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Phonetic Extensions is a Unicode block containing phonetic characters used in the Uralic Phonetic Alphabet, Old Irish phonetic notation, the Oxford English dictionary and American dictionaries, and Americanist and Russianist phonetic notations. Its character set is continued in the following Unicode block, Phonetic Extensions Supplement.
Phonetic Extensions Supplement is a Unicode block containing characters for specialized and deprecated forms of the International Phonetic Alphabet.
The Unicode Consortium and the ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 2 jointly collaborate on the list of the characters in the Universal Coded Character Set. The Universal Coded Character Set, most commonly called the Universal Character Set, is an international standard to map characters, discrete symbols used in natural language, mathematics, music, and other domains, to unique machine-readable data values. By creating this mapping, the UCS enables computer software vendors to interoperate, and transmit—interchange—UCS-encoded text strings from one to another. Because it is a universal map, it can be used to represent multiple languages at the same time. This avoids the confusion of using multiple legacy character encodings, which can result in the same sequence of codes having multiple interpretations depending on the character encoding in use, resulting in mojibake if the wrong one is chosen.
Specials is a short Unicode block of characters allocated at the very end of the Basic Multilingual Plane, at U+FFF0–FFFF. Of these 16 code points, five have been assigned since Unicode 3.0:
In the Unicode standard, a plane is a continuous group of 65,536 (216) code points. There are 17 planes, identified by the numbers 0 to 16, which corresponds with the possible values 00–1016 of the first two positions in six position hexadecimal format (U+hhhhhh). Plane 0 is the Basic Multilingual Plane (BMP), which contains most commonly used characters. The higher planes 1 through 16 are called "supplementary planes". The last code point in Unicode is the last code point in plane 16, U+10FFFF. As of Unicode version 15.0, five of the planes have assigned code points (characters), and seven are named.
The Unicode Standard assigns various properties to each Unicode character and code point.
Telugu is a Unicode block containing characters for the Telugu, Gondi, and Lambadi languages of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh, India. In its original incarnation, the code points U+0C01..U+0C4D were a direct copy of the Telugu characters A1-ED from the 1988 ISCII standard. The Devanagari, Bengali, Gurmukhi, Gujarati, Oriya, Tamil, Kannada, and Malayalam blocks were similarly all based on their ISCII encodings.
CJK Unified Ideographs is a Unicode block containing the most common CJK ideographs used in modern Chinese, Japanese, Korean and Vietnamese characters. When compared with other blocks containing CJK Unified Ideographs, it is also referred to as the Unified Repertoire and Ordering (URO).
Kana Supplement is a Unicode block containing one archaic katakana character and 255 hentaigana characters. Additional hentaigana characters are encoded in the Kana Extended-A block.
Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms is the name of a Unicode block U+FF00–FFEF, provided so that older encodings containing both halfwidth and fullwidth characters can have lossless translation to/from Unicode. It is the second-to-last block of the Basic Multilingual Plane, followed only by the short Specials block at U+FFF0–FFFF. Its block name in Unicode 1.0 was Halfwidth and Fullwidth Variants.
Gondi has typically been written in Devanagari script or Telugu script, but native scripts are in existence. A Gond by the name of Munshi Mangal Singh Masaram designed a Brahmi-based script in 1918, and in 2006, a native script that dates up to 1750 has been discovered by a group of researchers from the University of Hyderabad.
The Gunjala Gondi lipi or Gunjala Gondi script is a script used to write the Gondi language, a Dravidian language spoken by the Gond people of northern Telangana, eastern Maharashtra, southeastern Madhya Pradesh, and Chhattisgarh. Approximately a dozen manuscripts in the script were recovered from Gunjala, a Gond village in Adilabad district of Telangana, by a team of researchers from the University of Hyderabad, led by Professor Jayadheer Tirumala Rao. The script and preliminary font were unveiled in early 2014.
CJK Unified Ideographs Extension F is a Unicode block containing rare and historic CJK ideographs for Chinese, Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese, as well as more than a thousand Sawndip characters for writing the Zhuang language.
Soyombo is a Unicode block containing characters from the Soyombo alphabet, which is an abugida developed by the monk and scholar Zanabazar (1635–1723) in 1686 to write Mongolian. It can also be used to write Tibetan and Sanskrit. In addition, this block includes the Soyombo symbol on the flag of Mongolia.
Zanabazar Square is a Unicode block containing characters from the Zanabazar Square script, which is an abugida developed by the monk and scholar Zanabazar (1635–1723) to write Mongolian, Tibetan and Sanskrit.
Nushu is a Unicode block containing characters from the Nüshu script, which is a syllabary derived from Chinese characters that was used exclusively among women in Jiangyong County in Hunan province of southern China.
Kana Extended-A is a Unicode block containing hentaigana and historic kana characters. Additional hentaigana characters are encoded in the Kana Supplement block.
Syriac Supplement is a Unicode block containing supplementary Syriac letters used for writing the Suriyani Malayalam dialect.
Gunjala Gondi is a Unicode block containing characters of Gunjala Gondi script used for writing the Adilabad dialect of the Gondi language.
References
- ↑ "Unicode character database". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2017-06-20.
- ↑ "Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2017-06-20.