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Kristallnacht (German pronunciation: [kʁɪsˈtalnaχt](listen)) or the Night of Broken Glass, also called the November pogrom(s) (German: Novemberpogrome, pronounced [noˈvɛm.bɐ.poˌɡʁoːmə](listen)), was a pogrom against Jews carried out by the Nazi Party's Sturmabteilung (SA) paramilitary and Schutzstaffel (SS) paramilitary forces along with some participation from the Hitler Youth and German civilians throughout Nazi Germany on 9–10 November 1938. The German authorities looked on without intervening. The name Kristallnacht (literally 'Crystal Night') comes from the shards of broken glass that littered the streets after the windows of Jewish-owned stores, buildings and synagogues were smashed. The pretext for the attacks was the assassination of the German diplomat Ernst vom Rath by Herschel Grynszpan, a 17-year-old German-born Polish Jew living in Paris.
Herschel Feibel Grynszpan was a Polish-Jewish expatriate born and raised in Weimar Germany who shot the German diplomat Ernst vom Rath on 7 November 1938 in Paris. The Nazis used this assassination as a pretext to launch Kristallnacht, the antisemitic pogrom of 9–10 November 1938. Grynszpan was seized by the Gestapo after the Fall of France and brought to Germany; his further fate remains shrouded in mystery.
Matthias Rath is a doctor, businessman, and vitamin salesman. He earned his medical degree in Germany. Rath claims that a program of nutritional supplements, including formulations that he sells, can treat or cure diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and HIV/AIDS. These claims are not supported by any reliable medical research. Rath runs the Dr. Rath Health Foundation, has been closely associated with Health Now, Inc., and founded the Dr. Rath Research Institute.
The Blue Angel is a 1930 German musical comedy-drama film directed by Josef von Sternberg, and starring Marlene Dietrich, Emil Jannings and Kurt Gerron. Written by Carl Zuckmayer, Karl Vollmöller and Robert Liebmann – with uncredited contributions by Sternberg – it is based on Heinrich Mann's 1905 novel Professor Unrat and set in an unspecified northern German port city. The Blue Angel presents the tragic transformation of a respectable professor to a cabaret clown and his descent into madness. The film is the first feature-length German full-talkie and brought Dietrich international fame. In addition, it introduced her signature song, Friedrich Hollaender and Robert Liebmann's "Falling in Love Again ". It is considered to be a classic of German cinema.
Ernst Eduard vom Rath was a member of the German nobility, a Nazi Party member, and German Foreign Office diplomat. He is mainly remembered for his assassination in Paris in 1938 by a Polish Jewish teenager, Herschel Grynszpan, which provided a pretext for Kristallnacht, "The Night of Broken Glass".
Marcel Răducanu is a Romanian former professional footballer who played as an attacking midfielder.
Marcel Martin Koller is a Swiss professional football manager and former player who is the current head coach of Al Ahly in the Egyptian Premier League.
Marcel Heller is a German footballer who plays as a winger for SV Straelen.
Marcel Witeczek is a German former professional footballer who played mostly as an attacking midfielder.
Germany national under-20 football team, also known as Germany Under-20s or Germany U20(s), represents Germany in association football at an under-20 age level and is controlled by German Football Association, the governing body for football in Germany.
Marcel Risse is a German professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for FC Viktoria Köln. He has played for Bayer Leverkusen, 1. FC Nürnberg, 1. FSV Mainz 05, and 1. FC Köln.
Marcel Schmelzer is a German former professional footballer who last played as a left-back for Bundesliga club Borussia Dortmund, serving as captain from 2016 to 2018. He was capped by Germany at international level. A one-club man, Schmelzer spent his entire professional career at Dortmund.
Thomas Rath is a German former professional footballer who played as a midfielder for Hertha BSC, Dynamo Dresden, SC Freiburg and VfB Leipzig.
Lukas Rath is an Austrian association football player. He plays as a defender.
Claudia Salman-Rath is a German athlete who specialises in the heptathlon.
Marcel Sabitzer is an Austrian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Premier League club Manchester United, on loan from Bayern Munich. He represents the Austria national team. Predominantly a central midfielder, Sabitzer can play in a multitude of roles, including attacking midfielder, defensive midfielder, winger and second striker.
Rath is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
The 2013 Morocco Tennis Tour – Meknes was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the sixth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2013 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Meknes, Morocco between 9 and 15 September 2013.
Wilhelm Rath was a German writer, translator, bio-dynamic farmer and anthroposophist. He is best known for his research and translations of certain medieval mystics, notably the Friend of God from the Oberland, Bernard Silvestris, Alanus ab Insulis and John of Hildesheim.
Thomas Rath may refer to:
References
- 1 2 Marcel Rath at DFB (also available in German)
- ↑ Marcel Rath at WorldFootball.net
