected areas in the Sundarbans are enlisted as UNESCO World Heritage Sites, viz. Sundarbans National Park, Sundarbans West, Sundarbans South and Sundarbans East Wildlife Sanctuaries. Despite these protections, the Indian Sundarbans were considered endangered in a 2020 assessment under the IUCN Red List of Ecosystems framework. The Sundarbans mangrove forest covers an area of about 10,000 km2 (3,900 sq mi), of which forests in Bangladesh's Khulna Division extend over 6,017 km2 (2,323 sq mi) and in West Bengal, they extend over 4,260 km2 (1,640 sq mi) across the South 24 Parganas and North 24 Parganas districts. The most abundant tree species are sundri and gewa. The forests provide habitat to 453 fauna wildlife, including 290 bird, 120 fish, 42 mammal, 35 reptile and eight amphibian species.
A mangrove swamp is a distinct saline woodland or shrubland habitat formed by mangrove trees in brackish tidal water. They are characterized by depositional coastal environments, where fine sediments collect in areas protected from high-energy wave action. The saline conditions tolerated by various mangrove species range from brackish water, through pure seawater, to water concentrated by evaporation to over twice the salinity of ocean seawater.
Kuala Sepetang is a coastal town located in Larut, Matang and Selama District, Perak, Malaysia. Also known by English-speaking locals as Port Weld after a former Governor, Frederick Weld. It is a thriving fishing village, and the main jumping-off point to the river mouth community of Kuala Sangga, which is a Chinese fishing community at the river mouth which specializes in fish breeding in cages, more formerly known as cage culture. The Port Weld railway station was located at the centre of town. The whole railway line from here to Taiping, which was the first railway line in the Peninsular, is now dismantled, and now only the ticketing booth and the Port Weld railway signboard remain. The ticketing booth is now a Chinese coffee shop, and the shopowner has been maintaining the railway signboard.
Bombetoka Bay is a bay on the northwestern coast of Madagascar near the city of Mahajanga, where the Betsiboka River flows into the Mozambique Channel. Numerous islands and sandbars have formed in the estuary from the large amount of sediment carried in by the Betsiboka River and have been shaped by the flow of the river and the push and pull of tides.
The environment of Malaysia is the biotas and geologies that constitute the natural environment of Malaysia. Malaysia's ecology is megadiverse, with a biodiverse range of flora and fauna found in various ecoregions throughout the country. Tropical rainforests encompass between 59% to 70% of Malaysia's total land area, of which 11.6% is pristine. Malaysia has the world's fifth largest mangrove area, which totals over a half a million hectares.
Blue carbon is carbon sequestration by the world's oceanic and coastal ecosystems, mostly by algae, seagrasses, macroalgae, mangroves, salt marshes and other plants in coastal wetlands. This occurs through plant growth and the accumulation and burial of organic matter in the soil. Because oceans cover 70% of the planet, ocean ecosystem restoration has the greatest blue carbon development potential. Research is ongoing, but in some cases it has been found that these types of ecosystems remove far more carbon than terrestrial forests, and store it for millennia.
Streptomyces mangrovi is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from mangrove soil from the Dongzhaigang National Nature Reserve from the Haikou City, in China.
Streptomyces qinglanensis is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from mangrove soil from Wenchang in the Hainan in China.
Aurantiacibacter luteus is a Gram-negative and aerobic bacteria from the genus Aurantiacibacter which has been isolated from mangrove sediment from the Yunxiao mangrove National Nature Reserve in the Fujian Province in China.
Muricauda zhangzhouensis is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Muricauda which has been isolated from mangrove sediments from the Fugong Mangrove Nature Reservation Area in the Fujian province in China.
Marinomonas mangrovi is a Gram-negative bacterium from the genus of Marinomonas which has been isolated from rhizospheric soil from a mangrove forest on Beigang Island in Hainan province, China.
Celeribacter persicus is a Gram-negative and mesophilic bacterium from the genus of Celeribacter which has been isolated from sediments of a mangrove forest from the Nayband Bay from the Iranian Persian Gulf.
Mangrovicoccus is a Gram-negative and halotolerant genus of bacteria from the family of Rhodobacteraceae with one known species. Mangrovicoccus ximenensis has been isolated from sediments from a mangrove forest from the Xiamen Island in China.
Tsuneonella flava is a Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped and non-motile bacterium from the genus Tsuneonella which has been isolated from isolated from mangrove sediments from the Jiulong River in China.
Tsuneonella mangrovi is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped and facultative anaerobic bacterium from the genus Tsuneonella which has been isolated from mangrove sediments from Zhangzhou in China.
Phaeobacterium is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, phototrophic and motile genus of bacteria from the family of Chromatiaceae with one known species.
Mangrovimonas spongiae is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped and motile bacterium from the genus of Mangrovimonas which has been isolated from a marine sponge from the Yangpu Bay in China.
Mangrovimonas yunxiaonensis is a Gram-negative and short-rod-shaped bacterium from the genus of Mangrovimonas which has been isolated from mangrove sediments from the Yunxiao mangrove National Nature Reserve in China.
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