Mary Lovelace O'Neal

Last updated

Mary Lovelace O'Neal
Born
Mary Lovelace

(1942-02-10) February 10, 1942 (age 82)
Jackson, Mississippi, U.S.
NationalityAmerican
Alma mater Howard University,
Columbia University
Occupation(s)Artist, professor
Known forPainting, Printmaking
Movement Black Arts Movement
Spouses

Mary Lovelace O'Neal (born February 10, 1942) is an American artist and arts educator. Her work is focused on abstracted mixed-media (primarily painting and printmaking) and minimalism. She is a Professor Emeritus, University of California, Berkeley and retired from teaching in 2006. [1] O'Neal's art has been exhibited widely throughout North America and internationally, with group and solo shows in Italy, France, Chile, Senegal and Nigeria. [2] She lives and works in Oakland, California, and maintains a studio in Chile. [3]

Contents

Early life and education

Mary Lovelace was born in Jackson, Mississippi, on February 10, 1942. She credits her father for nurturing her love of the arts. [3] During her childhood and adolescence O'Neal's father, Ariel Lovelace, was choir director and professor of music at Tougaloo College and the University of Arkansas. [4]

O'Neal attended Howard University in Washington, DC, from 1960 to 1964 and studied with David Driskell, Lois Mailou Jones and James A. Porter, receiving her B.F.A. in 1964. [1] She attended the Skowhegan School of Painting and Sculpture in Maine during the summer of 1963. [5] During her time at Howard University, O'Neal became active in the Civil Rights Movement and mentored by many influential leaders in the movement, including Stokely Carmichael, Jacob Lawrence and his wife, painter Gwendolyn Lawrence. [5] [2] She worked briefly at the Free Southern Theater (FST) with one of the theatre founders, her first husband John O'Neal. [6]

O'Neal continued her fine arts education at Columbia University, studying with Aja Junger, Stephen Greene, Leon Golden and Andra Rat. While at Columbia, O'Neal became involved in the Black Art Movement in New York City, which further influenced her work. [2] She received her M.F.A. from Columbia University in 1969. [2]

Career

Forbidden Fruit (c. 1990) at the Baltimore Museum of Art in 2022 Forbidden Fruit, c. 1990, Mary Lovelace O'Neal at BMA 2022.jpeg
Forbidden Fruit (c. 1990) at the Baltimore Museum of Art in 2022

Mary Lovelace O'Neal's paintings have progressed through different phases over her long career, beginning with loose forms and evolving to more precise patterns. O'Neal has received numerous awards and exhibited in many national and international exhibitions throughout her career. [2] She was invited as resident artist to participate in the international arts festival in Asilah, Morocco, in 1983. O'Neal curated an exhibition for the Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes in Santiago, Chile, "17 Artistas Latino y Afro Americanos en USA" in 1991. Two years later, she received the Artist En France Award sponsored by the French government and Moet & Chandon. In 2005, she was selected to represent Mississippi in the Committees Exhibition at the National Museum of Women in the Arts in Washington, D.C.

O'Neal started teaching full-time at University of California, Berkeley in 1978. [6] In 1985 she became the first African American artist to receive tenure in the department of art, [7] [8] and then appointed in 1999 as the Chair of the Department of Art Practice [8] until her retirement in 2006. She has taught at several institutions in the U.S. including the University of Texas at Austin, San Francisco Art Institute, California College of Arts and Crafts, Oakland, California. [8] And she has taught internationally at Jorge Tadeo Lozano, Bogota, Colombia. [3]

In 1984, O'Neal worked on monotype printmaking with Robert Blackburn at the Robert Blackburn Printmaking Workshop in New York City. [8] She enjoyed the process so much and she explored various other printing processes and printed over 200 prints at Blackburn's shop over the years. [8]

O’Neal's involvement with civil rights movements, and how they are represented in her art, can not be fully understood without mentioning the influence of Stokley Carmichael (O’Neal's former boyfriend) who coined the terms "Black Power" and "Black Panther" meaning "Power to the People". [9] O’Neal traces her activism to Stokley, and in an interview with Bomb Magazine, O’Neal recalls how a chance encounter living in Morocco with other printmakers and creatives inspired her famous 1984 series Panthers in my Fathers Palace, a likely homage to her experience being a Mississippi native. [10] Akin to O’Neal's experience with abstract layering, she began collecting torn sheets of paper from printmaking studios in the early 1990s, breathing new life into another man's trash- reconstructing waste into experimental collage paintings. [11] Along with Toro, who introduced new mediums and experimented with O’Neal, they displayed their original works Troisieme Triennale Mondiale d’Estampes at the Musee d’Art Contemporaine de Chemalieres, France from 1994 to 1997. [12]

Lampblack series, 1960s–1970s

O'Neal developed these paintings while earning her MFA at Columbia University. This series of monochromes, made in the late 1960s-early 70s, were monumental and made using ebony pigment that was rubbed into raw unstretched canvas using a chalkboard eraser or her hands. [1] The deep black of the surface could, "absorb and silence the noise of ideology, activate space, and impact the body." [7]

Exhibitions

In February 2020, Mnuchin Gallery held O'Neal's first solo exhibition in New York since 1993, which surveyed over five decades of her work, from the late 1960s through 2000s. The mini retrospective, Chasing Down the Image, reveals the ways in which O'Neal has engaged abstraction and materiality exuberantly for political ends, marrying experimental black aesthetics with influences of Minimalism. She was engaged with issues taken up by Donald Judd, Joseph Stella, and Sam Gilliam while simultaneously having conversations with Amiri Baraka who pushed her to make images of the Black Power movement instead of abstraction. [13] During the 60s and 70s O'Neal's abstraction went against the emphasis placed on figuration by the Black Arts Movement and the Black Panthers as a means for Black empowerment. O'Neal's work, "insists on the aesthetic integration of experiences and styles once construed to be mutually exclusive." [7]

In March 2020, the Museum of the African Diaspora mounted a solo exhibition of O'Neal's Whales Fucking series from the 1970s. These expressionist abstract landscapes were made in response to her first visit to the Bay Area that decade. They are made using oil paint, glitter and tape. [14]

In 2024, O'Neal was included in the 2024 Whitney Biennial, "Even Better than the Real Thing." She shared three paintings—one from her Whales Fucking series (1979 – early 1980s), one from her Two Deserts, Three Winters series (1990s), and one from her newest body of work, The Mexico Works (2021–23). [15] [16] At the same time, she showcased a solo show of eerie, rhapsodic paintings at Marianne Boesky. [17] Titled, HECHO EN MÉXICO—a mano (MADE IN MEXICO—by hand), the show included monumental canvases made over the past three years in the artist’s studio in Mérida, Mexico. [18]

Public collections

Her work is in various permanent art collections including the Oakland Museum of California, [19] National Gallery of Art, [20] Kemper Museum of Contemporary Art, [21] [3] San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, [22] the Brooklyn Museum, [23] the Smithsonian Institutions, the Baltimore Museum of Art, [24] and the National Museum of Fine Arts, Santiago, Chile. [14]

Personal life

O'Neal dated activist Stokely Carmichael, whom she met while attending Howard University in the 1960s. [5] Her first husband was John O'Neal. [6] In 1983, O'Neal met the Chilean painter Patricio Moreno Toro, whom she eventually married. [6] [25]

Related Research Articles

The Bay Area Figurative Movement was a mid-20th-century art movement made up of a group of artists in the San Francisco Bay Area who abandoned working in the prevailing style of Abstract Expressionism in favor of a return to figuration in painting during the 1950s and onward into the 1960s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mary Henry (artist)</span> American painter (1913–2009)

Mary Henry, born Mary M. Dill, was an American artist whose work, most notably large oil paintings and acrylics but also prints, was characteristized by geometric abstraction. Many of her pieces are diptychs and some are triptychs. Some of her work resembles, variously, op art, constructivism, or even psychedelic art.

Sylvia Snowden is an African American abstract painter who works with acrylics, oil pastels, and mixed media to create textured works that convey the "feel of paint". Many museums have hosted her art in exhibits, while several have added her works to their permanent collections.

Betty Blayton was an American activist, advocate, artist, arts administrator and educator, and lecturer. As an artist, Blayton was an illustrator, painter, printmaker, and sculptor. She is best known for her works often described as "spiritual abstractions". Blayton was a founding member of the Studio Museum in Harlem and board secretary, co-founder and executive director of Harlem Children's Art Carnival (CAC), and a co-founder of Harlem Textile Works. She was also an advisor, consultant and board member to a variety of other arts and community-based service organizations and programs. Her abstract methods created a space for the viewer to insert themselves into the piece, allowing for self reflection, a central aspect of Blayton's work.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Carlos Villa</span> American avisual artist (1936–2013)

Carlos Villa was a Filipino-American visual artist, curator and faculty member in the Painting Department at the San Francisco Art Institute. His work often explored the meaning of cultural diversity and sought to expand awareness of multicultural issues in the arts.

Liz Craft is a Los Angeles installation artist and sculptor. She co-runs the Paradise Garage in Venice Beach, California. Her artwork has been exhibited internationally and collected by museums including the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, LACMA, and the Hammer Museum in Los Angeles.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vivian E. Browne</span> American artist

Vivian E. Browne was an American artist. Born in Laurel, Florida, Browne was mostly known for her painting series called Little Men and her Africa series. She is also known for linking abstraction to nature in her tree paintings and in a series of abstract works made with layers of silk that were influenced by her travels to China. She was an activist, professor, and has received multiple awards for her work. According to her mother, Browne died at age 64 from bladder cancer.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Benny Alba</span> American painter

Benny Alba is an artist who lives in Oakland, California.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ynez Johnston</span> American painter (1920–2019)

Ynez Johnston was an American painter, sculptor, printmaker, and educator. Known for her work in painting, printmaking, and mixed media, Johnston was particularly inspired by Byzantine art, as well as Tibetan, Indian, Mexican, and Nepalese art from her extensive travels. Johnston was based in the San Francisco Bay Area in early life, and moved to Los Angeles in 1949.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Suzanne Jackson (artist)</span> American visual artist

Suzanne Jackson is an American visual artist, gallery owner, poet, dancer, educator, and set designer; with a career spanning five decades. Her work has been exhibited in museums and galleries around the world. Since the late 1960s, Jackson has dedicated her life to studio art with additional participation in theatre, teaching, arts administration, community life, and social activism. Jackson's oeuvre includes poetry, dance, theater, costume design, paintings, prints, and drawings.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mary E. Wrinch</span> Canadian painter (1877-1969)

Mary Evelyn Wrinch (1877–1969), was a Canadian artist who created miniature paintings, oil paintings, and block prints, sometimes inspired by the Northern Ontario landscape. She pioneered the 'Canadian style', painting landscapes with bold colours of the Algoma, Muskoka and Lake Superior regions, in situ. In her miniature paintings on ivory, she depicted her sitters with freshness and vitality. Her colour block prints are virtuoso examples of the medium.

Dewey Crumpler, is an American painter and educator. He was an associate professor at the San Francisco Art Institute.

Caitlin Cherry is an African-American painter, sculptor, and educator.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Robert Brokl</span> American artist and activist

Robert Brokl is an American visual artist and activist based in the Bay Area, known for expressive woodblock printmaking and painting that has focused on the figure, landscape and travel for subject matter. His visual language combines the influences of German Expressionism, Japanese woodblock printing and the Bay Area Figurative Movement with a loosely autobiographical, Romantic interest in representing authentic personal experience, inner states and nature. Critics and curators characterize his style by its graphic line, expressive gestural brushwork, tactile surfaces and sensitivity to color, mood and light.

LaToya M. Hobbs is an American painter and printmaker best known for her large-scale portraits of Black women. She was born and raised in Little Rock, Arkansas. She earned her BA from the University of Arkansas at Little Rock and her MFA from Purdue University. Hobbs moved to Baltimore, Maryland later in her life, where she works as a professor at the Maryland Institute College of Art. She gained recognition for her portraiture and figurative imagery in the 2010s, receiving several travel grants and awards.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sylvia Solochek Walters</span> American artist and printmaker

Sylvia Solochek Walters is an American artist and educator. She has produced drawings, paintings and collage works in her career, but is best known for complex woodcut prints created through the "reduction and stencil" process. Her work combines elements of realist, decorative and formalist art, flat and illusionistic space, and varied patterning and textures. She has largely focused on portraits, still lifes and domestic interiors, and collage-like combinations of personal symbolism—concerns that writers often align with early feminist art.

Nancy Genn is an American artist living and working in Berkeley, California known for works in a variety of media, including paintings, bronze sculpture, printmaking, and handmade paper rooted in the Japanese washi paper making tradition. Her work explores geometric abstraction, non-objective form, and calligraphic mark making, and features light, landscape, water, and architecture motifs. She is influenced by her extensive travels, and Asian craft, aesthetics and spiritual traditions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Patricio Moreno Toro</span> Chilean/American artist

Patricio Salvador Moreno Toro is a Chilean-born American visual artist and painter. His work is associated with abstract expressionism and incorporates Chilean forms and details.

Sylvia Lark (1947–1990) was a Native American/Seneca artist, curator, and educator. She best known as an Abstract expressionist painter and printmaker. Lark lived in the San Francisco Bay Area for many years.

Jean Halpert–Ryden was an American visual artist, active in Northern California. She primarily worked in painting, printmaking, and drawing; and her work was shown internationally. She was married to noted artist and designer, Edward Ryden.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "At 77, the Abstract Painter Mary Lovelace O'Neal Will Be the Latest Artist to Get the Rediscovery Treatment at Mnuchin Gallery". artnet News. December 3, 2019. Retrieved December 5, 2019.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 "Mary Lovelace O'Neal bio". ArtNet.com.
  3. 1 2 3 4 "Mary Lovelace O'Neal". Rehistoricizing Abstract Expressionism in the Bay Area.
  4. Resmer, Emily (December 6, 2002). "The Art and Passions of Mary Lovelace O'Neal". Jackson Free Press.
  5. 1 2 3 Moonan, Wendy (March 1, 2020). "A Painter and Social Activist With an 'Unruly Nature' (Published 2020)". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved March 10, 2021.
  6. 1 2 3 4 "m. l. o". art ltd. magazine. November 1, 2007. Retrieved February 8, 2018.
  7. 1 2 3 "Jan Avgikos on Mary Lovelace O'Neal". Artforum. Retrieved July 6, 2020.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 LeFalle-Collins, Lizzetta (August 10, 2013). "When the Muse Comes a-Callin': In the Print Lab with Mary Lovelace O'Neal". NYU Black Renaissance Noire. New York University (NYU). Retrieved February 8, 2018.
  9. Cobb, Charlie (1997). "Revolution: From Stokely Carmichael to Kwame Ture". The Black Scholar. 27 (3/4): 32–38. doi:10.1080/00064246.1997.11430870. ISSN   0006-4246. JSTOR   41068743.
  10. "Mary Lovelace O'Neal by Suzanne Jackson – BOMB Magazine". bombmagazine.org. Retrieved April 10, 2021.
  11. DENG, AUDREY (February 28, 2020). "Alumna Mary Lovelace O'Neal '69 Has First Solo exhibition in 25 Years, 'Chasing Down the Image'". Columbia University School of The Arts.
  12. LeFalle-Collins, Lizzetta (Spring–Summer 2013). "When the Muse Comes a-Callin': In the Print Lab with Mary Lovelace O'Neal". Black Renaissance/Renaissance Noire via GALE Literature Resource Center.
  13. Moonan, Wendy (March 1, 2020). "A Painter and Social Activist With an 'Unruly Nature'". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved July 6, 2020.
  14. 1 2 "Mary Lovelace O'Neal: Whales, A Romance…". MoAD Museum of African Diaspora. Retrieved July 6, 2020.
  15. "Celebrating Mary Lovelace O'Neal at the Whitney". March 13, 2024. Retrieved May 30, 2024.
  16. "Whitney Biennial 2024: Even Better Than the Real Thing | 20 March - 11 August 2024". Jenkins Johnson Gallery. Retrieved May 30, 2024.
  17. Nevins, Jake (April 2, 2024). "Painter Mary Lovelace O'Neal Finds Interviews Stupid. But Not This One". Interview Magazine. Retrieved May 30, 2024.
  18. "HECHO EN MÉXICO – A MANO". Marianne Boesky Gallery. Retrieved May 30, 2024.
  19. "2005.124.3 Mary Lovelace O'Neal". Oakland Museum of CA (OMCA) Collections. Retrieved February 9, 2018.
  20. "O'Neal artist Info". nga.gov. National Gallery of Art. Retrieved February 9, 2018.
  21. "...And a Twinkle in Your Eye"/Daddy #6". Cuseum.
  22. "Mary Lovelace O'Neal". SFMOMA. Retrieved March 9, 2021.
  23. "Mary Lovelace O'Neal". Brooklyn Museum.
  24. "Baltimore Museum of Art Acquires Masterpieces by Female-Identified Artists for Major Initiative". June 25, 2020.
  25. "Patricio Moreno Toro bio". Art&Beyond. Art & Beyond Publications. March 10, 2015. Retrieved February 8, 2018.