Margarita Rudomino All-Russia State Library for Foreign Literature | |
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Location | 109189, Russia, Moscow, Nikoloyamskaya ul., 1, tel. +7 (495) 915-36-21 |
Established | 1921 |
Branches | literature in foreign languages |
Collection | |
Size | about 4.4 million copies in more than 140 languages. |
Other information | |
Director | Vadim Duda |
Website | http://www.libfl.ru/ |
The Margarita Rudomino All-Russian State Library For Foreign Literature, historically known as the All-Union Library of Foreign Literature under the Soviet Union is a special library that focuses primarily on the acquisition of foreign literature and material, it is based in Moscow. [1] It is also known by its nickname, "Foreigner" due to the nature of its collection. The library was founded by Margarita Ivanovna Rudomino.
The library was founded by Margarita Ivanovna Rudomino in 1921 in an old building in central Moscow. [2] It opened as a small Neophilological Library that started with a collection of only 100 books in German, French and English located on the 5th floor of the building. [3] [4] It was not the first special library in the Soviet Union preceded by the Fundamental Library of the Social Libraries in 1918 and the State Central Scientific Medical Library in 1919. [5]
In 1948 the library was conferred by the U.S.S.R Council of Ministers the status of an "All Union Central Library".
The library has held approximately 250 lectures and meetings and 200 exhibitions annually. [6]
The library moved four times and did not have its current home until 1967. The library was still under the control of its founder and it grew to contain four million books. Most of the books are from Western countries and the library contains languages facilities so that readers can learn the language of the books. [2] The books are catalogued according to the system used in the culture that the books come from. The library’s founder studied library science in Denmark. She retired in 1973 [2] by which time the library had four million publications in 128 languages. [7] Since 1975, the profile of the library has included fiction, foreign literature on the Humanities, arts, foreign countries and reference publications.
The main library building is located in Moscow at the Yauza Bank, opposite the high-rise building on Kotelnicheskaya embankment.
Unlike other Central Moscow scientific libraries, the library is intended for readers from sixteen years old. For younger readers (from 5 to 16 years), there is a children's room.
Nicknamed "the Foreigner", the library has an extensive stock of humanities literature. Compared to Moscow's other main libraries, such as the Russian State Library and the State Public Historical Library of Russia, the library offers relative quick access to books from its depository, just 15–20 minutes. It is said that it is one of the world's most important libraries. [2]
Mikhail Afanasyevich Bulgakov was a Russian, later Soviet writer, medical doctor, and playwright active in the first half of the 20th century. He is best known for his novel The Master and Margarita, published posthumously, which has been called one of the masterpieces of the 20th century.
The Master and Margarita is a novel by Soviet writer Mikhail Bulgakov, written in the Soviet Union between 1928 and 1940. A censored version, with several chapters cut by editors, was published in Moscow magazine in 1966–1967, after the writer's death on March 10, 1940, by his widow Elena Bulgakova. The manuscript was not published as a book until 1967, in Paris. A samizdat version circulated that included parts cut out by official censors, and these were incorporated in a 1969 version published in Frankfurt. The novel has since been published in several languages and editions.
Censorship in the Soviet Union was pervasive and strictly enforced.
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Ivan Vasilyevich Samylovskii (Samylovsky) (Russian: Иван Васильевич Самыловский; 5 September 1905 – 29 November 1971) was a Soviet diplomat, politician and journalist. He held the diplomatic rank of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary. He was also the Head of the Department of the Near East of the USSR Ministry for Foreign Affairs (before 1946 known as NKID, i.e. People's Commissariat for Foreign Affairs). In his work he specialized in China, Turkey, Afghanistan, Near and Middle East (including the Palestine question 1944-1947) and the countries of Africa. He is historically known as a leading Soviet specialist in Soviet-Chinese relations.
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Gosfond was a Soviet Trophy Brigade otherwise known as the State Agency for Literature formed in late 1944 by Georgy Malenkov on Stalin's orders. It was one of a number of war committees formed by the Soviet Union during the Vistula–Oder Offensive and tasked with appropriating foreign factories, manufactured goods, raw materials, livestock, farm machinery, fertilizer, crops, laboratories, libraries, museums, scientific archives from all of Soviet occupied Eastern Europe, and forcible relocations of engineers and scientists. The literature confiscated by Gosfond was transported to Soviet state libraries and cultural institutions including the National Lenin Library of the USSR, the National Historical Library, the National Polytechnical Library, the National Library for Foreign Literature and the National Saltykov-Shchedrin Public Library.
George Louis Kline was a philosopher, translator, and prominent American specialist in Russian and Soviet philosophy, author of more than 300 publications, including two monographs, six edited or co-edited anthologies, more than 165 published articles, book chapters, and encyclopedia entries, over 55 translations, and 75 reviews. The majority of his works are in English, but translations of some of them have appeared in Russian, German, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Polish, Serbo-Croatian, Korean and Japanese. He is particularly noted for his authoritative studies on Spinoza, Hegel, and Whitehead. He was President of the Hegel Society of America (1984–86), and President of the Metaphysical Society of America (1985–86). He has also made notable contributions to the study of Marx and the Marxist tradition. He attended Boston University for three years (1938–41), but his education was interrupted by service in the U.S. Army Air Corps during WW II, for which he was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross.
Events from the year 1900 in Russia.
Ekaterina Yurievna Genieva, OBE was a Russian librarian. She was director of the Margarita Rudomino All-Russia State Library for Foreign Literature from 1993 to 2015.
Margarita Ivanovna Rudomino was a Soviet librarian who founded what was later called the Margarita Rudomino All-Russia State Library for Foreign Literature. The library holds over four million books.
Efim Naumovich Gorodetsky was a Soviet historian and a leading authority on the historiography of the October Revolution and the formation of the Soviet state. He received his advanced education at Moscow State University (MSU) where he also taught. He was awarded the State Prize of the USSR in 1943 for his part in a history of the Russian Civil War and produced and edited a number of collections of primary sources relating to Russian and Soviet history.
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