Mary Gilu | |
---|---|
Member of the Representative Assembly | |
In office 1975–1977 | |
Constituency | Santo Town |
Mary Laufa Gilu is a Vanuatuan former politician. She and Tessa Fowler were the first women elected to the New Hebrides Representative Assembly,serving from 1975 to 1977.
After working as a staff nurse for the British Solomon Islands government, [1] Gilu attended the SPC Community Education Training Centre,graduating in 1965. [2] She subsequently became an assistant women's interests officer in Honiara, [3] She later married Francis Gilu,a vicar, [4] and moved to the New Hebrides. [2]
She became a member of the New Hebrides National Party and contested the Santo Town constituency in the November 1975 elections. Although she was elected to the Representative Assembly,in May 1976,her election –and that of three other members –was annulled. [5] [6] An appeal to Joint Court in July was unsuccessful,but Gilu was re-elected in the by-elections on 25 October,increasing her majority. [7]
The National Party boycotted the 1977 elections and Gilu lost her seat. Following independence she worked as a civil servant,becoming a social skills social development coordinator for the Ministry of Education,Youth and Sports. [8] In 1982 she was awarded the Vanuatu Independence Medal by President Ati George Sokomanu. [9]
Vanuatu,officially the Republic of Vanuatu,is an island country in Melanesia,located in the South Pacific Ocean. The archipelago,which is of volcanic origin,is 1,750 km (1,090 mi) east of northern Australia,540 km (340 mi) northeast of New Caledonia,east of New Guinea,southeast of Solomon Islands,and west of Fiji.
The history of Vanuatu spans over 3,200 years.
The politics of Vanuatu take place within the framework of a constitutional democracy. The constitution provides for a representative parliamentary system. The head of the Republic is an elected President. The Prime Minister of Vanuatu is the head of government.
New Hebrides,officially the New Hebrides Condominium and named after the Hebrides Scottish archipelago,was the colonial name for the island group in the South Pacific Ocean that is now Vanuatu. Native people had inhabited the islands for three thousand years before the first Europeans arrived in 1606 from a Spanish expedition led by Portuguese navigator Pedro Fernandes de Queirós. The islands were named by Captain James Cook in 1774 and subsequently colonised by both the British and the French.
Walter Hadye Lin̄i was a Raga Anglican priest and politician who was the first Prime Minister of Vanuatu,from independence in 1980 to 1991. He was born at Agatoa village,Pentecost Island. On his mother's side,he was a descendant of the high chief Virasangvulu,while on his father's side,he was descended from the famous weaver,Nuenue,as well as from the high chief Viralalau.
Frederick "Fred" Karlomuana Timakata was a Ni-Vanuatu politician who served as the president of Vanuatu from 1989 to 1994.
Nagriamel is a political party in Vanuatu.
General elections were held in Papua New Guinea between 18 June and 9 July 1977,the first since independence from Australia in 1975. The Pangu Party led by Prime Minister Michael Somare emerged as the largest in the National Parliament. Somare subsequently formed a coalition government with the People's Progress Party (PPP) and several independent MPs. Voter turnout was 60.3%.
The Coconut War was a brief clash between Papua New Guinean soldiers and rebels in Espiritu Santo shortly before and after the independence of the Republic of Vanuatu was declared on 30 July 1980.
General elections were held for the first time in the New Hebrides on 10 November 1975. The result was a victory for the New Hebrides National Party,which won 17 seats in the new Representative Assembly.
Early general elections were held in the New Hebrides on 29 November 1977 following the dissolution of the Representative Assembly elected in 1975 due to the Vanua'aku Pati blocking its work in order to protest the inclusion of members elected by the Chamber of Commerce.
General elections were held in the New Hebrides on 14 November 1979 for the seats in Representative Assembly,the last before independence the following year. The result was a victory for the Vanua'aku Pati,which won 25 of the 39 seats,with its partner party Natui Tanno winning one. Voter turnout was 90.3%.
Alexis Yolou was a New Hebridean politician. He was elected to the Representative Assembly in 1979 from the Tanna constituency,but was killed the following year as part of the civil strife on Tanna that resulted from the landslide victory of the Vanua'aku Pati.
Michael Ala was a Vanuatuan medical practitioner,clergyman and politician. He served as a member of the Advisory Council from 1964 to 1975.
Fanaura Kimiora Kingstone QSO is a Cook Islands former politician and Cabinet Minister. In 1983 she became the second woman elected to the Parliament of the Cook Islands,and the first appointed to Cabinet.
Edwige Antier is a French paediatrician and former politician. She was one of two women elected to the Territorial Assembly of New Caledonia in 1977,the territory's first female legislators. She was served in the French National Assembly as a representative of Paris's 4th constituency.
Tessa Fowler is a Vanuatuan former politician. She and Mary Gilu were the first women elected to the New Hebrides Representative Assembly,serving from 1975 to 1977.
Ni-Vanuatu nationality law is regulated by the 1980 Constitution of Vanuatu,as amended;the 1980 Citizenship Act,and its revisions;and various international agreements to which the country is a signatory. These laws determine who is,or is eligible to be,a national of Vanuatu. Ni-Vanuatu nationality is typically obtained under the principle of jus sanguinis,i.e. by birth in Vanuatu or abroad to parents with ni-Vanuatu nationality. It can be granted to persons with an affiliation to the country,or to a permanent resident who has lived in the country for a given period of time through naturalisation. Vanuatu has had several programs that grant honorary citizenship by investment. Nationality establishes one's international legal identity as a member of a sovereign nation. Though it is not synonymous with citizenship,for rights granted under domestic law for domestic purposes,the United Kingdom,and thus the commonwealth,have traditionally used the words interchangeably.
The New Hebrides Condominium Representative Assembly was a unicameral legislature in New Hebrides Condominium from 1975 to 1980. It was the first elected legislative arm in the condominium.