Martin C. Libicki | |
---|---|
Education | Massachusetts Institute of Technology University of California, Berkeley |
Occupation | Scholar |
Martin C. Libicki is an American scholar and Professor at the Frederick S. Pardee RAND Graduate School in Santa Monica, California.
Martin C. Libicki graduated from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge, Massachusetts, where he received a Bachelor of Science degree in Mathematics. [1] He went on to receive a master's degree in City and Regional Planning as well as a PhD in Economics from the University of California, Berkeley. [1]
He worked for the National Defense University for twelve years. [1] [2] He then served on staff for the United States Navy for three years. [1] [2] He went on to work for the U.S. General Accounting Office's Energy and Minerals Division. [1] [2]
He joined the RAND Corporation in 1998, where he served as Senior Management Scientist and Professor at the Frederick S. Pardee RAND Graduate School in Santa Monica, California. [1] [2] He has also worked as a consultant for the United States Department of Justice, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). [1] [2]
He has participated in Track II diplomacy with regards to negotiations between the United States and China on cybersecurity. [3] On the United States response to possible cyberattacks, he has argued for a conservative approach, suggesting that overreacting may hurt US national security interests more. [3]
He currently holds the Maryellen and Richard L. Keyser Distinguished Visiting Professorship in Cyber Security Studies at the U.S. Naval Academy, where in addition to teaching, carries out research in cyber war, and the general impact of information technology on domestic and national security. [4]
System Development Corporation (SDC) was a computer software company based in Santa Monica, California. Founded in 1955, it is considered the first company of its kind.
Jeremy Shapiro is an American intelligence analyst. He is research director at the European Council on Foreign Relations. Previously he was special advisor to the assistant secretary of state for Europe and Eurasia at the U.S. Department of State. Prior to his appointment he was director of research at the "Center on the United States and Europe" at the Brookings Institution. His expertise is in the fields of Civil-military relations, Europe, France, military operations, national security and transatlantic diplomacy.
Cyberwarfare is the use of cyber attacks against an enemy state, causing comparable harm to actual warfare and/or disrupting vital computer systems. Some intended outcomes could be espionage, sabotage, propaganda, manipulation or economic warfare.
A cybersecurity regulation comprises directives that safeguard information technology and computer systems with the purpose of forcing companies and organizations to protect their systems and information from cyberattacks like viruses, worms, Trojan horses, phishing, denial of service (DOS) attacks, unauthorized access and control system attacks. There are numerous measures available to prevent cyberattacks.
The Frederick S. Pardee RAND Graduate School is a private graduate school associated with the RAND Corporation in Santa Monica, California. The school offers doctoral studies in policy analysis and practical experience working on RAND research projects to solve current public policy problems. Its campus is co-located with the RAND Corporation and most of the faculty is drawn from the 950 researchers at RAND. The 2018–19 student body includes 116 men and women from 26 countries around the world.
The Institute for Defense Analyses (IDA) is an American non-profit corporation that administers three federally funded research and development centers (FFRDCs) – the Systems and Analyses Center (SAC), the Science and Technology Policy Institute (STPI), and the Center for Communications and Computing (C&C) – to assist the United States government in addressing national security issues, particularly those requiring scientific and technical expertise. It is headquartered in Alexandria, Virginia.
Howard Anthony Schmidt was a partner with Tom Ridge in Ridge Schmidt Cyber LLC, a consultancy company in the field of cybersecurity. He was the Cyber-Security Coordinator of the Obama Administration, operating in the Executive Office of the President of the United States. He announced his retirement from that position on May 17, 2012, effective at the end of the month.
Donald Blessing Rice is a California businessman and senior government official. He has been president and chief executive officer of several large companies including RAND Corporation, and has sat on numerous boards of directors, including Wells Fargo & Company. Rice also served as the 17th Secretary of the Air Force, from 1989 to 1993.
Proactive cyber defence means acting in anticipation to oppose an attack through cyber and cognitive domains. Proactive cyber defence can be understood as options between offensive and defensive measures. It includes interdicting, disrupting or deterring an attack or a threat's preparation to attack, either pre-emptively or in self-defence. Common methods include cyber deception, attribution, threat hunting and adversarial pursuit. The mission of the pre-emptive and proactive operations is to conduct aggressive interception and disruption activities against an adversary using: psychological operations, managed information dissemination, precision targeting, information warfare operations, computer network exploitation, and other active threat reduction measures. The proactive defense strategy is meant to improve information collection by stimulating reactions of the threat agents and to provide strike options as well as to enhance operational preparation of the real or virtual battlespace. Proactive cyber defence can be a measure for detecting and obtaining information before a cyber attack, or it can also be impending cyber operation and be determining the origin of an operation that involves launching a pre-emptive, preventive, or cyber counter-operation.
Melissa Hathaway is a leading expert in cyberspace policy and cybersecurity. She served under two U.S. presidential administrations from 2007 to 2009, including more than 8 months at the White House, spearheading the Cyberspace Policy Review for President Barack Obama after leading the Comprehensive National Cybersecurity Initiative (CNCI) for President George W. Bush. She is President of Hathaway Global Strategies LLC, a Senior Fellow and member of the Board of Regents at Potomac Institute for Policy Studies, a Distinguished Fellow at the Centre for International Governance Innovation in Canada, and a non-resident Research Fellow at the Kosciuszko Institute in Poland. She was previously a Senior Adviser at Harvard Kennedy School's Belfer Center.
The RAND Corporation is an American nonprofit global policy think tank created in 1948 by Douglas Aircraft Company to offer research and analysis to the United States Armed Forces. It is financed by the U.S. government and private endowment, corporations, universities and private individuals.
Cyberwarfare is the use of computer technology to disrupt the activities of a state or organization, especially the deliberate attacking of information systems for strategic or military purposes. As a major developed economy, the United States is highly dependent on the Internet and therefore greatly exposed to cyber attacks. At the same time, the United States has substantial capabilities in both defense and power projection thanks to comparatively advanced technology and a large military budget. Cyber warfare presents a growing threat to physical systems and infrastructures that are linked to the internet. Malicious hacking from domestic or foreign enemies remains a constant threat to the United States. In response to these growing threats, the United States has developed significant cyber capabilities.
The military-digital complex (MDC) is the militarization of cyber operations by governments and corporations, often through monetary relationships between computer programmers in private companies and the military to combat the threat of cyber terrorism and warfare. Cyber operations since 2000 have increased dramatically, with the recent branch of the US Strategic Command the United States Cyber Command. Cyber operations has been defined by the Washington Post as,
The 2011 U.S. Department of Defense Strategy for Operating in Cyberspace is a formal assessment of the challenges and opportunities inherent in increasing reliance on cyberspace for military, intelligence, and business operations. Although the complete document is classified and 40 pages long, this 19 page summary was released in July 2011 and explores the strategic context of cyberspace before describing five “strategic initiatives” to set a strategic approach for DoDʼs cyber mission.
Gabriel "Gabi" Siboni is a colonel in the Israel Defense Forces Reserve service, and a senior research fellow and the director of the Military and Strategic Affairs and Cyber Security programs at the Institute for National Security Studies. Additionally, he serves as editor of the tri-yearly published, Military and Strategic Affairs academic journal at INSS. Siboni is a senior expert on national security, military strategy and operations, military technology, cyber warfare, and force buildup. Siboni is as a professor at the Francisco de Vitoria University in Madrid.
Ben Connable is an American retired Marine Major, military strategist and Professor at the Frederick S. Pardee RAND Graduate School in Santa Monica, California.
Frederick S. Pardee was an American economist, real estate investor and philanthropist from Los Angeles, California. An alumnus of Boston University, Pardee was one of the largest donors to the University. He was a researcher at the RAND Corporation from 1957 to 1971. In his life, he was a philanthropist and real estate investor who owned and managed apartment buildings in Los Angeles. He made charitable contributions to the RAND Corporation as well as several universities in the United States and a school in South Africa. His most prominent charitable gift was of US$25 million to Boston University for the establishment of the Frederick S. Pardee School of Global Studies at Boston University, named for him.
A threat actor or malicious actor is either a person or a group of people that take part in an action that is intended to cause harm to the cyber realm including: computers, devices, systems, or networks. The term is typically used to describe individuals or groups that perform malicious acts against a person or an organization of any type or size. Threat actors engage in cyber related offenses to exploit open vulnerabilities and disrupt operations. Threat actors have different educational backgrounds, skills, and resources. The frequency and classification of cyber attacks changes rapidly. The background of threat actors helps dictate who they target, how they attack, and what information they seek. There are a number of threat actors including: cyber criminals, nation-state actors, ideologues, thrill seekers/trolls, insiders, and competitors. These threat actors all have distinct motivations, techniques, targets, and uses of stolen data.
Gregory F. ("Greg") Treverton is an American foreign policy and intelligence executive. Treverton was the chairperson of the U.S. National Intelligence Council from 2014-2017 and vice chair from 1993-1995. He is also a professor at the University of Southern California and a visiting senior fellow at the Swedish Defence University.