Mary May Lowe is a politician in the Bailiwick of Guernsey. She served in the island's legislature for 26 years, becoming Guernsey's longest-serving politician, before leaving office after the 2020 general election.
Lowe was first elected as a representative of the parish of Vale in the States of Guernsey, the bailiwick's legislature, in 1994. [1] [2] [3] [4] She was consistently reelected over the next two decades. Beginning in 2004 she served as social security minister on the States of Guernsey's Policy Council. [5] She lost the ministerial position in 2007 to Diane Lewis, with Lowe attributing her election loss to the Fallgate scandal. [6]
After a long career in the legislature, Lowe became the first person to hold the title of "Mother of the House." In this role, she served as acting presiding officer when the parliament's bailiff or deputy bailiff were unavailable. [1] [2] [7] She also led the States of Guernsey's Committee for Home Affairs, which is responsible for managing the bailiwick's emergency services, judicial system, and prison, from 2013 to 2020. [1] [2] [8] [9]
In 2017, Lowe faced complaints that she had made discriminatory comments about a fellow politician, Marc Leadbeater, suggesting that he would be unfit to serve in the legislature because he has a close relative with disabilities. She denied any wrongdoing and dismissed the complaints as "totally unwarranted." [10] Then, in 2019, Lowe faced pressure to step down from her position in the legislature amid allegations that she bullied staff. After a government report accused Lowe of "harassing or bullying" staff on the Committee for Home Affairs, Lowe argued there was a "woeful lack of evidence" and declined to leave office, although two other committee members stepped down in anticipation of the report's release. [9] [11] [12]
The 2020 Guernsey general election, which was delayed by the COVID-19 pandemic, marked a major restructure of Guernsey's electoral system, with political parties introduced to the first time and candidates running in an all-island vote rather than separate parishes. Lowe ran as an independent. She lost her spot in the legislature, with 20.4% support in the plurality-at-large vote. [1] [2] [3] [13] On leaving office, Lowe was the island's longest-serving politician. [1] [2]
The Channel Islands are an archipelago in the English Channel, off the French coast of Normandy. They are divided into two Crown Dependencies: the Bailiwick of Jersey, which is the largest of the islands; and the Bailiwick of Guernsey, consisting of Guernsey, Alderney, Sark, Herm and some smaller islands. Historically, they are the remnants of the Duchy of Normandy. Although they are not part of the United Kingdom, the UK is currently responsible for the defence and international relations of the islands. The Crown Dependencies are neither members of the Commonwealth of Nations, nor part of the European Union. They have a total population of about 171,916, and the bailiwicks' capitals, Saint Helier and Saint Peter Port, have populations of 33,500 and 18,207 respectively.
Guernsey is the second largest island in the Channel Islands, located 27 miles (43 km) west of the Cotentin Peninsula, Normandy. It forms the major part of the jurisdiction of the same name, which also comprises three other inhabited islands and many small islets and rocks. The jurisdiction has a population of 63,950 and the island has a land area of 24 square miles (62 km2).
Politics of Guernsey take place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic British Crown dependency.
The Crown Dependencies are three island territories in the British Islands that are self-governing possessions of the British Crown: the Bailiwick of Guernsey and the Bailiwick of Jersey, both located in the English Channel and together known as the Channel Islands, and the Isle of Man in the Irish Sea between Great Britain and Ireland. They are not part of the United Kingdom (UK) nor are they British Overseas Territories. They have the status of "territories for which the United Kingdom is responsible", rather than sovereign states. As a result, they are not member states of the Commonwealth of Nations. However, they do have relationships with the Commonwealth and other international organizations, and are members of the British–Irish Council. They have their own teams in the Commonwealth Games.
The bailiff is the chief justice in each of the Channel Island bailiwicks of Guernsey and Jersey, also serving as president of the legislature and having ceremonial and executive functions. Each bailiwick has possessed its own bailiff since the islands were divided into two jurisdictions in the 13th century. The bailiffs and deputy bailiffs are appointed by the Crown on the advice of the Secretary of State for Justice and may hold office until retirement age.
Guernsey elects a legislature at the national level. The islands of Alderney and Sark also elect their own parliaments.
The jurats are lay people in Guernsey and Jersey who act as judges of fact rather than law, though they preside over land conveyances and liquor licensing. In Alderney, however, the jurats are judges of both fact and law in both civil and criminal matters.
Vale is one of the ten parishes of Guernsey in the Bailiwick of Guernsey, Channel Islands.
Sir Philip Martin Bailhache KC is a Jersey politician and lawyer who has served as a Deputy for St Clement since 2022 and the leader of the Jersey Liberal Conservatives party.
The States Assembly is the parliament of Jersey, formed of the island's 37 deputies and the Connétable of each of the twelve parishes.
The Chief Minister of Guernsey chaired the Policy Council, which consists of the heads of each of the ten departments of the States of Guernsey. Guernsey operates a system of consensus, committees-based government. The Policy Council is explicitly not a cabinet and has relatively little executive authority compared to a cabinet; instead, its main function is policy co-ordination. The Chief Minister also spoke for the island externally in political matters.
Kristina Louise Moore is a Jersey politician and former journalist who is currently the Chief Minister of Jersey.
Jonathan Paul Le Tocq is a politician in Guernsey.
Politics of Alderney takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic British Crown dependency, whereby the President of the States of Alderney is the head of government. Alderney is part of the Bailiwick of Guernsey but is largely self-governing.
The 2016 Guernsey general election was held on 27 April 2016 to elect 38 members of the States of Guernsey who will serve until 2020.
The Courts of Guernsey are responsible for the administration of justice in the Bailiwick of Guernsey, one of the Channel Islands. They apply the law of the Island, which is a mixture of customary law dating back as far as the 10th century and legislation passed by the legislature, the States of Deliberation.
The Law of Guernsey originates in Norman customary law, overlaid with principles taken from English common law and French law, as well as from statute law enacted by the competent legislature(s) – usually, but not always, the States of Guernsey.
The 2020 Guernsey general election took place on 7 October 2020 to elect 38 members of the States of Guernsey. Originally scheduled to be held in June 2020, it was delayed a year to 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic before being brought forward to its final date. This election was the first on the island to include political parties, as the first ones were organised and registered in 2020.
The Bailiwick of Jersey has an unwritten constitution arising from the Treaty of Paris (1259). When Henry III and the King of France came to terms over the Duchy of Normandy, the Norman mainland the suzerainty of the King of France. The Channel Islands however remained loyal to the British crown due to the loyalties of its Seigneurs. But they were never absorbed into the Kingdom of England by any Act of Union and exist as "peculiars of the Crown".