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Marek Andrzej Trojanowicz (born April 30, 1944 in Warsaw) is a Polish chemist, professor of chemical sciences with specialization in analytical chemistry, academic staff member, and head of the Laboratory for Flow Analysis and Chromatography, University of Warsaw, Poland.
Trojanowicz completed his master studies in 1966 in the Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw. In 1974 in the same Faculty he was granted a PhD degree under the supervision of Prof. Adam Hulanicki in the field of analytical chemistry presenting the thesis on theory of titrations with potentiometric detection. In 1981 he was granted D.Sc. degree (habilitation) based on a dissertation on membrane ion-selective electrodes and their application in water analysis. He had a post-doc one-year stay in Tohoku University in Sendai, Japan, in the research group of Prof. Nobuyuki Tanaka. In 1991 he was nominated a titular professor of chemical sciences. Since 1992 he is full professor in the Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw. He was a visiting professor at 20 universities and research institutes all over the world, including Japan, France, United Kingdom, Italy, Brazil, Australia and USA. Since 1966 he is employed as academic staff member in the Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, and since 1992 simultaneously in the Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology in Warsaw.
He was/is a member of Advisory Editorial Boards of several international journals, including Journal of Biochemical and Biophysical Methods and Talanta (Elsevier), Analytical Letters (Taylor and Francis), Microchimica Acta (Springer) and Journal of Flow Injection Analysis (Japan Association of Flow Injection Analysis). In 1992–2003 he was Scientific Secretary of the Committee on Analytical Chemistry, of the Polish Academy of Sciences. He is a member of the Warsaw Scientific Society, and the Polish Chemical Society, the International Electrochemical Society, and the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry.
He published 320 scientific publications (250 in peer-reviewed journals according to ISI Web of Knowledge, January 2013). In 1988 in the journal of the Royal Society of Chemistry The Analyst he presented the development of enzymatic electrochemical biosensor, where for the first time it was shown that enzyme immobilized in hydrophobic graphite paste maintain the biocatalytic activity. [1] In 1989 he published together with Mark E. Meyerhoff in the journal Analytical Chemistry a paper on novel electrochemical detection in ion-chromatography, which was based on exchange of ions through tubular membranes and measuring the change of potential of the indicator electrode. [2] In 2001 in Journal of Chromatography he published with his research team a work on simultaneous analytical determination of optical isomers of several neurotransmitters in physiological fluids using capillary electrophoresis, including determination of all diastereoisomers of ephedrine. [3] He was also granted 6 patents in Poland, Finland, European Union and USA.
For his scientific activity he was granted several Polish and foreign awards, including Wiktor Kemula Medal of the Polish Chemical Society (2009), Scientific Honor Award of the Japan Association of Flow-Injection Analysis (2003), prizes of Minister of National Education of Poland (1975,1980,1991), and prize of Minister of Environmental Protection of Poland (1972). In 2012 he was granted the Officer's Cross of the Order Polonia Restituta, and prize of Minister of Science and Education for the life achievements in science.
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Analytical chemistry studies and uses instruments and methods to separate, identify, and quantify matter. In practice, separation, identification or quantification may constitute the entire analysis or be combined with another method. Separation isolates analytes. Qualitative analysis identifies analytes, while quantitative analysis determines the numerical amount or concentration.
An electrochemical cell is a device that generates electrical energy from chemical reactions. Electrical energy can also be applied to these cells to cause chemical reactions to occur. Electrochemical cells which generate an electric current are called voltaic or galvanic cells and those that generate chemical reactions, via electrolysis for example, are called electrolytic cells.
An electrolytic cell is an electrochemical cell that utilizes an external source of electrical energy to force a chemical reaction that would otherwise not occur. The external energy source is a voltage applied between the cell′s two electrodes; an anode and a cathode, which are immersed in an electrolyte solution. This is in contrast to a galvanic cell, which itself is a source of electrical energy and the foundation of a battery. The net reaction taking place in a galvanic cell is a spontaneous reaction, i.e, the Gibbs free energy remains -ve, while the net reaction taking place in an electrolytic cell is the reverse of this spontaneous reaction, i.e, the Gibbs free energy is +ve.
Gas chromatography (GC) is a common type of chromatography used in analytical chemistry for separating and analyzing compounds that can be vaporized without decomposition. Typical uses of GC include testing the purity of a particular substance, or separating the different components of a mixture. In preparative chromatography, GC can be used to prepare pure compounds from a mixture.
Analytical technique is a method used to determine a chemical or physical property of a chemical substance, chemical element, or mixture. There is a wide variety of techniques used for analysis, from simple weighing to advanced techniques using highly specialized instrumentation.
In electrochemistry, chronoamperometry is an analytical technique in which the electric potential of the working electrode is stepped and the resulting current from faradaic processes occurring at the electrode is monitored as a function of time. The functional relationship between current response and time is measured after applying single or double potential step to the working electrode of the electrochemical system. Limited information about the identity of the electrolyzed species can be obtained from the ratio of the peak oxidation current versus the peak reduction current. However, as with all pulsed techniques, chronoamperometry generates high charging currents, which decay exponentially with time as any RC circuit. The Faradaic current - which is due to electron transfer events and is most often the current component of interest - decays as described in the Cottrell equation. In most electrochemical cells, this decay is much slower than the charging decay-cells with no supporting electrolyte are notable exceptions. Most commonly a three-electrode system is used. Since the current is integrated over relatively longer time intervals, chronoamperometry gives a better signal-to-noise ratio in comparison to other amperometric techniques.
In analytical chemistry, potentiometric titration is a technique similar to direct titration of a redox reaction. It is a useful means of characterizing an acid. No indicator is used; instead the electric potential is measured across the analyte, typically an electrolyte solution. To do this, two electrodes are used, an indicator electrode and a reference electrode. Reference electrodes generally used are hydrogen electrodes, calomel electrodes, and silver chloride electrodes. The indicator electrode forms an electrochemical half-cell with the interested ions in the test solution. The reference electrode forms the other half-cell.
Electroanalytical methods are a class of techniques in analytical chemistry which study an analyte by measuring the potential (volts) and/or current (amperes) in an electrochemical cell containing the analyte. These methods can be broken down into several categories depending on which aspects of the cell are controlled and which are measured. The four main categories are potentiometry, amperometry, coulometry, and voltammetry.
Flow injection analysis (FIA) is an approach to chemical analysis. It is accomplished by injecting a plug of sample into a flowing carrier stream. The principle is similar to that of Segmented Flow Analysis (SFA) but no air is injected into the sample or reagent streams..
Christie G. Enke is a United States academic chemist who made pioneering contributions to the field of analytical chemistry.
Muhammad Rasul Jan is a Pakistani chemist in the field of analytical chemistry. He served as Vice-Chancellor of University of Malakand from 14 April 2008 till 1 October 2012. He also served as Vice-Chancellor at University of Peshawar and currently he is serving as Vice-Chancellor at the University of Poonch in Rawalakot, Azad Kashmir. He has published extensively in national and international journals and has supervised many M.Phil. and PhD scholars in the field of Analytical Chemistry.
Instrumental analysis is a field of analytical chemistry that investigates analytes using scientific instruments.
Amperometry in chemistry is detection of ions in a solution based on electric current or changes in electric current.
Jiří Barek is an electroanalytical chemist and university teacher of analytical chemistry. He graduated from Charles University, Faculty of Science, Department of Analytical Chemistry in 1972, and obtained his PhD in 1976 from the same institution. From 1977 to 1987 he served as a Lecturer, 1986–2006 as a Reader, and from 2006 he is a professor at the Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague. From 1993 to 1997 he served as the Deputy-Head and 2006–2012 as the Head of the Department of Analytical Chemistry, Charles University, Prague.
Debra R. Rolison is a physical chemist at the Naval Research Laboratory, where she is a head of the Advanced Electrochemical Materials section. Rolison's research involves the design, synthesis, and characterization of multi-functional nanostructures and ultra porous materials for rate-critical applications such as catalysis and energy storage. She is the 112th recipient of the William H. Nichols Medal Award.
Electrochemical stripping analysis is a set of analytical chemistry methods based on voltammetry or potentiometry that are used for quantitative determination of ions in solution. Stripping voltammetry have been employed for analysis of organic molecules as well as metal ions. Carbon paste, glassy carbon paste, and glassy carbon electrodes when modified are termed as chemically modified electrodes and have been employed for the analysis of organic and inorganic compounds.
Doron Aurbach is an Israeli electrochemist, materials and surface scientist.
Samuel Kounaves is an American researcher, academic and author. He is a Professor of Chemistry and adjunct Professor in Earth & Ocean Sciences at Tufts University. He also holds a visiting professorship at Imperial College London since 2014, a Consulting Scientist position at the Technical University of Berlin, and is an affiliate scientist at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory.