Lahore is the capital and largest city of the Pakistani province of Punjab. It is the second largest city in Pakistan, after Karachi, and 26th largest in the world, with a population of over 13 million. It is located in the north-eastern region of Punjab, along the River Ravi. Lahore is one of Pakistan's major industrial and economic hubs. It has been the historic capital and cultural centre of the wider Punjab region, and is one of Pakistan's most socially liberal, progressive, and cosmopolitan cities.
The Shalimar Gardens are a Mughal garden complex located in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. The gardens date from the period when the Mughal Empire was at its artistic and aesthetic zenith, and are now one of Pakistan's most popular tourist destinations.
Mughal architecture is the type of Indo-Islamic architecture developed by the Mughals in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries throughout the ever-changing extent of their empire in the Indian subcontinent. It developed from the architectural styles of earlier Muslim dynasties in India and from Iranian and Central Asian architectural traditions, particularly Timurid architecture. It also further incorporated and syncretized influences from wider Indian architecture, especially during the reign of Akbar. Mughal buildings have a uniform pattern of structure and character, including large bulbous domes, slender minarets at the corners, massive halls, large vaulted gateways, and delicate ornamentation; examples of the style can be found in modern-day Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India and Pakistan.
Arain are a large Punjabi Muslim agricultural community with a strong political identity and level of organisation.
Mian Iftikharuddin was a Pakistani politician, activist of the Indian National Congress, who later joined the All-India Muslim League and worked for the cause of Pakistan under the leadership of Muhammad Ali Jinnah.
Sir Mian Abdul Rashid, KCSI, H.Pk was the first Chief Justice of Pakistan, legal philosopher, one of the founding fathers of Pakistan, and a jurist.
Sir Mian Muhammad Shafi, was a lawyer and politician from British India. As a practising barrister, he quickly gained renown and during the 1920s and 1930s he came to be regarded as one of India's leading lawyers.
Begum Jahanara Shahnawaz was an activist and politician of British India, present-day Pakistan. She was the daughter of Sir Muhammad Shafi, wife of Mian Muhammad Shahnawaz. She studied at the Queen Mary College, Lahore. She was a Muslim League activist, and a prominent activist of women's rights.
Mumtaz Shahnawaz (1912–1948) was a Pakistani diplomat and writer. She had held degrees in English literature.
Baghbanpura is a town and Union Council of Shalimar tehsil, Lahore District, Punjab, Pakistan. It is located along the Grand Trunk Road some 5 kilometres northeast of the main Lahore city.
Mian Sir Muhammad Shah Nawaz was a prominent politician of Punjab in the 1920s. He was married to Begum Jahanara Shahnawaz daughter of Mian Muhammad Shafi. He was born in the Arain Mian family of Baghbanpura.
Mian Shah Din was a Punjabi lawyer and politician in British India. In October, 1908 he was the first Muslim appointed a judge of the Chief Court of the Punjab, now known as the Lahore High Court.
Shalimar is an administrative town (tehsil) in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. It forms one of the 10 municipalities of Lahore City District.
The Mian is a Pakistani Punjabi noble Arain family who were the owner of Ishaqpura region, the territory where the Mughal Empire wanted to build a Garden named as Shalimar in Lahore.
The Mian or miyan is a royal title of the Arain Tribe of Indian subcontinent, also sometimes used as a surname. Begum or Beygum, is used to describe the wife of a Mian. It is used by several monarchs of Indian states.
The Mian Family Graveyard is a private cemetery in Lahore holds significant historical value as the resting place of numerous influential leaders from this family, such as, Mian Mouhammad Yousaf, Nawab Mian Muhammad Fazil, Mian Qadir Bauksh Nadir, Justice Mian Shah Din, Sir Mian Muhammad Shafi, Begum Jahan Ara, Justice Mian Sir Abdur Rashid, Mian Bashir Ahmed, and Mian Iftikharuddin.
Nasim Jahan was a women's activist and a politician of the Pakistan Peoples Party. She was married to General Akbar Khan and played a key role, largely unknown, in the First Kashmir War. She was accused as a co-conspirator in the Rawalpindi Conspiracy Case but acquitted. Later she was became a founding member of the Pakistan Peoples Party and was elected to the National Assembly of Pakistan and contributed to the formulation of the Constitution of Pakistan.
