Manor of Alverton

Last updated

The Manor of Alverton was a former manorial estate located in the hundred of Penwith, west Cornwall, England, United Kingdom.

Contents

History

The first historical details of the manor were recorded in the Domesday book which stated that before the Norman conquest the manor was owned by a Saxon lord known as Alward. [1] There were 3 hides of land but Alward had paid tax only for 2 hides. There was land for 16 ploughs of which 5 were owned by the lord who had 7 serfs. 15 villeins and 25 smallholders held the rest of the land and had 8 ploughs. There was 60 acres (240,000 m2) of woodland and 300 acres (1.2 km2) of pasture. The livestock was 4 wild mares, 10 cattle and 180 sheep. The annual value was £20 but it had formerly paid £8. [2] Following the conquest lordship of the manor passed to Robert, Count of Mortain, the half brother of William the Conqueror. In 1230 the manor was granted by Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall (younger brother of King Henry III) to Henry le Tyes. The manor remained the property of the Le Tyes family until 1322 when Henry Lord Tyes took part in the revolt against King Edward II and was executed, his estate passing to his sister Alice Lisle.

Between this date and 1563 the manor passed between a number of members of the Lisle family and the crown. In 1611 the manor was sold to George and Thomas Whitmore who in turn sold it to Richard Daniell (George's wife's stepfather), a Truro merchant. [3] By 1663 ownership of Alverton had changed hands again and was in the hands of William Keigwin whose family held Alverton until 1716 when Uriah Tonkin took up the title. In fact the Tonkin family then held on to the title of Alverton for a very long time, for almost two and a half centuries.[ citation needed ] James Jenkins (died 1710), the Cornish scholar, lived at Alverton. [4]

When Robert Edmund Tonkin died in October 1935, his sole heir, John Franklin Tonkin, acquired the Lord of the Manors of St. Buryan and Alverton. In 1960 J F Tonkin died in New Zealand and left the Lords of the Manors of St. Buryan and Alverton to his daughter, Gillian Green. Gillian Green held these to her death in 2004 when the title of The Lord of the Manor of Alverton was passed onto her daughter Sue Bedford. In 2005 Sue Bedford died and passed the title onto Fleur Carpenter (her daughter). For a complete list of known Lords of the Manor of Alverton see below. [5]

The manor estate itself was located largely within, and near to, the current civil parish of Penzance and included much of the settlements of Newlyn, Mousehole and Madron. [6]

Relationship with Penzance

The manor of Alverton was influential in the history and development of Penzance; the lords of the manor secured its first charters and maintained its early harbour and market before the town received borough status in 1614. The manor of Alverton was also the owner of the site of the Penzance market house [7] for which its titular lord continued to receive rent until 1936. The early period of Penzance's history was also defined by ongoing disputes between Penzance Town Council and the manor of Alverton including a dispute over the right to dry nets on the 'Western Green' (now Penzance promenade) and the right to grind grain within the borough boundaries.

Lords of the Manor of Alverton

Below is a partial list of the holders of the title Lord of the Manor of Alverton. The dates (before 1974) are mentioned in historical documents formerly held by Penzance Borough Council and do not reflect length of ownership.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Marazion</span> Town in southwest Cornwall, England

Marazion is a civil parish and town, on the shore of Mount's Bay in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is 2 miles (3.2 km) east of Penzance and the tidal island of St Michael's Mount is half-a-mile offshore. At low water a causeway links it to the town and at high water passenger boats carry visitors between Marazion and St Michael's Mount. Marazion is a tourist resort with an active community of artists who produce and sell paintings and pottery in the town's art galleries.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Penzance</span> Town in Cornwall, England

Penzance is a town, civil parish and port in the Penwith district of Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is the most westerly major town in Cornwall and is about 64 miles (103 km) west-southwest of Plymouth and 255 miles (410 km) west-southwest of London. Situated in the shelter of Mount's Bay, the town faces south-east onto the English Channel, is bordered to the west by the fishing port of Newlyn, to the north by the civil parish of Madron and to the east by the civil parish of Ludgvan. The civil parish includes the town of Newlyn and the villages of Mousehole, Paul, Gulval, and Heamoor. Granted various royal charters from 1512 onwards and incorporated on 9 May 1614, it has a population of 21,200.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Newlyn</span> Town in Cornwall, England

Newlyn is a seaside town and fishing port in south-west Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is the largest fishing port in England.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Penwith</span> Area in west Cornwall, England

Penwith is an area of Cornwall, England, located on the peninsula of the same name. It is also the name of a former local government district, whose council was based in Penzance. The area is named after one of the ancient administrative hundreds of Cornwall which derives from two Cornish words, penn meaning 'headland' and wydh meaning 'at the end'.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">St Just in Penwith</span> Town in Cornwall, England

St Just, known as St Just in Penwith, is a town and civil parish in the Penwith district of Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It lies along the B3306 road which connects St Ives to the A30 road. The parish encompasses the town of St Just and the nearby settlements of Trewellard, Pendeen and Kelynack: it is bounded by the parishes of Morvah to the north-east, Sancreed and Madron to the east, St Buryan and Sennen to the south and by the sea in the west. The parish consists of 7,622 acres (3,085 ha) of land, 12 acres (4.9 ha) of water and 117 acres (47.3 ha) of foreshore. The town of St Just is the most westerly town in mainland Britain and is situated approximately 8 miles (13 km) west of Penzance along the A3071. St Just parish, which includes Pendeen and the surrounding area, has a population of 4,637. An electoral ward of the same name also exists: the population of this ward at the same census was 4,812.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mousehole</span> Village in southwest Cornwall, England

Mousehole is a village and fishing port in Cornwall, England, UK. It is approximately 2.5 miles (4 km) south of Penzance on the shore of Mount's Bay. The village is in the civil parish of Penzance. An islet called St Clement's Isle lies about 350 metres (380 yd) offshore from the harbour entrance.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">St Ives (UK Parliament constituency)</span> UK parliamentary constituency since 1885

St Ives is a parliamentary constituency covering the western end of Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly. The constituency has been represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2015 by Derek Thomas, a Conservative MP.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Paul, Cornwall</span> Village in southwest Cornwall, England

Paul is a village in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is in the civil parish of Penzance. The village is two miles (3 km) south of Penzance and one mile (1.6 km) south of Newlyn.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Madron</span> Human settlement in England

Madron is a civil parish and village in west Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. Madron is named after Saint Madern's Church. Its annual Trafalgar Service commemorating the death of Vice Admiral Horatio Nelson was started on 27 October 1946, following a local tradition that his death was first announced on British soil in the Union Hotel, Penzance.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">St Buryan</span> Village in southwest Cornwall, England

St Buryan is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of St Buryan, Lamorna and Paul in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. In 2011 the parish had a population of 1412.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ludgvan</span> Village in Cornwall, England

Ludgvan is a civil parish and village in Cornwall, England, UK, 2+1⁄2 miles (4.0 km) northeast of Penzance. Ludgvan village is split between Churchtown, on the hill, and Lower Quarter to the east, adjoining Crowlas. For the purposes of local government, Ludgvan elects a parish council every four years; the town elects a member to Cornwall Council under the Ludgvan division.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Penwith Hundred</span> Ancient administrative unit of Cornwall, England

Penwith Hundred was one of ten ancient administrative hundreds of the county of Cornwall, England, UK. The ancient hundred of Penwith was larger than the local government district of Penwith (1974–2009) which took its name. Daphne du Maurier in Vanishing Cornwall suggests that the name, Penwith, has three renderings, "the last promontory," "promontory on the left, and "the headland of slaughter," thus suggesting that this area might have been the site of prehistoric invasions of sea-borne fighters, or perhaps tribal battles. The eastern part became part of Kerrier District.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Castle Horneck</span> Historic site

Castle Horneck is a Grade II* listed building, and refurbished Georgian mansion to the west of the Cornish town of Penzance. It is currently owned by the Youth Hostels Association (YHA) and has been used as a youth hostel since 1950.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">St Maddern's Church, Madron</span> Church in Madron, England

St Maddern's Church is the parish church of Madron, near Penzance in Cornwall and was once the mother church of Morvah and Penzance. It is a Grade I listed building.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John Keigwin</span> Cornish antiquary

John Keigwin (1641–1716) was a Cornish antiquary, born at Mousehole, Cornwall. He was a leading member of a group of antiquaries in west Penwith: this group also included John and Thomas Boson, William Gwavas, Thomas Tonkin, William Borlase, Oliver Pender, and James Jenkins of Alverton. His teacher was John Boson. In addition to Cornish and English, Keigwin had a command of the French, Latin, Greek and Hebrew languages.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Market Building, Penzance</span> Historic site

The Market Building in Penzance is a Grade I listed building situated at the top of Market Jew Street, Penzance.

Alexander Daniell was the sole proprietor of the Manor of Alverton, Cornwall from 1630 until his death in 1668.

James Jenkins was a Cornish scholar who left some verses giving moral advice on child raising and marriage in the Cornish language. In his day he was considered a learned scholar of the Cornish language. Little of his work has survived.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">St John's Hall, Penzance</span> Municipal building in Penzance, Cornwall, England

St John's Hall, formerly known as the Public Buildings, Penzance, is a municipal building in Alverton Street, Penzance, Cornwall, England. The structure, which was the headquarters of Penzance Borough Council, is a Grade II listed building.

References

  1. ↑ Taylor, Thomas & Salzman, L. F., eds. (1924) A History of the county of Cornwall; Part 8: The Domesday Survey for Cornwall; introduction by L. F. Salzman; translation of the text by Thomas Taylor
  2. ↑ Thorn, C., et al., eds. (1979) Cornwall. Chichester: Phillimore; entry 5,1,11
  3. ↑ Pool, P. A. S. (1974) History of the Borough and Town of Penzance. Penzance Town Council
  4. ↑ Talat, Chaudhri (11 July 2007), "Studies in the Consonantal System of Cornish" (PDF), Cadair Home (Thesis), University of Wales, Aberystwyth, retrieved 18 August 2016
  5. ↑ Pool (1974); pp. 11, 12, 16, 18, 21, 23–24 33, 35–37, 66–69, 210
  6. ↑ Extent of the Property of Henry Tyes in the Manor of Alverton 25 June 1322
  7. ↑ Conveyance by Richard Daniell to Penzance Corporation of the site of the Penzance Market House 11 January 1615
  8. ↑ "Penzance Market Charter". Penwith Local History Group. Retrieved 25 April 2020.
  9. ↑ Alice de Lisle, who married firstly Robert de Holand, secondly Sir Edmund de Hengrave, and thirdly Richard Wychingham
  10. ↑ Pool P. A. S. (1974) History of the Borough and Town of Penzance p. 16. Penzance: Corporation of Penzance

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.