Mesaoud

Last updated
Mesaoud
Mesaoud.jpg
Mesaoud at Crabbet Park
Breed Arabian
SireAziz
GrandsireHarkan
DamYamamah III
Maternal grandsireShueyman
Sex Stallion
Foaled1887
CountryEgypt
Color Chestnut
Breeder Ali Pasha Sherif
Owner Crabbet Arabian Stud:
Wilfred Scawen Blunt
Lady Anne Blunt
Last updated on: January 21, 2008.

Mesaoud, an Arabian stallion, foaled 1887, was one of the foundation sires of the Crabbet Arabian Stud in England. Bred in Egypt by Ali Pasha Sherif, he was imported to England by Wilfred and Lady Anne Blunt in 1891. [1] He is recognized as an Al Khamsa Arabian, with verifiable lineage tracing to the Bedouin of the desert. [2]

Arabian horse Horse breed originating in the Middle East

The Arabian or Arab horse is a breed of horse that originated on the Arabian Peninsula. With a distinctive head shape and high tail carriage, the Arabian is one of the most easily recognizable horse breeds in the world. It is also one of the oldest breeds, with archaeological evidence of horses in the Middle East that resemble modern Arabians dating back 4,500 years. Throughout history, Arabian horses have spread around the world by both war and trade, used to improve other breeds by adding speed, refinement, endurance, and strong bone. Today, Arabian bloodlines are found in almost every modern breed of riding horse.

Crabbet Arabian Stud

The Crabbet Arabian Stud, also known as the Crabbet Park Stud, was a horse breeding farm established on 2 July 1878 when the first Arabian horses brought to England by Wilfrid Scawen Blunt and Lady Anne Blunt arrived at Crabbet Park, their estate in Sussex. Six months earlier, while staying in Aleppo, Wilfrid and Lady Anne had made a plan to import some of the best Arabian horses to England and breed them there. In Lady Anne's words, "it would be an interesting and useful thing to do and I should like much to try it."

England Country in north-west Europe, part of the United Kingdom

England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to the west and Scotland to the north. The Irish Sea lies west of England and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. England is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south. The country covers five-eighths of the island of Great Britain, which lies in the North Atlantic, and includes over 100 smaller islands, such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight.

Contents

He was a chestnut stallion with brilliant white markings, noted for his correct conformation, good Arabian type and powerful build. [3] His markings included a blaze, three full stockings with a right front partial stocking, and slight roaning to the body with scattered white spots on the body and on the head under the chin and jowl. [4] The body white suggests that he had sabino genetics, and he is thought to be a primary source for that coloration when it appears in Arabians today.

Horse markings Colored areas, usually white, on a horse that differ from the body color

Markings on horses are usually distinctive white areas on an otherwise dark base coat color. Most horses have some markings, and they help to identify the horse as a unique individual. Markings are present at birth and do not change over the course of the horse's life. Most markings have pink skin underneath most of the white hairs, though a few faint markings may occasionally have white hair with no underlying pink skin. Markings may appear to change slightly when a horse grows or sheds its winter coat, however this difference is simply a factor of hair coat length; the underlying pattern does not change.

Sabino horse color pattern in horses

Sabino is a group of white spotting patterns in horses that affect the skin and hair. A wide variety of irregular color patterns are accepted as sabino. In the strictest sense, "sabino" refers to the white patterns produced by the Sabino 1 (SB1) gene, for which there is a DNA test. However, other horse enthusiasts also refer to patterns that are visually similar to SB1 as "sabino", even if testing indicates the gene is not present. Use of the term to describe non-SB1 "sabino" patterns in breeds that apparently do not carry the gene is hotly debated by both researchers and horse breeders.

Background

The Blunts purchased Mesaoud in protracted negotiations with the aging Ali Pasha Sherif during 1888–1889. [5] [6] They finally completed the purchase of him as a two-year-old, along with the stallion Merzuk and the mare Khatila. In the two-year period before being shipped to England, he ran in the Cairo Eclipse Stakes at Ghezireh, which covered a distance of over a mile and a half. Victim of a bad start, he finished seventh out of ten horses. [4]

Ali Pasha Sherif Foreign Minister of Egypt

Ali Pasha Mohamed Sherif was an Egyptian government official and a renowned breeder of Arabian horses during the late 19th century.

In England, Mesaoud was used both as a riding horse and as a sire, with over 100 known purebred Arabian offspring recorded. [7] He was also shown in 1896, 1897, and 1898 at the Crystal Palace Horse Show, taking first place each time. [4] He was exhibited at the World Exhibition in Paris in 1900, alongside Arabians from around Europe. [8]

Exposition Universelle (1900) Worlds Fair held in Paris, France

The Exposition Universelle of 1900, better known in English as the 1900 Paris Exposition, was a world's fair held in Paris, France, from 14 April to 12 November 1900, to celebrate the achievements of the past century and to accelerate development into the next. The fair, visited by nearly 50 million, displayed many technological innovations, including the Grande Roue de Paris Ferris wheel, the moving sidewalk, diesel engines, talking films, escalators, and the telegraphone. It also brought international attention to the Art Nouveau style. Major structures remaining from the Exposition include the Grand Palais, the Petit Palais, the Pont Alexandre III, the Gare d'Orsay railroad station (now the Musée D'Orsay and two of original entrances of Paris Metro stations by Hector Guimard.

Legacy

Astraled, the most famous son of Mesaoud, who was exported to the United States Astraled.jpg
Astraled, the most famous son of Mesaoud, who was exported to the United States

Over time, his bloodline became a part of nearly every breedable mare at Crabbet, and thus he could not be used at the stud without the risk of inbreeding. [5] Therefore, Mesaoud was eventually sold to Wladislas Kliniewski for 240 guineas in July 1903, and shortly thereafter was exported to Russia by Count Sergei Aleksandrovich Stroganov, [9] [10] where he lived for the remainder of his life [4] at the site of the present day Tersk Stud. Mesaoud's exact fate is unknown, but it is believed that none of the Stroganov horses survived the Russian Revolution. [11]

Inbreeding Production of offspring from the mating of individuals of a breed who are more closely related than the average members of the breed.

Inbreeding is the production of offspring from the mating or breeding of individuals or organisms that are closely related genetically. By analogy, the term is used in human reproduction, but more commonly refers to the genetic disorders and other consequences that may arise from expression of deleterious or recessive traits resulting from incestuous sexual relationships and consanguinity.

Russia transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and Northern Asia

Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia. At 17,125,200 square kilometres (6,612,100 sq mi), it is, by a considerable margin, the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with about 146.79 million people as of 2019, including Crimea. About 77% of the population live in the western, European part of the country. Russia's capital, Moscow, is one of the largest cities in the world and the largest city in Europe; other major cities include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a wide range of environments and landforms. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland, Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait. However, Russia recognises two more countries that border it, Abkhazia and South Ossetia, both of which are internationally recognized as parts of Georgia.

The Tersk Stud was officially established on February 11, 1921, on the orders of Marshal Semyon Budyonny. The breeding farm was used to restore the Russian horse population, which suffered heavy losses during the Russian Revolution.

One of his most famous sons was Astraled, who sired a number of foals in England before being imported to the United States by Lothrop Ames of Massachusetts in 1909. Astraled was used in Oregon as a Remount sire for crossbred working horses. Astraled then went to live with W.R. Brown in 1923, where he sired his last foal crop, which included his best-known son, Gulastra.

United States Federal republic in North America

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States or simply America, is a country comprising 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions. At 3.8 million square miles, it is the world's third or fourth largest country by total area and is slightly smaller than the entire continent of Europe. Most of the country is located in central North America between Canada and Mexico. With an estimated population of over 327 million people, the U.S. is the third most populous country. The capital is Washington, D.C., and the most populous city is New York City.

William Robinson Brown American corporate officer of the Brown Company of Berlin, New Hampshire

William Robinson "W. R. " Brown was an American corporate officer of the Brown Company of Berlin, New Hampshire. He was also an influential Arabian horse breeder, the founder and owner of the Maynesboro Stud, and an authority on Arabian horses.

One of Mesaoud's descendants, the mare Rissalma, was imported by the Tersk Stud of the former Soviet Union in 1936 and produced the famous Russian-bred stallion Priboj. His grandson, the Astraled son Sotamm, was sold to Egypt, thus returning the Mesaoud bloodline to its nation of origin. Sotamm's great-grandson Nazeer is one of the most famous horses in the "Egyptian" line of pedigrees. [3] Nazeer's son Aswan was exported from Egypt to Tersk in 1963, thus reintroducing the bloodlines of Mesaoud to Russia from yet another source.

Mesaoud's descendants are found worldwide and he appears in the pedigree of over 90% of all Arabian horses in the world today. [12]

Pedigree

Pedigree of Mesaoud, chestnut stallion, 1887
Sire
Aziz
Ch. 1881		HarkanZobeyniBarq
Sununah
Harkadesertbred
desertbred
AzizaSamhan IAl Qumiz
Udayha
Bint Faras NakadanZobeyni
Faras Nakadan
Dam
Yamamah III
Gr. 1872		ShueymanJerboaGharran
Hajlah
Shueymadesertbred
Salimah
Yamamah IIZobeyniBarq
Sununah
Ghaziehdesertbred
desertbred

See also

Related Research Articles

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Aswan (horse)

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Negatiw Russian-bred Arabian Horse stallion

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Bandos (horse) Arabian stallion

Bandos was a gray Arabian stallion with Crabbet ancestry. He was sired by Negatiw, a Tersk bred stud, out of Bandola, who was known by the title of "Queen of Poland". Bandos was a sire in Poland for 11 years, and in 1982, he was imported to the United States.

References

  1. ↑ Crabbet Arabians – Desert Roots Archived 2008-06-12 at the Wayback Machine
  2. ↑ "Home – Al Khamsa". www.alkhamsa.org.
  3. 1 2 Edwards, Gladys Brown. The Arabian: War Horse to Show Horse. Arabian Horse Association of Southern California, Rich Publishing, Revised Collector's edition (1973).
  4. 1 2 3 4 Mulder, Carol June Woodbridge. Imported Foundation Stock of North American Arabian Horses: Volume 1 Registration Numbers 1–82. Revised Edition No publication place 1990
  5. 1 2 Wentworth, Judith Anne Dorothea Blunt-Lytton. The Authentic Arabian Horse, 3rd ed. George Allen & Unwin Ltd., 1979.
  6. ↑ http://www.panix.com/~bam/mesaoud.htm "Mesaoud"
  7. ↑ "Mesaoud Arabian". www.allbreedpedigree.com.
  8. ↑ Schiele, Erika (1970) [1967]. The Arab Horse in Europe. George G. Harrap & Co. p. 104. ISBN   0-245-59699-2.
  9. ↑ Lewis, Barbara S., "Egyptian Arabians – The Mystique Unfolded", Arabians International Archived July 23, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
  10. ↑ "Arabian Horse – Bloodlines, Russian Horses", Arabian Horse Association Archived July 12, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
  11. ↑ "Arieana Arabians – Heritage Notebook: M (Mesaoud)". www.arieana.com.
  12. ↑ "Welcome to Arabian Horse DataSource – Your Information Authority on Arabian Horses". www.arabdatasource.com.

Sources

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