Manuel Salvador Quevedo Fernández (born Venezuela) is a Venezuelan military general and politician. [1] He was Minister of Petroleum of Venezuela and President of Petróleos de Venezuela (PDVSA) from 2017 to 2020. Between 2015 and 2017 he served as Minister of Housing and Habitat. [1] [2]
On February 15, 2019, the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) of the United States Department of the Treasury announced that Manuel Quevedo, along with four other officials of the Government of Nicolás Maduro, was included in the list of those sanctioned by the North American body. On April 15, 2019, Quevedo was sanctioned by the Canadian government, along with 42 other officials from the government of Nicolás Maduro. [3] According to statements by Canadian Foreign Minister Chrystia Freeland, the officials are being sanctioned because "they are directly involved in activities that undermine democratic institutions." [4] [5]
Petróleos de Venezuela, S.A. is the Venezuelan state-owned oil and natural gas company. It has activities in exploration, production, refining and exporting oil as well as exploration and production of natural gas. Since its founding on January 1, 1976, with the nationalization of the Venezuelan oil industry, PDVSA has dominated the oil industry of Venezuela, the world's fifth largest oil exporter.
The Cabinet of Ministers of Venezuela (Spanish: Gabinete de Ministros de Venezuela is one of the bodies that make up the Venezuelan executive in that country's presidential system, alongside the Council of Ministers. The Cabinet is headed by the president of Venezuela, and his corresponding vice president. The purpose of the ministries is to create, adopt, follow and evaluate policies, strategies, programs and projects in accordance with the constitution and the laws of the republic.
Rafael Darío Ramírez Carreño is a Venezuelan engineer, politician, and diplomat. He joined the board of Venezuelan state-owned petroleum company PDVSA in 2002 and served as company president from 2004 to 2014. He also served as Venezuela's Minister of Energy from 2002 to 2014. He was the longest-serving cabinet member under President Hugo Chávez. In 2014, he briefly served as Minister of Foreign Affairs, and then subsequently served as Venezuela's Permanent Representative to the United Nations in New York. Ramirez was fired as UN representative by Venezuelan president Nicolas Maduro the evening of November 28, 2017. He confirmed he had "resigned" at the request of Maduro on December 4, 2017.
The Central Bank of Venezuela is the central bank of Venezuela. It is responsible for issuing and maintaining the value of the Venezuelan bolívar and is the governing agent of the Venezuelan Clearing House System.
Cilia Adela Flores de Maduro is a Venezuelan lawyer and politician. She is married to the President of Venezuela Nicolás Maduro, making her the First Lady. Since 2015, she has also been a deputy in the National Assembly of Venezuela, of which she was president from 2006 to 2011, for her home state of Cojedes. In 2017, the Constituent National Assembly was founded, in which she is a member of the Presidential Commission.
Tareck Zaidan El Aissami Maddah is a Venezuelan politician, who served as the vice president of Venezuela from 2017 to 2018. He served as Minister of Industries and National Production since 14 June 2018, and as Minister of Petroleum from 27 April 2020 until 20 March 2023. He previously was Minister of the Interior and Justice from 2008 to 2012, Governor of Aragua from 2012 to 2017, and the vice president of Venezuela from 2017 to 2018. While holding that office, El Aissami faced allegations of participating in corruption, money laundering and drug trafficking. In 2019, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) added El Aissami to the ICE Most Wanted List, listed by the Homeland Security Investigations unit. El Aissami, who was among the power brokers in Nicolás Maduro's government, resigned on 20 March 2023 during a corruption probe. He was arrested by the Venezuelan prosecutor's office on charges of treason, money laundering and criminal association.
Elías José Jaua Milano is a Venezuelan politician and former university professor who served as the vice president of Venezuela from January 2010 to October 2012. He also served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from January 2013 until September 2014 and as Minister of Education from January 2017 to December 2018.
Delcy Eloína Rodríguez Gómez is a Venezuelan lawyer, diplomat, and politician who has served as the vice president of Venezuela since 2018. Rodríguez has held several positions during the presidencies of Hugo Chávez and Nicolás Maduro. She was Minister of Popular Power for Communication and Information of Venezuela from 2013 to 2014, Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2014 to 2017 and President of the Constituent Assembly of Venezuela from 4 August 2017 to 14 June 2018 until her retirement from that office to assume the vice presidency of the country. Since 2024 she holds the position of Minister of Petroleum. She is a member of the national leadership of the United Socialist Party of Venezuela. The European Union, the United States and Canada have placed sanctions on her for what they said were human rights violations and her role in the political crisis in the country.
Tarek William Saab Halabi is a Venezuelan politician, lawyer, and poet. He was a leader of the Fifth Republic Movement (MVR) party founded by Hugo Chávez, President of Venezuela, who publicly called him "The poet of the revolution". He was the Governor of Anzoátegui from 2004 to 2012, and a member of the Committee for Justice and Truth since 2013. In December 2014, he was elected "People's Defender", or Ombudsman, by the National Assembly for 2014–2021 term. On 5 August 2017, the National Constituent Assembly appointed him as Attorney General in substitution of Luisa Ortega Diaz.
Juan Gerardo Antonio Guaidó Márquez is a Venezuelan opposition politician. He belonged to the social-democratic party Popular Will, and was a federal deputy to the National Assembly representing the state of Vargas.
The Venezuelan presidential crisis was a political crisis concerning the leadership and the legitimate president of Venezuela between 2019 and 2023, with the nation and the world divided in support for Nicolás Maduro or Juan Guaidó.
During the Venezuelan presidential crisis concerning the legitimate President of Venezuela, reactions and responses to the crisis were greatly divided.
During the crisis in Venezuela, the United States applied sanctions against specific Venezuelan government entities and individuals associated with the administration of Nicolás Maduro, along with sanctions applied by the European Union (E.U.), Canada, Mexico, Panama and Switzerland. By September 2019, the Center for Strategic and International Studies said 119 Venezuelans had been sanctioned by the U.S. and several other countries.
Manuel Ricardo Cristopher Figuera is the former director of the Bolivarian National Intelligence Service (SEBIN) and former major general of the Venezuelan army. He is known for being a main conspirator during the failed 2019 Venezuelan uprising.
Alex Nain Saab Morán is a Colombian-born Venezuelan businessman, who has served as the Venezuela's Minister of Industry and National Production since 18 October 2024.
Luis Eduardo Parra Rivero is a Venezuelan politician who was in a dispute with Juan Guaidó for a year over who was the President of the National Assembly of Venezuela based on a vote on 5 January 2020.
Jorge Elieser Marquez is a Venezuelan politician. He is the minister in charge of Office of the Presidency and Monitoring of Government Management of Venezuela. He was appointed minister on 3 November 2017 by President Nicolas Maduro.
The following lists events of the year 2023 in Venezuela.
Pedro Rafael Tellechea Ruiz is a Venezuelan military officer, politician, and mechanical engineer, who has held high government positions as Minister of Popular Power for Petroleum and President of Petróleos de Venezuela (PDVSA). In addition, from 2020 until 2023, he held the presidency of Petroquímica de Venezuela.
During the crisis in Venezuela, the United States applied sanctions against specific Venezuelan government entities and individuals associated with the administration of Nicolás Maduro, along with sanctions applied by the European Union, Canada, Mexico, Panama and Switzerland. Through April 2019, the U.S. sanctioned more than 150 companies, vessels and individuals, in addition to revoking visas of 718 individuals.