Massachusetts Appeals Court

The Appeals Court is located in the John Adams Courthouse

The Massachusetts Appeals Court is the intermediate appellate court of Massachusetts. ^[1] It was created in 1972 ^[2] as a court of general appellate jurisdiction. ^[3] The court is located at the John Adams Courthouse at Pemberton Square in Boston, ^[4] the same building which houses the Supreme Judicial Court and the Social Law Library. ^[5]

Jurisdiction

The Appeals Court hears most appeals from the seven court departments of the Massachusetts Trial Court, including the Superior, District, Probate and Family, Juvenile, Land, Housing, and Boston Municipal Court departments. ^{[6] [7]} The Appeals Court also hears appeals from final decisions of certain Massachusetts administrative agencies, including the Department of Industrial Accidents, the Appellate Tax Board, and the Commonwealth Employment Relations Board. ^[8]

Some types of appeals are not heard before the Appeals Court. For example, an appeal from a conviction of first degree murder goes directly to the Supreme Judicial Court. ^[9] The Supreme Judicial Court can also elect to bypass review by the Appeals Court and hear a case on "direct appellate review." ^{[10] [11]} In the District Court Department, appeals in certain civil cases are made first to the Appellate Division of the District Court before being eligible for appeal to the Appeals Court. ^[12] After a decision by the Appeals Court, a party may seek "further appellate review" by requesting review by the Supreme Judicial Court. ^[13]

Proceedings

The Appeals Court usually hears cases in three-judge panels, which rotate so that every judge has an opportunity to sit with every other judge. ^[14] In addition to its panel sittings, the Appeals Court runs a continuous "single justice" session, with a separate docket. The single justice may review interlocutory orders and orders for injunctive relief issued by certain Trial Court departments, as well as requests for review of summary process appeal bonds, certain attorney's fee awards, motions for stays (postponement) of civil proceedings or criminal sentences pending appeal, and motions to review impoundment orders. Each associate justice sits as single justice for a month at a time. ^[15] Appeals are heard from September through July at the John Adams Courthouse as well as at special sessions held at various locations such as law schools throughout Massachusetts. ^[16]

Justices

Twenty-five justices sit on the Appeals Court: one chief justice and twenty-four associate justices. The current chief justice of the Appeals Court is Mark V. Green. ^[17]

If a Massachusetts appellate justice (that is, a justice of either the Appeals Court or of the Supreme Judicial Court) attains age 70 and retires, that justice may be recalled to active service on the Appeals Court as needed. Currently, no recall justices are serving. ^{[18] [19]}

The court's current members, listed by seniority, are as follows: ^[20]

Justice	Appointed	Appointed by	Law school
Mark V. Green, Chief Justice	2001 [lower-alpha 1]	Charlie Baker (R) [lower-alpha 2]	Harvard
Ariane D. Vuono	2006	Mitt Romney (R)	Connecticut
William J. Meade	2006	Mitt Romney (R)	Western New England
Peter J. Rubin	2008	Deval Patrick (D)	Harvard
James R. Milkey	2009	Deval Patrick (D)	Harvard
Amy Lyn Blake	2014	Deval Patrick (D)	New England
Gregory I. Massing	2014	Deval Patrick (D)	Virginia
Eric Neyman	2015	Charlie Baker (R)	Boston University
Vickie L. Henry	2015	Charlie Baker (R)	Boston University
Kenneth V. Desmond Jr.	2016	Charlie Baker (R)	Boston College
Peter W. Sacks	2016	Charlie Baker (R)	Harvard
Sookyoung Shin	2016	Charlie Baker (R)	Harvard
Joseph M. Ditkoff	2017	Charlie Baker (R)	Harvard
Sabita Singh	2017	Charlie Baker (R)	Boston University
John C. Englander	2017	Charlie Baker (R)	Boston University
Kathryn E. Hand	2019	Charlie Baker (R)	Boston College
Marguerite T. Grant	2020	Charlie Baker (R)	Stanford
Maureen E. Walsh	2021	Charlie Baker (R)	Western New England
Rachel E. Hershfang	2021	Charlie Baker (R)	Yale
Robert A. Brennan	2022	Charlie Baker (R)	Boston University
Andrew M. D'Angelo	2022	Charlie Baker (R)	Suffolk
Paul Hart Smyth	2022	Charlie Baker (R)	Virginia
Christopher P. Hodgens	2022	Charlie Baker (R)	New England
Robert Toone	2023	Maura Healey (D)	Yale
Vacant

1. Appointed as Chief Justice on December 6, 2017.
2. Originally appointed by Acting Governor Jane Swift (R) as an Associate Justice. Subsequently appointed by Governor Charlie Baker (R) as Chief Justice.

Vacancy and pending nomination

Seat	Seat last held by	Vacancy reason	Date of vacancy	Nominee	Date of nomination
—	Gabrielle Wolohojian	Elevation to Massachusetts Supreme Court	April 22, 2024	–	–

Former justices:

• Peter W. Agnes, Jr., associate justice, 2011–2020 ^[21]
• Christopher J. Armstrong, associate justice, 1972–2000, chief justice, 2000–2006, recall justice, 2006–2008. One of the original six justices of the court, fourth Chief Justice and the longest serving of the original members. ^{[22] [23]}
• Susan S. Beck, associate justice, 1997–2006. One of the most scholarly members of the court, came to the court after a lengthy career in public service, was so dedicated to her work that she was known to sleep on the couch in her chambers and was dedicated to fostering collegiality and joy among her colleagues. ^{[24] [25] [26] [27] [28]}
• Janis M. Berry, associate justice, 2001–2016. ^[29]
• Frederick L. Brown, associate justice, 1976–2003, recall justice, 2003–2015. First African-American appointed to an appellate court in Massachusetts, served nearly 40 years on the Appeals Court. ^{[30] [31]}
• Judd J. Carhart, associate justice, 2010–2017. ^[32]
• Cynthia J. Cohen, associate justice, 2001–2017 ^[33]
• William I. Cowin, associate justice, 2001–2008. ^[34]
• R. Ammi Cutter, recall justice, 1980–1990. At the age of 78, Justice Cutter was recalled to the Appeals Court after sixteen years on the SJC. Renowned and influential jurist. ^{[24] [22]}
• Elspeth B. Cypher, associate justice, 2001–2017. Elevated to the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts.
• Gordon Doerfer, associate justice, 2001–2007. ^[35]
• Raya Dreben, associate justice, 1979–1997, recall justice, 1997–2011 Second woman appointed to the court. was a mentor to 11 justices on Appeals Court ^[36]
• Francis R. Fecteau, associate justice, 2008–2015. ^[37]
• Edith W. Fine, associate justice, 1984–1995. Third woman appointed to the court after Charlotte Peretta and Raya Dreben. Served in a wide variety of positions before coming to the court, ranging from SJC Law Clerk to ACLU-Maryland Staff Attorney to Assistant Corporation Counsel in Boston. In addition to her jurisprudence, steered reformation of the judicial process in the Commonwealth. ^{[22] [24]}
• J. Harold Flannery, associate justice, 1995–1998 ^[38]
• Andre Gelinas, associate justice, 1999–2008. ^[39]
• Gerald Gillerman, associate justice, 1990–1994, recall justice, 1994–2002. Purple Heart Winner who became a lawyer after having a severely damaged leg, worked to make law comprehensible to all. ^{[40] [41]}
• Reuben Goodman, 1972–1982. One of the original six appointees in 1972, formerly served as the chief appellate public defender in the Commonwealth and was a special advisor to ACLU founder Roger Baldwin in Korea. ^{[22] [24]}
• Malcolm Graham, associate justice, 2004–2015. ^[42]
• Andrew R. Grainger, associate justice, 2006–2017. ^[43]
• Donald Grant, associate justice, 1972–1988. One of the original six appointees in 1972, came to the court as an Appellate expert, and, in addition to outstanding jurisprudential contributions, innovated internal procedures that helped establish the court in its own right. ^{[22] [24]}
• Joseph Grasso, associate justice, 2001–2015 ^[44]
• John Greaney, associate justice, 1978–1984, chief justice, 1984–1989. Second Chief Justice of the Appeals Court after Allan Hale. ^[22]
• Mel Greenberg, associate justice, 1990–2007. Worcester native, former legal director of the Civil Liberties Union of Massachusetts, served on the District and Superior Courts, now an appellate advocate. ^{[45] [46]}
• Allan M. Hale, chief justice, 1972–1984, recall justice, 1984. First Chief Justice of the court. ^[47]
• Sydney Hanlon, associate justice, 2009–2020 ^[48]
• George Jacobs, associate justice, 1989–2003. ^[49]
• Scott L. Kafker, associate justice, 2001–2015, chief justice, 2015–2017. Elevated to Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts.
• R. Marc Kantrowitz, associate justice, 2001–2015. ^[50]
• Benjamin Kaplan, recall justice, 1983–1991, 1993–2005. Worked on United States v. One Book Called Ulysses, served as a Nuremberg prosecutor, professor at Harvard Law (and authority on civil procedure), justice of the Supreme Judicial Court, and, subsequently, a long-serving recall justice on the Appeals Court. ^[24]
• Rudolph Kass, associate justice, 1979–2000, recall justice, 2000–2003. One of the most prolific, soundest and most colorful writers on the court and is still active as a mediator. ^{[51] [52] [53] [54]}
• Gary Stephen Katzmann, associate justice, 2004–2016.  Served on the Appeals Court until his appointment as a judge on the United States Court of International Trade. ^[55]
• Edmund Kelville, associate justice, 1972–1979. One of the original six appointees along with Allan Hale, David Rose, Reuben Goodman, Donald Grant, and Christopher Armstrong. ^[56]
• C. Jeffrey Kinder, associate justice, 2015–2022. ^{[57] [58]}
• Kenneth Laurence, associate justice, 1990–2007. ^[59]
• James R. Lemire, associate justice, 2016–2022. ^{[60] [61]}
• John Mason, associate justice, 2001–2004. ^[62]
• Edward J. McDonough, associate justice, 2017–2020 ^[63]
• James F. McHugh, associate justice, 2001–2012. ^[64]
• David A. Mills, associate justice, 2001–2012. ^[65]
• Joseph R. Nolan, associate justice, 1980–1981. ^{[66] [67] [68] [69]}
• Charlotte Anne Perretta, associate justice, 1978–2009. First woman appointed to the Appeals Court, served as senior associate justice from 2003 to 2009. ^[22]
• Elizabeth Porada, associate justice, 1990–2003, recall justice 2003–2004. ^[70]
• Francis J. Quirico, recall justice, 1986–1987. After 13 years as a trial judge and 12 on the SJC, Justice Quirico sat on recall with the Appeals Court from 1986 to 1987. Justice Quirico also was still a recall judge in the Superior Court until approximately 1990. ^{[71] [72] [73] [74] [75]}
• Phillip Rapoza, associate justice, 1998–2006, chief justice, 2006–2015. ^[76]
• David A. Rose, associate justice, 1972–1976, recall justice, 1978–1985. ^[77]
• Mitchell J. Sikora, Jr. associate justice, 2006–2014 ^[78]
• Kent B. Smith, associate justice, 1981–1997, recall justice, 1997–2012. First attorney appointed to serve indigent criminal defendants in Western Massachusetts, authored the authoritative treatise on criminal practice and procedure in the Commonwealth. Still was serving actively on recall at the time of his death. ^{[22] [79]}
• Mary Thomas Sullivan, associate justice, 2011-2023. ^[80]
• Joseph A. Trainor, associate justice, 2001–2018 ^{[81] [82]}
• Dalila Argaez Wendlandt, associate justice, 2017–2020, elevated to the Supreme Judicial Court in 2020. ^[83]
• Gabrielle Wolohojian, associate justice 2008–2024, elevated to the Supreme Judicial Court in 2024. ^[84]

The following justices have been elevated from the Appeals Court to the Supreme Judicial Court

• Justice Elspeth B. Cypher, associate justice, 2001–2017, elevated to the Supreme Judicial Court in 2017. ^[85]
• Justice Fernande R.V. Duffly, associate justice, 2000–2011, elevated to the Supreme Judicial Court in 2011. ^[86]
• Chief Justice John M. Greaney, associate justice, 1978–1984, chief justice, 1984–1989, elevated to the Supreme Judicial Court in 1989. ^[87]
• Justice Geraldine S. Hines, associate justice, 2013–2014, elevated to the Supreme Judicial Court in 2014. ^[88]
• Justice Roderick Ireland, associate justice, 1990–1997, elevated to the Supreme Judicial Court in 1997, later elevated to Chief Justice of the SJC in 2010. ^[89]
• Chief Justice Scott Kafker, associate justice, 2001–2015, chief justice, 2015–2017, elevated to the Supreme Judicial Court in 2017. ^[90]
• Justice Barbara Lenk, associate justice, 1995–2011, elevated to the Supreme Judicial Court in 2011. ^[91]
• Justice Joseph R. Nolan, associate justice, 1980–1981, elevated to the Supreme Judicial Court in 1981. ^[66]
• Justice Francis X. Spina, associate justice, 1997–1999, elevated to the Supreme Judicial Court in 1999. ^[92]
• Justice Dalila Argaez Wendlandt, associate justice, 2017–2020, elevated to the Supreme Judicial Court in 2020. ^[93]
• Justice Gabrielle Wolohojian, associate justice 2008–2024, elevated to the Supreme Judicial Court in 2024. ^[84]

References

1. "Appeals Court". Mass.gov. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
2. "Appeals Court History". Mass.gov. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
3. "General Information About the Appeals Court". Mass.gov. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
4. "Appeals Court History". Mass.gov. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
5. "John Adams Courthouse". Mass.gov. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
6. "Appeals Court". Mass.gov. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
7. "Executive Office of the Trial Court". Mass.gov. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
8. "Appeals Court". Mass.gov. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
9. "General Information About the Appeals Court". Mass.gov. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
10. "General Information About the Appeals Court". Mass.gov. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
11. "Clerk's guide to filing cases in the Supreme Judicial Court". Mass.gov. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
12. "General Information About the Appeals Court". Mass.gov. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
13. "Further Appellate Review". Mass.gov. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
14. "General Information About the Appeals Court". Mass.gov. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
15. "General Information About the Appeals Court". Mass.gov. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
16. "General Information About the Appeals Court". Mass.gov. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
17. "Chief Justice Mark V. Green". Mass.gov. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
18. "Section 24". www.malegislature.gov.
19. "Section 16". www.malegislature.gov.
20. "Appeals Court Justices". Mass.gov. Retrieved June 10, 2024.
21. "Associate Justice Peter W. Agnes, Jr". Mass.gov. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
22. "Massachusetts Court System". Mass.gov.
23. "Legal challenges come from all directions".
24. "Opinion Portal". Mass.gov.
25. "Associate Justice Susan S. Beck". Mass.gov.
26. "Susan S. Beck". Mass.gov.
27. McCabe, Kathy (March 8, 2009). "Susan Beck, political activist became Appeals Court judge". Boston.com– via The Boston Globe.
28. "Susan Beck Obituary – Boston, MA | Boston Globe". Legacy.com .
29. "Associate Justice Janis M. Berry". Mass.gov.
30. "Associate Justice Frederick L. Brown". Mass.gov.
31. "Long Road-Frederick L. Brown". www.masshist.org.
32. "Associate Justice Judd J. Carhart". Mass.gov.
33. "Associate Justice Cynthia J. Cohen". Mass.gov.
34. "Associate Justice William I. Cowin". Mass.gov.
35. "Associate Justice Gordon L. Doerfer". Mass.gov.
36. "Associate Justice Raya S. Dreben". Mass.gov.
37. "Associate Justice Francis R. Fecteau". Mass.gov.
38. "Associate Justice J. Harold Flannery". Mass.gov.
39. "Associate Justice Andre A. Gelinas". Mass.gov.
40. Marquard, Bryan (November 23, 2011). "Gerald Gillerman, 86, judge known for concise decisions" – via The Boston Globe.
41. "Gerald GILLERMAN's Obituary on Boston Globe". Boston Globe.
42. "Associate Justice R. Malcolm Graham". Mass.gov.
43. "Associate Justice Andrew R. Grainger". Mass.gov.
44. "Associate Justice Joseph A. Grasso, Jr". Mass.gov.
45. "Associate Justice Mel L. Greenberg". Mass.gov.
46. "Attorneys – Seder & Chandler, LLP – Massachusetts". Seder & Chandler, LLP.
47. sjc (October 31, 2013). "Allan M. Hale". Court System.
48. "Associate Justice Sydney Hanlon". Mass.gov. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
49. "Associate Justice George Jacobs". Mass.gov.
50. "Associate Justice R. Marc Kantrowitz". Mass.gov.
51. "Associate Justice Rudolph Kass". Mass.gov.
52. "ALLEN vs. BATCHELDER, 17 Mass. App. Ct. 453". masscases.com.
53. "Rudolph Kass".
54. "REBA: Professional Profile: The Hon. Rudolph Kass (Ret.)". Archived from the original on December 8, 2015. Retrieved December 4, 2015.
55. "Associate Justice Gary S. Katzmann". Mass.gov. Retrieved January 13, 2020.
56. "Associate Justice Edmund V. Keville". Mass.gov.
57. https://www.mass.gov/service-details/associate-justice-c-jeffrey-kinder ^{[ bare URL ]}
58. "Associate Justice C. Jeffrey Kinder". Mass.gov.
59. "Associate Justice Kenneth Laurence". Mass.gov.
60. https://www.mass.gov/service-details/associate-justice-james-lemire ^{[ bare URL ]}
61. "Associate Justice James Lemire". Mass.gov. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
62. "Associate Justice John H. Mason". Mass.gov.
63. "Associate Justice Edward McDonough". Mass.gov.
64. "Associate Justice James F. McHugh, III". Mass.gov.
65. "Associate Justice David A. Mills". Mass.gov.
66. "Associate Justice Joseph R. Nolan". Mass.gov.
67. "Obituary: Joseph R. Nolan". Belmont, MA Patch. April 27, 2013.
68. "Joseph R. Nolan". Mass.gov.
69. "Joseph Nolan; SJC justice known as social conservative – The Boston Globe". BostonGlobe.com.
70. "Associate Justice Elizabeth Porada". Mass.gov.
71. "Francis J. Quirico". Mass.gov.
72. "Recall Justice Francis J. Quirico". Mass.gov.
73. "OLSON, COMMONWEALTH vs., 24 Mass. App. Ct. 539". masscases.com.
74. "POND, COMMONWEALTH vs., 24 Mass. App. Ct. 546". masscases.com.
75. "PORRAZZO, COMMONWEALTH vs., 25 Mass. App. Ct. 169". masscases.com.
76. "Chief Justice Phillip Rapoza". Mass.gov.
77. "Associate Justice David A. Rose". Mass.gov.
78. "Associate Justice Mitchell J. Sikora, Jr". Mass.gov.
79. "Retired Massachusettts Appeals Court Judge Kent Smith of Longmeadow dies at age 85". November 2012.
80. https://www.mass.gov/info-details/associate-justice-mary-thomas-sullivan ^{[ bare URL ]}
81. "Associate Justice Joseph A. Trainor". Mass.gov.
82. "Future 2018 and 2019 retirements". Mass.gov.
83. "Associate Justice Dalila Wendlandt". Mass.gov.
84. "Associate Justice Gabrielle R. Wolohojian". Mass.gov. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
85. "Associate Justice Elspeth B. Cypher". Mass.gov.
86. "Associate Justice Fernande R.V. Duffly". Mass.gov.
87. "Chief Justice John M. Greaney". Mass.gov.
88. "Associate Justice Geraldine S. Hines". Mass.gov.
89. "Associate Justice Roderick L. Ireland". Mass.gov.
90. "Chief Justice Scott L. Kafker". Mass.gov.
91. "Associate Justice Barbara A. Lenk". Mass.gov.
92. "Associate Justice Francis X. Spina". Mass.gov.
93. "Associate Justice Dalila Wendlandt". Mass.gov.

External links

• Official website

42°21′34″N71°03′40″W / 42.359343°N 71.061160°W / 42.359343; -71.061160