Melba Joyce Boyd (born April 2, 1950) is a significant figure in African-American poetry. [1] She has authored 13 books and is a Distinguished University Professor and Chair of the Department of Africana Studies at Wayne State University. [2]
Boyd completed bachelor's and master's degrees in English from Western Michigan University . During the 1970s and early 1980s, she taught English at Cass Technical High School in Detroit and at Wayne County Community College. [3] She earned a Doctor of Arts in English from the University of Michigan in 1979. Boyd was a Fulbright Scholar in Germany from 1983 to 1984. [2] She has held academic appointments at the University of Iowa, Ohio State University, the University of Michigan–Flint and Wayne State University. [3]
Boyd is a former editor at Broadside Press, which was once the best-known American publisher of African-American literature. Some of her work has focused on the life of Dudley Randall, Broadside's founder. [4] She was the recipient of the 2005 Black Caucus of the American Library Association Book Honor for Nonfiction for her book Wrestling with the Muse: Dudley Randall and the Broadside Press. [5] She has written, produced and directed the documentary film The Black Unicorn: Dudley Randall and the Broadside Press. [6]
Eight of her books are collections of poetry and she has won numerous awards for her poetry, one of which was a Michigan Council for the Arts Individual Artist Award. In 1997 Boyd wrote the official poem for the Charles H. Wright Museum of African American History, which is inscribed on the Museum wall. [7] Boyd's poetry is often characterized by sharp, fragmented phrasing. Common themes include urban life and the divides created by class and race. [1]
Gwendolyn Elizabeth Brooks was an American poet, author, and teacher. Her work often dealt with the personal celebrations and struggles of ordinary people in her community. She won the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry on May 1, 1950, for Annie Allen, making her the first African American to receive a Pulitzer Prize.
Dudley Randall was an African-American poet and poetry publisher from Detroit, Michigan. He founded a pioneering publishing company called Broadside Press in 1965, which published many leading African-American writers, among them Melvin Tolson, Sonia Sanchez, Audre Lorde, Gwendolyn Brooks, Etheridge Knight, Margaret Walker, and others.
Etheridge Knight was an African-American poet who made his name in 1968 with his debut volume, Poems from Prison. The book recalls in verse his eight-year-long sentence after his arrest for robbery in 1960. By the time he left prison, Knight had prepared a second volume featuring his own writings and works of his fellow inmates. This second book, first published in Italy under the title Voce negre dal carcere, appeared in English in 1970 as Black Voices from Prison. These works established Knight as one of the major poets of the Black Arts Movement, which flourished from the early 1960s through the mid-1970s. With roots in the Civil Rights Movement, Malcolm X and the Nation of Islam, and the Black Power Movement, Etheridge Knight and other American artists within the movement sought to create politically engaged work that explored the African-American cultural and historical experience.
The Charles H. Wright Museum of African American History, or The Wright, is located in Detroit, Michigan in the U.S.; inside the city's Midtown Cultural Center is one of the world's oldest independent African American museums.
Haki R. Madhubuti is an African-American author, educator, and poet, as well as a publisher and operator of black-themed bookstore. He is particularly recognized in connection with the founding in 1967 of Third World Press, considered the oldest independent black publishing house in the United States.
Naomi Long Madgett was an American poet and publisher. Originally a teacher, she later found fame with her award-winning poems and was also the founder and senior editor of Lotus Press, established in 1972, a publisher of poetry books by black poets. Known as "the godmother of African-American poetry", she was the Detroit poet laureate since 2001.
Sonia Sanchez is an American poet, writer, and professor. She was a leading figure in the Black Arts Movement and has written over a dozen books of poetry, as well as short stories, critical essays, plays, and children's books. In the 1960s, Sanchez released poems in periodicals targeted towards African-American audiences, and published her debut collection, Homecoming, in 1969. In 1993, she received Pew Fellowship in the Arts, and in 2001 was awarded the Robert Frost Medal for her contributions to the canon of American poetry. She has been influential to other African-American poets, including Krista Franklin.
While African-American book publishers have been active in the United States since the second decade of the 19th century, the 1960s and 1970s saw a proliferation of publishing activity, with the establishment of many new publishing houses, an increase in the number of titles published, and significant growth in the number of African-American bookstores. African-American commercial book publishers released a total of 154 titles in the period 1970–74, a dramatic rise from the previous high of 21 titles published during the five-year spans of 1935–39 and 1940–44. Institutional and religious publishers also increased their title output, rising from 51 titles in the years 1960–64 to 240 titles in 1970–74. Concomitantly, there was a widening in the scope of publishing objectives on the part of African-American book publishers, who began to release titles that not only advanced their particular ideologies but dealt with topics unrelated to Black Americana or Africana. Such diversity is emblematic of the increasingly important role in American culture and society of African-American book publishers.
Toi Derricotte is an American poet. She is the author of six poetry collections and a literary memoir. She has won numerous literary awards, including the 2020 Frost Medal for distinguished lifetime achievement in poetry awarded by the Poetry Society of America, and the 2021 Wallace Stevens Award, sponsored by the Academy of American Poets. From 2012–2017, Derricotte served as a Chancellor of the Academy of American Poets. She is currently a professor emerita in writing at the University of Pittsburgh.
Frank Marshall Davis was an American journalist, poet, political and labor movement activist, and businessman.
Anthony Butts is an American poet.
Hoyt W. Fuller was an American editor, educator, critic, and author during the Black Arts Movement. Fuller created the Organization of Black American Culture in Chicago. In addition, he taught creative writing and African-American literature at Columbia College Chicago, Northwestern University, and Cornell University.
Margaret Danner (1915–1984) was an American poet, editor and cultural activist known for her poetic imagery and her celebration of African heritage and cultural forms.
Caroline C. Maun is a professor, author, poet, lyricist, and musician. She teaches creative writing in the English Department at Wayne State University in Detroit, Michigan. Other areas of research include modernism, American Literature, African-American literature, and Internet Writing.
Rosey E. Pool was a Dutch poet and anthologist of African-American poetry.
Oliver LaGrone was an African-American sculptor, poet, educator, and humanitarian. In 1974 a post-secondary scholarship was created in his name, enlarged and refocused in 1991 for graduates of the public high school of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
Broadside Lotus Press is an independent press that was created as a result of the merging of Broadside Press, founded by Dudley Randall in 1965, in Detroit, and Naomi Long Madgett's Lotus Press, founded in Detroit in 1972. At the time of the merger they were among the oldest black-owned presses in the United States. On March 31, 2015, it was announced that Lotus Press would be merging with Broadside Press, forming the new Broadside Lotus Press.
LeRoy Foster (1925–1993) was an American painter from Detroit, Michigan. He is best known for the large murals he painted on the walls of Detroit institutions, such as “The Life & Times of Frederick Douglass,” at the Detroit Public Library’s Frederick Douglass Branch, and “Renaissance City,” at Cass Technical High School. He also painted portraits of prominent figures like singer and civil rights activist Paul Robeson.
Ann Margaret (Stroman) Mikolowski was a twentieth-century American contemporary artist. She was a painter of portrait miniatures and waterscapes, as well as a printmaker and illustrator of printed matter. Mikolowski was part of Detroit's Cass Corridor artist movement and co-founder of The Alternative Press.
Leaonead Justine Pack Drain-Bailey was an American librarian and educator, the former Head of Library at West Virginia State University from 1949 through 1956. The Drain-Jordan Library which opened in 1951 and which she helped plan, is named in honor of her and Lawrence Victor Jordan.